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这篇文章给大家分享的是有关springboot如何实现带有进度条的上传功能的内容。小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，一起跟随小编过来看看吧。
一、说明
最近要做文件上传，在网上找了很久都没有一个全面的示例，特此记录下来分享给大家。
1.文件上传接口可按照springboot默认实现，也可用commons-fileupload组件，本示例使用springboot默认文件上传 2.最后也有commons-fileupload组件接口示例
2.重点在前端JS实现（也可以使用ajax上传），参考了网上大量上传文件显示进度条博客以及技术方案，在此做了一个统一的总结，方便后续使用
3.这仅仅是一个示例，大家可根据实际需要改进。
二、前端代码
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <head> <title>文件上传</title> <link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.2/css/bootstrap.css" rel="external nofollow" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script> </head> <body class="container"> <br /> <span id="time"></span> <div class="row"> <input class="btn btn-info btn-xs" type="file" name="file" /><br /> <div class="col-lg-5" > <div class="progress progress-striped active" > <div id="progressBar" class="progress-bar progress-bar-success" role="progressbar" aria-valuemin="0" aria-valuenow="0" aria-valuemax="100" ></div> </div> </div> <!-- 显示上传速度 --> <div id="showInfo" class="col-lg-2">0KB/s</div> </div> <!-- 显示文件信息 --> <div id="showFieInfo" class="row"> <label name="upfileName"></label><br /> <label name="upfileSize"></label><br /> <label name="upfileType"></label><br /> </div> <div class="row"> <input class="btn btn-success btn-xs" type="button" name="upload" value="上传" /> <input class="btn btn-success btn-xs" type="button" name="cancelUpload" value="取消" /> </div> </body> <script type="text/javascript"> var fileBtn = $("input[name=file]"); var processBar= $("#progressBar"); var uploadBtn=$("input[name=upload]"); var canelBtn=$("input[name=cancelUpload]"); var ot;//上传开始时间 var oloaded;//已上传文件大小 fileBtn.change(function() { var fileObj = fileBtn.get(0).files[0]; //js获取文件对象 if (fileObj) { var fileSize = getSize(fileObj.size); $("label[name=upfileName]").text('文件名：' + fileObj.name); $("label[name=upfileSize]").text('文件大小：' + fileSize); $("label[name=upfileType]").text('文件类型：' + fileObj.type); uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false); } }); // 上传文件按钮点击的时候 uploadBtn.click(function(){ // 进度条归零 setProgress(0); // 上传按钮禁用 $(this).attr('disabled', true); // 进度条显示 showProgress(); // 上传文件 uploadFile(); }); function uploadFile(){ var url ="/to/upload"; var fileObj = fileBtn.get(0).files[0]; if(fileObj==null){ alert("请选择文件"); return; } // FormData 对象 var form = new FormData(); form.append('file', fileObj); // 文件对象 // XMLHttpRequest 对象 var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(); //true为异步处理 xhr.open('post', url, true); //上传开始执行方法 xhr.onloadstart = function() { console.log('开始上传') ot = new Date().getTime(); //设置上传开始时间 oloaded = 0;//已上传的文件大小为0 }; xhr.upload.addEventListener('progress', progressFunction, false); xhr.addEventListener("load", uploadComplete, false); xhr.addEventListener("error", uploadFailed, false); xhr.addEventListener("abort", uploadCanceled, false); xhr.send(form); function progressFunction(evt) { debugger; if (evt.lengthComputable) { var completePercent = Math.round(evt.loaded / evt.total * 100) + '%'; processBar.width(completePercent); processBar.text(completePercent); var time = $("#time"); var nt = new Date().getTime(); //获取当前时间 var pertime = (nt-ot)/1000; //计算出上次调用该方法时到现在的时间差，单位为s ot = new Date().getTime(); //重新赋值时间，用于下次计算 var perload = evt.loaded - oloaded; //计算该分段上传的文件大小，单位b oloaded = evt.loaded; //重新赋值已上传文件大小 //上传速度计算 var speed = perload/pertime;//单位b/s var bspeed = speed; var units = 'b/s';//单位名称 if(speed/1024>1){ speed = speed/1024; units = 'k/s'; } if(speed/1024>1){ speed = speed/1024; units = 'M/s'; } speed = speed.toFixed(1); //剩余时间 var resttime = ((evt.total-evt.loaded)/bspeed).toFixed(1); $("#showInfo").html(speed+units+'，剩余时间：'+resttime+'s'); } } //上传成功后回调 function uploadComplete(evt) { uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false); console.log('上传完成') }; //上传失败回调 function uploadFailed(evt) { console.log('上传失败' + evt.target.responseText); } //终止上传 function cancelUpload() { xhr.abort(); } //上传取消后回调 function uploadCanceled(evt) { console.log('上传取消,上传被用户取消或者浏览器断开连接:' + evt.target.responseText); } canelBtn.click(function(){ uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false); cancelUpload(); }) } function getSize(size) { var fileSize = '0KB'; if (size > 1024 * 1024) { fileSize = (Math.round(size / (1024 * 1024))).toString() + 'MB'; } else { fileSize = (Math.round(size / 1024)).toString() + 'KB'; } return fileSize; } function setProgress(w) { processBar.width(w + '%'); } function showProgress() { processBar.parent().show(); } function hideProgress() { processBar.parent().hide(); } </script> </html>
效果：
三、对上传代码进行组件化封装
UploadCommon.js
/**
* 上传文件公共组件
*
* @param url 上传地址
* @param processBar 进度条 jquery获取的页面组件
* @param speedLab 显示上传速度Label jquery获取的页面组件
* @param uploadBtn 上传按钮 jquery获取的页面组件
* @param cancelBtn 取消上传按钮 jquery获取的页面组件
* @param callBack 上传完成回调函数 上传完成后的回调函数，可以不传
* @author
* @returns
*/
function UploadCommon(url, processBar, speedLab, uploadBtn, cancelBtn, callBack){
function init() {
// 每次回调监测上传开始时间
var startTime = null
// 已上传文件大小
var oloaded = null
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
function setProgress(w) {
processBar.width(w + '%');
processBar.text(w + '%');
}
function progressMonitor(evt){
if (evt.lengthComputable) {
var completePercent = Math.round(evt.loaded / evt.total * 100)
setProgress(completePercent)
var nowTime = new Date().getTime()
// 计算出上次调用该方法时到现在的时间差，单位为s
var pertime = (nowTime - startTime) / 1000
// 重新赋值时间，用于下次计算
startTime = new Date().getTime()
// 计算该分段上传的文件大小，单位b
var perload = evt.loaded - oloaded
// 重新赋值已上传文件大小，用以下次计算
oloaded = evt.loaded
// 上传速度计算,单位b/s
var speed = perload / pertime
var bspeed = speed
// 单位名称
var units = 'bit/s'if (speed / 1024 > 1) {
speed = speed / 1024
units = 'Kb/s'
}
if (speed / 1024 > 1) {
speed = speed / 1024
units = 'Mb/s'
}
speed = speed.toFixed(1);
// 剩余时间
var resttime = ((evt.total - evt.loaded) / bspeed).toFixed(1)
speedLab.html(speed + units + '，剩余时间：' + resttime + 's')
}
}
// 上传成功后回调
function uploadComplete(evt) {
uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false)
var status = evt.currentTarget.status
if (status == 401) {
alert('请登录后再上传')
return
}
if (status == 403) {
alert('无权限操作')
return
}
if (status != 200) {
alert('上传异常，错误码' + status)
return
}
var response=JSON.parse(evt.currentTarget.response)
if (response.code!='200') {
alert('上传处理异常' + response.msg)
return
}
console.log('上传成功')
if ( callBack != null && typeof callBack != 'undefined') {
callBack()
}
};
// 上传失败回调
function uploadFailed(evt) {
alert('上传处理失败' + evt.target.responseText)
}
// 终止上传
function cancelUpload() {
xhr.abort()
}
// 上传取消后回调
function uploadCanceled(evt) {
alert('文件上传已终止:' + evt.target.responseText)
}
// 添加取消上传事件
cancelBtn.click(function() {
uploadBtn.attr('disabled', false)
cancelUpload();
})
this.uploadFile = function(formData) {
// 上传按钮禁用
uploadBtn.attr('disabled', true);
setProgress(0)
// true为异步处理
xhr.open('post', url, true)
// 上传开始执行方法
xhr.onloadstart = function() {
console.log('开始上传')
// 设置上传开始时间
startTime = new Date().getTime()
// 已上传的文件大小为0
oloaded = 0
}
xhr.upload.addEventListener('progress', progressMonitor, false)
xhr.addEventListener("load", uploadComplete, false)
xhr.addEventListener("error", uploadFailed, false)
