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这篇文章给大家介绍如何在Java中生成图片验证码，内容非常详细，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴，希望对大家能有所帮助。
第一种方法 全是字母和数字组成
package com.myFirstSpring.util;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class ValidateCodeUtils extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1409007752285164213L;
private static int width = 75;
private static int height = 35;
// private static char[] ch =
// "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789".toCharArray();
private static char[] ch = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789".toCharArray();
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
// 生成数字和字母的验证码
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request, response);
}
protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
// 在内存中创建图象
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 获取图形上下文
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
// 生成随机类
Random random = new Random();
// 设定背景色
g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 设定字体
g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18));
// 画边框
// g.setColor(new Color());
// g.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1);
// 随机产生155条干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到
g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int xl = random.nextInt(12);
int yl = random.nextInt(12);
g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
}
// 取随机产生的认证码(4位数字)
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
int index, len = ch.length;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
index = random.nextInt(len);
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(88), random.nextInt(188),
random.nextInt(255)));
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.ITALIC, 28));// 输出的字体和大小
g.drawString("" + ch[index], (i * 15) + 6, 26);// 写什么数字，在图片的什么位置画
sb.append(ch[index]);
}
// 将认证码存入SESSION
request.getSession().setAttribute("piccode", sb.toString());
request.getSession().setAttribute(request.getSession().getId(), sb.toString());
// 图象生效
g.dispose();
ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = response.getOutputStream();
// 输出图象到页面
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", responseOutputStream);
// 以下关闭输入流！
responseOutputStream.flush();
responseOutputStream.close();
}
protected void ValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 在内存中创建图象
BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 得到该图片的绘图对象
Graphics g = img.getGraphics();
Random r = new Random();
Color c = new Color(200, 150, 255);
g.setColor(c);
// 填充整个图片的颜色
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 向图片中输出数字和字母
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
int index, len = ch.length;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
index = r.nextInt(len);
g
.setColor(new Color(r.nextInt(88), r.nextInt(188), r
.nextInt(255)));
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD | Font.ITALIC, 22));// 输出的字体和大小
g.drawString("" + ch[index], (i * 15) + 6, 18);// 写什么数字，在图片的什么位置画
sb.append(ch[index]);
}
request.getSession().setAttribute("piccode", sb.toString());
ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = response.getOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(img, "JPG", responseOutputStream);
responseOutputStream.flush();
responseOutputStream.close();
}
Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {// 给定范围获得随机颜色
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
/**
* 得到某一个类的路径
*
* @param name
* @return
*/
public static String getPath(Class name) {
String strResult = null;
if (System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().indexOf("window") > -1) {
strResult = name.getResource("/").toString().replace("file:/", "")
.replace("%20", " ");
} else {
strResult = name.getResource("/").toString().replace("file:", "")
.replace("%20", " ");
}
return strResult;
}
}第二种 中文字符
package com.myFirstSpring.util;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 生成验证码(汉字)
*
* @author 冰雨凌風
*
*/
public class ValidateCodeUtils_zh extends HttpServlet {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 6699312412706395069L;
public static final int WIDTH = 120;
public static final int HEIGHT = 30;
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
