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这篇文章主要介绍QT网络编程Tcp下C/S架构如何实现即时通信,文中介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完!
先写一个客户端,实现简单的,能加入聊天,以及加入服务器的界面。
#ifndef TCPCLIENT_H #define TCPCLIENT_H #include <QDialog> #include <QListWidget> #include <QLineEdit> #include <QPushButton> #include <QLabel> #include <QGridLayout> #include <QtNetWork/QHostAddress> #include <QtNetWork/QTcpSocket> class TcpClient : public QDialog { Q_OBJECT public: TcpClient(QWidget *parent = 0,Qt::WindowFlags f=0); ~TcpClient(); private: QListWidget *contentListWidget; QLineEdit *sendLineEdit; QPushButton *sendBtn; QLabel *userNameLabel; QLineEdit *userNameLineEdit; QLabel *serverIPLabel; QLineEdit *serverIPLineEdit; QLabel *portLabel; QLineEdit *portLineEdit; QPushButton *enterBtn; QGridLayout *mainLayout; bool status; int port; QHostAddress *serverIP; QString userName; QTcpSocket *tcpSocket; public slots: void slotEnter(); void slotConnected(); void slotDisconnected(); void dataReceived(); void slotSend(); }; #endif // TCPCLIENT_H
有一个加入服务器的按钮,还有一个发送消息的按钮,在头文件,先定义两个函数。
#include "tcpclient.h" #include <QMessageBox> #include <QHostInfo> TcpClient::TcpClient(QWidget *parent,Qt::WindowFlags f) : QDialog(parent,f) { setWindowTitle(tr("TCP Client")); contentListWidget = new QListWidget; sendLineEdit = new QLineEdit; sendBtn = new QPushButton(tr("send")); userNameLabel = new QLabel(tr("name")); userNameLineEdit = new QLineEdit; serverIPLabel = new QLabel(tr("server")); serverIPLineEdit = new QLineEdit; portLabel = new QLabel(tr("port")); portLineEdit = new QLineEdit; enterBtn= new QPushButton(tr("join chat")); mainLayout = new QGridLayout(this); mainLayout->addWidget(contentListWidget,0,0,1,2); mainLayout->addWidget(sendLineEdit,1,0); mainLayout->addWidget(sendBtn,1,1); mainLayout->addWidget(userNameLabel,2,0); mainLayout->addWidget(userNameLineEdit,2,1); mainLayout->addWidget(serverIPLabel,3,0); mainLayout->addWidget(serverIPLineEdit,3,1); mainLayout->addWidget(portLabel,4,0); mainLayout->addWidget(portLineEdit,4,1); mainLayout->addWidget(enterBtn,5,0,1,2); status = false; port = 8010; portLineEdit->setText(QString::number(port)); serverIP =new QHostAddress(); connect(enterBtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotEnter())); connect(sendBtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotSend())); sendBtn->setEnabled(false); } TcpClient::~TcpClient() { } void TcpClient::slotEnter() { if(!status) { QString ip = serverIPLineEdit->text(); if(!serverIP->setAddress(ip)) { QMessageBox::information(this,tr("error"),tr("server ip address error!")); return; } if(userNameLineEdit->text()=="") { QMessageBox::information(this,tr("error"),tr("User name error!")); return; } userName=userNameLineEdit->text(); tcpSocket = new QTcpSocket(this); connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(connected()),this,SLOT(slotConnected())); connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(slotDisconnected())); connect(tcpSocket,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(dataReceived())); tcpSocket->connectToHost(*serverIP,port); status=true; } else { int length=0; QString msg=userName+tr(":Leave Chat Room"); if((length=tcpSocket->write(msg.toLatin1(),msg.length()))!=msg. length()) { return; } tcpSocket->disconnectFromHost(); status=false; } } void TcpClient::slotConnected() { sendBtn->setEnabled(true); enterBtn->setText(tr("离开")); int length=0; QString msg=userName+tr(":Enter Chat Room"); if((length=tcpSocket->write(msg.toLatin1(),msg.length()))!=msg.length()) { return; } } void TcpClient::slotSend() { if(sendLineEdit->text()=="") { return ; } QString msg=userName+":"+sendLineEdit->text(); tcpSocket->write(msg.toLatin1(),msg.length()); sendLineEdit->clear(); } void TcpClient::slotDisconnected() { sendBtn->setEnabled(false); enterBtn->setText(tr("join chat")); } void TcpClient::dataReceived() { while(tcpSocket->bytesAvailable()>0) { QByteArray datagram; datagram.resize(tcpSocket->bytesAvailable()); tcpSocket->read(datagram.data(),datagram.size()); QString msg=datagram.data(); contentListWidget->addItem(msg.left(datagram.size())); } }