xhr.addEventListener("abort", uploadCanceled, false)
xhr.send(formData);
}
this.setProgressValue=function(w){
processBar.width(w + '%')
processBar.text(w + '%')
}
}
return new init()
}调用
$(document).ready(function() {
var addVersionBtn=$('#addVersionBtn') //<button>
var cancelUploadBtn=$('#cancelUploadBtn') //<button>
var fileInput=$("#filewareFile") //<input>
var processBar = $("#progressBar"); //div
var fileNameLab=$("label[name=upfileName]") //<label>
var fileSizeLab=$("label[name=upfileSize]") //...
var fileTypeLab=$("label[name=upfileType]") //...
var speedLab=$("#showSpeed") //<label>
var url='/api/file'
//获取文件上传实例
var upload=UploadCommon(url,processBar,speedLab,addVersionBtn,cancelUploadBtn,initPageInfo)
// 文件选择框变更事件
fileInput.change(function() {
var fileObj = fileInput.get(0).files[0]; // js获取文件对象
if (fileObj) {
var fileSize = getSize(fileObj.size);
fileNameLab.text('文件名：' + fileObj.name);
fileSizeLab.text('文件大小：' + fileSize);
fileTypeLab.text('文件类型：' + fileObj.type);
addVersionBtn.attr('disabled', false);
}
});
// 点击上传固件事件
addVersionBtn.click(function(){
var versionInfo=$('#version').val()
var file = fileInput.get(0).files[0]
var strategyInfo=$('#versionType').val()
if(file==null){
alert("固件文件不能为空")
return
}
if(versionInfo==''){
alert("版本号不能为空")
return
}
if(strategyInfo==''){
alert("升级策略不能为空")
return
}
// 创建提交数据
var formData = new FormData();
formData.append('firmFile', fileInput.get(0).files[0]);
formData.append('version', versionInfo);
formData.append('strategy', strategyInfo);
// 上传文件
upload.uploadFile(formData)
})
});四,服务端接口
1.springboot默认实现
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.demo</groupId> <artifactId>demo</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId> <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 添加Swagger2依赖,用于生成接口文档 --> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <!--end--> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
application.yml
server: port: 8080 tomcat: uri-encoding: UTF-8 application: name: demo thymeleaf: encoding: UTF-8 cache: true mode: LEGACYHTML5 devtools: restart: enabled: true http: multipart: maxFileSize: 500Mb maxRequestSize: 500Mb location: D:/tmp debug: false
接口：
@PostMapping("/upload")
public String uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
if (file == null || file.isEmpty()) {
return "file is empty";
}
// 获取文件名
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
// 文件存储路径
String filePath = "D:/data/" + UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "") + "_" + fileName;
logger.info("save file to:" + filePath);
File dest = new File(filePath);
if (!dest.getParentFile().exists()) {
dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
try {
file.transferTo(dest);
return "success";
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return "fail";
}启动类
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;
import org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
return application.sources(Application.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}2.使用commons-fileupload上传组件
application.yml
server: port: 8080 tomcat: uri-encoding : UTF-8 spring: application: name: svc-demo thymeleaf: encoding: UTF-8 cache: false mode: LEGACYHTML5 debug: false
pom .xml
<parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!--添加文件上传支持--> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <!--添加html5支持--> <dependency> <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId> <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
进程类
public class Progress{
private long bytesRead; //已读取文件的比特数
private long contentLength;//文件总比特数
private long items; //正读的第几个文件
public long getBytesRead(){
