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怎么怎么CentOS 7.4 64位系统中安装MySQL8.0？很多新手对此不是很清楚，为了帮助大家解决这个难题，下面小编将为大家详细讲解，有这方面需求的人可以来学习下，希望你能有所收获。
第一步：获取mysql YUM源
点击下载
第二步：下载和安装mysql源
•进入mysql文件夹，没有的自行创建
[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
•下载源安装包
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm --2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198 Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' 100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s 2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' saved [25820/25820] [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll total 28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
•安装mysql源
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
第三步：在线安装MySQL
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
下载东西比较多，等几分钟。
第四步：启动Mysql服务
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
第五步：设置开机启动
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
第六步：修改root本地登录密码
mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个临时的默认密码。用grep命令搜一下
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR 2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,Wivm2 2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#
这里有三条搜索结果，因为我重复装了3次MySQL，如果第一次安装是只会有一条的。
直接拿到临时默认密码 : nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
•登录MySQL
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.12 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
•更改root账户临时密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql>
Pwd123@easyoh.net 请替换成你自己的密码。
(备注 mysql8.0默认密码策略要求密码必须是大小写字母数字特殊字母的组合，至少8位)
第七步：创建新用户、授权、远程登录（不要直接使用root账户登录）
•创建easyoh-mp用户并且授权远程登录
mysql> CREATE USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'easyoh-mp'@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql>
•在sqlyog客户端用easyoh-mp账户登录（其他客户端也可以，随意）
发现会报plugin caching_sha2_password错误。这是因为MySQL8.0密码策略默认为caching_sha2_password。与5.7有所不同。
•进入MySQL数据库查询user表信息
mysql> use mysql; Database changed mysql> select user,host,plugin from user; +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | plugin | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | easyoh-mp | % | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | caching_sha2_password | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql>
发现确实是caching_sha2_password
•依次执行下面语句
mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql>
再次登录就可以登录成功了。
第8步：编码
mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec) mysql>
MySQL8.0默认就是utf8mb4编码，无需更改。
OK 至此 Mysql安装配置完毕；
全流程操作记录
[root@VM_0_10_centos ~]# [root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm --2018-08-04 10:29:39-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198 Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager] Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' 100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820 112KB/s in 0.2s 2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm' saved [25820/25820] [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll total 28 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Examining mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch Marking mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm to be installed Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: mysql80-community-release noarch el7-1 /mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 31 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package Total size: 31 k Installed size: 31 k Downloading packages: Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum. Installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 1/1 Verifying : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch 1/1 Installed: mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 Complete! [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile epel 12641/12641 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.12-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 ---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Installing: mysql-community-server x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 349 M Installing for dependencies: mysql-community-client x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 26 M mysql-community-common x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 541 k mysql-community-libs x86_64 8.0.12-1.el7 mysql80-community 2.2 M Transaction Summary ================================================================================================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages) Total download size: 377 M Installed size: 1.7 G Downloading packages: (1/4): mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 541 kB 00:00:05 (2/4): mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 26 MB 00:00:12 (3/4): mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 349 MB 00:02:26 (4/4): mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:03:37 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 1.7 MB/s | 377 MB 00:03:43 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/4 Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 2/4 Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 3/4 Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/4 Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 1/4 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 2/4 Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 3/4 Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64 4/4 Installed: mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 Dependency Installed: mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 Complete! [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log 2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR 2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,Wivm2 2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G [root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 8 Server version: 8.0.12 Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> CREATE USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'easyoh-mp'@'%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec) mysql> use mysql; Database changed mysql> select user,host,plugin from user; +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | user | host | plugin | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ | easyoh-mp | % | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.session | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | mysql.sys | localhost | caching_sha2_password | | root | localhost | caching_sha2_password | +------------------+-----------+-----------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql> show variables like '%character%'; +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8mb4 | | character_set_connection | utf8mb4 | | character_set_database | utf8mb4 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8mb4 | | character_set_server | utf8mb4 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ | +--------------------------+--------------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
这里有个问题，新密码设置的时候如果设置的过于简单会报错：
原因是因为MySQL有密码设置的规范，具体是与validate_password_policy的值有关：
MySQL完整的初始密码规则可以通过如下命令查看：
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+-------+ | validate_password_check_user_name | OFF | | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 4 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | LOW | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+-------+ 7 rows in set (0.01 sec)
密码的长度是由validate_password_length决定的，而validate_password_length的计算公式是：
validate_password_length = validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)
我的是已经修改过的，初始情况下第一个的值是ON，validate_password_length是8。可以通过如下命令修改：
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;
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