// 创建缓存
BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, HEIGHT,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 获得画布
Graphics g = bi.getGraphics();
// 设置背影色
setBackGround(g);
// 设置边框
setBorder(g);
// 画干扰线
drawRandomLine(g);
// 写随机数
String random = drawRandomNum((Graphics2D) g);
// 将随机汉字存在session中
request.getSession().setAttribute("piccode", random);
// 将图形写给浏览器
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
// 发头控制浏览器不要缓存
response.setDateHeader("expries", -1);
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
// 将图片写给浏览器
ImageIO.write(bi, "jpg", response.getOutputStream());
}
/**
* 设置背景色
*
* @param g
*/
private void setBackGround(Graphics g) {
// 设置颜色
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
// 填充区域
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
}
/**
* 设置边框
*
* @param g
*/
private void setBorder(Graphics g) {
// 设置边框颜色
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
// 边框区域
g.drawRect(1, 1, WIDTH - 2, HEIGHT - 2);
}
/**
* 画随机线条
*
* @param g
*/
private void drawRandomLine(Graphics g) {
// 设置颜色
g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
// 设置线条个数并画线
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
int x1 = new Random().nextInt(WIDTH);
int y1 = new Random().nextInt(HEIGHT);
int x2 = new Random().nextInt(WIDTH);
int y2 = new Random().nextInt(HEIGHT);
g.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
}
}
/**
* 画随机汉字
*
* @param g
* @return
*/
private String drawRandomNum(Graphics2D g) {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
// 设置颜色
g.setColor(Color.RED);
// 设置字体
g.setFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 20));
// 准备常用汉字集
String base = "\u7684\u4e00\u4e86\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u6709\u6765\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e0a\u7740\u4e2a\u5730\u5230\u5927\u91cc\u8bf4\u5c31\u53bb\u5b50\u5f97\u4e5f\u548c\u90a3\u8981\u4e0b\u770b\u5929\u65f6\u8fc7\u51fa\u5c0f\u4e48\u8d77\u4f60\u90fd\u628a\u597d\u8fd8\u591a\u6ca1\u4e3a\u53c8\u53ef\u5bb6\u5b66\u53ea\u4ee5\u4e3b\u4f1a\u6837\u5e74\u60f3\u751f\u540c\u8001\u4e2d\u5341\u4ece\u81ea\u9762\u524d\u5934\u9053\u5b83\u540e\u7136\u8d70\u5f88\u50cf\u89c1\u4e24\u7528\u5979\u56fd\u52a8\u8fdb\u6210\u56de\u4ec0\u8fb9\u4f5c\u5bf9\u5f00\u800c\u5df1\u4e9b\u73b0\u5c71\u6c11\u5019\u7ecf\u53d1\u5de5\u5411\u4e8b\u547d\u7ed9\u957f\u6c34\u51e0\u4e49\u4e09\u58f0\u4e8e\u9ad8\u624b\u77e5\u7406\u773c\u5fd7\u70b9\u5fc3\u6218\u4e8c\u95ee\u4f46\u8eab\u65b9\u5b9e\u5403\u505a\u53eb\u5f53\u4f4f\u542c\u9769\u6253\u5462\u771f\u5168\u624d\u56db\u5df2\u6240\u654c\u4e4b\u6700\u5149\u4ea7\u60c5\u8def\u5206\u603b\u6761\u767d\u8bdd\u4e1c\u5e2d\u6b21\u4eb2\u5982\u88ab\u82b1\u53e3\u653e\u513f\u5e38\u6c14\u4e94\u7b2c\u4f7f\u5199\u519b\u5427\u6587\u8fd0\u518d\u679c\u600e\u5b9a\u8bb8\u5feb\u660e\u884c\u56e0\u522b\u98de\u5916\u6811\u7269\u6d3b\u90e8\u95e8\u65e0\u5f80\u8239\u671b\u65b0\u5e26\u961f\u5148\u529b\u5b8c\u5374\u7ad9\u4ee3\u5458\u673a\u66f4\u4e5d\u60a8\u6bcf\u98ce\u7ea7\u8ddf\u7b11\u554a\u5b69\u4e07\u5c11\u76f4\u610f\u591c\u6bd4\u9636\u8fde\u8f66\u91cd\u4fbf\u6597\u9a6c\u54ea\u5316\u592a\u6307\u53d8\u793e\u4f3c\u58eb\u8005\u5e72\u77f3\u6ee1\u65e5\u51b3\u767e\u539f\u62ff\u7fa4\u7a76\u5404\u516d\u672c\u601d\u89e3\u7acb\u6cb3\u6751\u516b\u96be\u65e9\u8bba\u5417\u6839\u5171\u8ba9\u76f8\u7814\u4eca\u5176\u4e66\u5750\u63a5\u5e94\u5173\u4fe1\u89c9\u6b65\u53cd\u5904\u8bb0\u5c06\u5343\u627e\u4e89\u9886\u6216\u5e08\u7ed3\u5757\u8dd1\u8c01\u8349\u8d8a\u5b57\u52a0\u811a\u7d27\u7231\u7b49\u4e60\u9635\u6015\u6708\u9752\u534a\u706b\u6cd5\u9898\u5efa\u8d76\u4f4d\u5531\u6d77\u4e03\u5973\u4efb\u4ef6\u611f\u51c6\u5f20\u56e2\u5c4b\u79bb\u8272\u8138\u7247\u79d1\u5012\u775b\u5229\u4e16\u521a\u4e14\u7531\u9001\u5207\u661f\u5bfc\u665a\u8868\u591f\u6574\u8ba4\u54cd\u96ea\u6d41\u672a\u573a\u8be5\u5e76\u5e95\u6df1\u523b\u5e73\u4f1f\u5fd9\u63d0\u786e\u8fd1\u4eae\u8f7b\u8bb2\u519c\u53e4\u9ed1\u544a\u754c\u62c9\u540d\u5440\u571f\u6e05\u9633\u7167\u529e\u53f2\u6539\u5386\u8f6c\u753b\u9020\u5634\u6b64\u6cbb\u5317\u5fc5\u670d\u96e8\u7a7f\u5185\u8bc6\u9a8c\u4f20\u4e1a\u83dc\u722c\u7761\u5174\u5f62\u91cf\u54b1\u89c2\u82e6\u4f53\u4f17\u901a\u51b2\u5408\u7834\u53cb\u5ea6\u672f\u996d\u516c\u65c1\u623f\u6781\u5357\u67aa\u8bfb\u6c99\u5c81\u7ebf\u91ce\u575a\u7a7a\u6536\u7b97\u81f3\u653f\u57ce\u52b3\u843d\u94b1\u7279\u56f4\u5f1f\u80dc\u6559\u70ed\u5c55\u5305\u6b4c\u7c7b\u6e10\u5f3a\u6570\u4e61\u547c\u6027\u97f3\u7b54\u54e5\u9645\u65e7\u795e\u5ea7\u7ae0\u5e2e\u5566\u53d7\u7cfb\u4ee4\u8df3\u975e\u4f55\u725b\u53d6\u5165\u5cb8\u6562\u6389\u5ffd\u79cd\u88c5\u9876\u6025\u6797\u505c\u606f\u53e5\u533a\u8863\u822c\u62a5\u53f6\u538b\u6162\u53d4\u80cc\u7ec6";