return bytesRead;
}
public void setBytesRead(long bytesRead){
this.bytesRead = bytesRead;
}
public long getContentLength() {
return contentLength;
}
public void setContentLength(long contentLength) {
this.contentLength = contentLength;
}
public long getItems() {
return items;
}
public void setItems(long items)\{
this.items = items;
}
}监听类
@Component
public class FileUploadProgressListener implements ProgressListener{
private HttpSession session;
public void setSession(HttpSession session){
this.session=session;
Progress status = new Progress();//保存上传状态
session.setAttribute("status", status);
}
@Override
public void update(long bytesRead, long contentLength, int items) {
Progress status = (Progress) session.getAttribute("status");
status.setBytesRead(bytesRead);
status.setContentLength(contentLength);
status.setItems(items);
}
}文件上传处理类
public class CustomMultipartResolver extends CommonsMultipartResolver{
// 注入第二步写的FileUploadProgressListener
@Autowired
private FileUploadProgressListener progressListener;
public void setFileUploadProgressListener(FileUploadProgressListener progressListener){
this.progressListener = progressListener;
}
@Override
public MultipartParsingResult parseRequest(HttpServletRequest request) throws MultipartException{
String encoding = determineEncoding(request);
FileUpload fileUpload = prepareFileUpload(encoding);
//fileUpload.setFileSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 500);// 单个文件最大500M
//fileUpload.setSizeMax(1024 * 1024 * 500);// 一次提交总文件最大500M
progressListener.setSession(request.getSession());// 问文件上传进度监听器设置session用于存储上传进度
fileUpload.setProgressListener(progressListener);// 将文件上传进度监听器加入到 fileUpload 中
try{
List<FileItem> fileItems = ((ServletFileUpload) fileUpload).parseRequest(request);
return parseFileItems(fileItems, encoding);
} catch (FileUploadBase.SizeLimitExceededException ex) {
throw new MaxUploadSizeExceededException(fileUpload.getSizeMax(), ex);
} catch (FileUploadException ex){
throw new MultipartException("Could not parse multipart servlet request", ex);
}
}
}控制器
@RestController
public class FileController{
@PostMapping("/upload")
public String uploadFile(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) {
if (file.isEmpty()) {
return "文件为空";
}
// 获取文件名
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();// 文件上传后的路径
// 文件上传后的路径
String filePath = null;
try{
filePath = new File("").getCanonicalPath() + "/tmp/uploadFile/";
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
//存储路径
String tagFilePath = filePath + CommonUtil.getCurrentTime() + fileName;
File dest = new File(tagFilePath);
// 检测是否存在目录
if (!dest.getParentFile().exists()){
dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
try{
file.transferTo(dest);
} catch (IllegalStateException e){
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return fileName + "上传失败";
}
}启动类
//注意取消自动Multipart配置，否则可能在上传接口中拿不到file的值
@EnableAutoConfiguration(exclude = { MultipartAutoConfiguration.class })
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer{
//注入自定义的文件上传处理类
@Bean(name = "multipartResolver")
public MultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
CustomMultipartResolver customMultipartResolver = new CustomMultipartResolver();
return customMultipartResolver;
}
@Override
protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application){
return application.sources(Application.class);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}感谢各位的阅读！关于“springboot如何实现带有进度条的上传功能”这篇文章就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，让大家可以学到更多知识，如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到吧！
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