实现界面布局。在Enter槽函数中,确定加入还是离开的服务器的功能。如果加入了,就将消息,写到tcpsocket中,构造消。
服务端的头文件:
#ifndef TCPSERVER_H #define TCPSERVER_H #include <QDialog> #include <QListWidget> #include <QLabel> #include <QLineEdit> #include <QPushButton> #include <QGridLayout> #include "server.h" class TcpServer : public QDialog { Q_OBJECT public: TcpServer(QWidget *parent = 0,Qt::WindowFlags f=0); ~TcpServer(); private: QListWidget *ContentListWidget; QLabel *PortLabel; QLineEdit *PortLineEdit; QPushButton *CreateBtn; QGridLayout *mainLayout; int port; Server *server; public slots: void slotCreateServer(); void updateServer(QString,int); }; #endif // TCPSERVER_H
这是服务端的界面的,把消息显示而已。实现这个布局。
#include "tcpserver.h" TcpServer::TcpServer(QWidget *parent,Qt::WindowFlags f) : QDialog(parent,f) { setWindowTitle(tr("TCP Server")); ContentListWidget = new QListWidget; PortLabel = new QLabel(tr(" port")); PortLineEdit = new QLineEdit; CreateBtn = new QPushButton(tr("create chat")); mainLayout = new QGridLayout(this); mainLayout->addWidget(ContentListWidget,0,0,1,2); mainLayout->addWidget(PortLabel,1,0); mainLayout->addWidget(PortLineEdit,1,1); mainLayout->addWidget(CreateBtn,2,0,1,2); port=8010; PortLineEdit->setText(QString::number(port)); connect(CreateBtn,SIGNAL(clicked()),this,SLOT(slotCreateServer())); } TcpServer::~TcpServer() { } void TcpServer::slotCreateServer() { server = new Server(this,port); connect(server,SIGNAL(updateServer(QString,int)),this,SLOT(updateServer(QString,int))); CreateBtn->setEnabled(false); } void TcpServer::updateServer(QString msg,int length) { ContentListWidget->addItem(msg.left(length)); }
创建TCP的套接字,以便实现服务端和客户端的通信。
#ifndef TCPCLIENTSOCKET_H #define TCPCLIENTSOCKET_H #include <QtNetWork/QTcpSocket> #include <QObject> class TcpClientSocket : public QTcpSocket { Q_OBJECT public: TcpClientSocket(); signals: void updateClients(QString,int); void disconnected(int); protected slots: void dataReceived(); void slotDisconnected(); }; #endif // TCPCLIENTSOCKET_H
以上是头文件,具体的是:
#include "tcpclientsocket.h" TcpClientSocket::TcpClientSocket() { connect(this,SIGNAL(readyRead()),this,SLOT(dataReceived())); connect(this,SIGNAL(disconnected()),this,SLOT(slotDisconnected())); } void TcpClientSocket::dataReceived() { while(bytesAvailable()>0) { int length = bytesAvailable(); char buf[1024]; read(buf,length); QString msg=buf; emit updateClients(msg,length); } } void TcpClientSocket::slotDisconnected() { emit disconnected(this->socketDescriptor()); }
实现服务器,头文件:
#ifndef SERVER_H #define SERVER_H #include <QtNetWork/QTcpServer> #include <QObject> #include "tcpclientsocket.h" class Server : public QTcpServer { Q_OBJECT public: Server(QObject *parent=0,int port=0); QList<TcpClientSocket*> tcpClientSocketList; signals: void updateServer(QString,int); public slots: void updateClients(QString,int); void slotDisconnected(int); protected: void incomingConnection(int socketDescriptor); }; #endif // SERVER_H
#include "server.h" Server::Server(QObject *parent,int port) :QTcpServer(parent) { listen(QHostAddress::Any,port); } void Server::incomingConnection(int socketDescriptor) { TcpClientSocket *tcpClientSocket = new TcpClientSocket; connect(tcpClientSocket,SIGNAL(updateClients(QString,int)),this,SLOT(updateClients(QString,int))); connect(tcpClientSocket,SIGNAL(disconnected(int)),this,SLOT(slotDisconnected(int))); tcpClientSocket->setSocketDescriptor(socketDescriptor); tcpClientSocketList.append(tcpClientSocket); } void Server::updateClients(QString msg,int length) { emit updateServer(msg,length); for(int i=0;i<tcpClientSocketList.count();i++) { QTcpSocket *item = tcpClientSocketList.at(i); if(item->write(msg.toLatin1(),length)!=length) { continue; } } } void Server::slotDisconnected(int descriptor) { for(int i=0;i<tcpClientSocketList.count();i++) { QTcpSocket *item = tcpClientSocketList.at(i); if(item->socketDescriptor()==descriptor) { tcpClientSocketList.removeAt(i); return; } } return; }
实现后的界面:
以上是“QT网络编程Tcp下C/S架构如何实现即时通信”这篇文章的所有内容,感谢各位的阅读!希望分享的内容对大家有帮助,更多相关知识,欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道!
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