int x = 5;
// 控制字数
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
// 设置字体旋转角度
int degree = new Random().nextInt() % 30;
// 截取汉字
String ch = base.charAt(new Random().nextInt(base.length())) + "";
sb.append(ch);
// 正向角度
g.rotate(degree * Math.PI / 180, x, 20);
g.drawString(ch, x, 20);
// 反向角度
g.rotate(-degree * Math.PI / 180, x, 20);
x += 30;
}
return sb.toString();
}
}第三种 加减乘除方式
package com.myFirstSpring.util;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
*
* @Description 生成验证码(加减乘)
* @author waa
* @version V1.0, 日期2011-7-4
*/
public class ValidateCodeUtils_algorithm extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1409007752285164213L;
private static int width = 75;
private static int height = 35;
// private static char[] ch =
// "AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz0123456789".toCharArray();
private static char[] ch = "0123456789".toCharArray();
private static char[] sf = "+-x".toCharArray();
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request, response);
}
// 生成数字和字母的验证码
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request, response);
}
protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");
response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
// 在内存中创建图象
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 获取图形上下文
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
// 生成随机类
Random random = new Random();
// 设定背景色
g.setColor(getRandColor(200, 250));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 设定字体
g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.PLAIN, 18));
// 画边框
// g.setColor(new Color());
// g.drawRect(0,0,width-1,height-1);
// 随机产生155条干扰线，使图象中的认证码不易被其它程序探测到
g.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
int x = random.nextInt(width);
int y = random.nextInt(height);
int xl = random.nextInt(12);
int yl = random.nextInt(12);
g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
}
// 取随机产生的认证码(4位数字)
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
int index, len = ch.length;
index = random.nextInt(len);
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(88), random.nextInt(188),
random.nextInt(255)));
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.ITALIC, 20));// 输出的字体和大小
g.drawString("" + ch[index], (0 * 15), 26);// 写什么数字，在图片的什么位置画
sb.append(ch[index]);
int index1, len1 = sf.length;
index1 = random.nextInt(len1);
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(88), random.nextInt(188),
random.nextInt(255)));
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.ITALIC, 20));// 输出的字体和大小
g.drawString("" + sf[index1], (1 * 15), 26);// 写什么数字，在图片的什么位置画
sb.append(sf[index1]);
int index2, len2 = ch.length;
index2 = random.nextInt(len2);
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(88), random.nextInt(188),
random.nextInt(255)));
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.ITALIC, 20));// 输出的字体和大小
if(String.valueOf(sf[index1]).equals("-")){
if(Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ch[index])) < Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ch[index2]))){
index2 = index;
}
}
g.drawString("" + ch[index2], (2 * 15) , 26);// 写什么数字，在图片的什么位置画
sb.append(ch[index2]);
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(88), random.nextInt(188),
random.nextInt(255)));
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.ITALIC, 20));// 输出的字体和大小
g.drawString("=", (3 * 15) , 26);// 写什么数字，在图片的什么位置画
sb.append("=");
g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(88), random.nextInt(188),
random.nextInt(255)));
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.ITALIC, 20));// 输出的字体和大小
g.drawString("?", (4 * 15) , 26);// 写什么数字，在图片的什么位置画
sb.append("?");
g.drawLine(5, 3, 60, 35);
// 将认证码存入SESSION
int jg = 0;
if(String.valueOf(sf[index1]).equals("+")){
jg = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ch[index])) + Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ch[index2]));
}
if(String.valueOf(sf[index1]).equals("-")){
jg = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ch[index])) - Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ch[index2]));
}
if(String.valueOf(sf[index1]).equals("x")){
jg = Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ch[index])) * Integer.parseInt(String.valueOf(ch[index2]));
}
request.getSession().setAttribute("piccode", String.valueOf(jg));
request.getSession().setAttribute(request.getSession().getId(), sb.toString());
// 图象生效
g.dispose();
ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = response.getOutputStream();
// 输出图象到页面
ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", responseOutputStream);
// 以下关闭输入流！
responseOutputStream.flush();
responseOutputStream.close();
}
protected void ValidateCode(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 在内存中创建图象
BufferedImage img = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
// 得到该图片的绘图对象
Graphics g = img.getGraphics();
Random r = new Random();
Color c = new Color(200, 150, 255);
g.setColor(c);
// 填充整个图片的颜色
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// 向图片中输出数字和字母
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
int index, len = ch.length;
for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
index = r.nextInt(len);
g
.setColor(new Color(r.nextInt(88), r.nextInt(188), r
.nextInt(255)));
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD | Font.ITALIC, 22));// 输出的字体和大小
g.drawString("" + ch[index], (i * 15) + 6, 18);// 写什么数字，在图片的什么位置画
sb.append(ch[index]);
}
request.getSession().setAttribute("piccode", sb.toString());
ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream = response.getOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(img, "JPG", responseOutputStream);
responseOutputStream.flush();
responseOutputStream.close();
}
Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {// 给定范围获得随机颜色
Random random = new Random();
if (fc > 255)
fc = 255;
if (bc > 255)
bc = 255;
int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
return new Color(r, g, b);
}
/**
* 得到某一个类的路径
*
* @param name
* @return
*/
public static String getPath(Class name) {
String strResult = null;
if (System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().indexOf("window") > -1) {
strResult = name.getResource("/").toString().replace("file:/", "")
.replace("%20", " ");
} else {
strResult = name.getResource("/").toString().replace("file:", "")
.replace("%20", " ");
}
return strResult;
}
}直接复制代码可以测试生成的方法
前段调用方法如下所示
function flushVerifyImg() {
var timenow = new Date().getTime();
$("#VerifyImg").attr("src", '/servlet/Validate?d=' + timenow);
return false;
}然后是配置文件 在web.xml配置如下
<servlet> <servlet-name>Validate</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.myFirstSpring.util.ValidateCodeUtils</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Validate</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/Validate</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
其中重要的是一个你的文件路径需要配置正确 就是 com.myFirstSpring.util.ValidateCodeUtils
在放一下我的项目配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <display-name>CoBiker</display-name> <filter> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <servlet> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>action</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>Validate</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.myFirstSpring.util.ValidateCodeUtils</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Validate</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/servlet/Validate</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.ftl</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <error-page> <error-code>404</error-code> <location>/WEB-INF/view/404.ftl</location> <!-- 1 错误页面跳转 本地项目因为是8080访问所以会报错 /WEB-INF/view/error.ftl --> <!-- 2还可以通过控制器来实现跳转 /404 --> </error-page> <error-page> <error-code>500</error-code> <location>/index.ftl</location> </error-page> <login-config> <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method> </login-config> </web-app>
Java中的集合主要分为四类：1、List列表：有序的，可重复的；2、Queue队列：有序，可重复的；3、Set集合：不可重复；4、Map映射：无序，键唯一，值不唯一。
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