怎么在java中利用Rxtx实现串口通信调

package serialPort; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Enumeration; import java.util.List; import java.util.TooManyListenersException; import gnu.io.CommPort; import gnu.io.CommPortIdentifier; import gnu.io.NoSuchPortException; import gnu.io.PortInUseException; import gnu.io.SerialPort; import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener; import gnu.io.UnsupportedCommOperationException; /**串口服务类，提供打开、关闭串口，读取、发送串口数据等服务 */ public class SerialTool { private static SerialTool serialTool = null; static { //在该类被ClassLoader加载时就初始化一个SerialTool对象 if (serialTool == null) { serialTool = new SerialTool(); } } //私有化SerialTool类的构造方法，不允许其他类生成SerialTool对象 private SerialTool() {} /** * 获取提供服务的SerialTool对象 * @return serialTool */ public static SerialTool getSerialTool() { if (serialTool == null) { serialTool = new SerialTool(); } return serialTool; } /** * 查找所有可用端口 * @return 可用端口名称列表 */ public static final List<String> findPort() { //获得当前所有可用串口 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") Enumeration<CommPortIdentifier> portList = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers(); List<String> portNameList = new ArrayList<>(); //将可用串口名添加到List并返回该List while (portList.hasMoreElements()) { String portName = portList.nextElement().getName(); portNameList.add(portName); } return portNameList; } /** * 打开串口 * @param portName 端口名称 * @param baudrate 波特率 * @return 串口对象 * @throws UnsupportedCommOperationException * @throws PortInUseException * @throws NoSuchPortException */ public static final SerialPort openPort(String portName, int baudrate) throws UnsupportedCommOperationException, PortInUseException, NoSuchPortException { //通过端口名识别端口 CommPortIdentifier portIdentifier = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifier(portName); //打开端口，并给端口名字和一个timeout（打开操作的超时时间） CommPort commPort = portIdentifier.open(portName, 2000); //判断是不是串口 if (commPort instanceof SerialPort) { SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort) commPort; //设置一下串口的波特率等参数 serialPort.setSerialPortParams(baudrate, SerialPort.DATABITS_8, SerialPort.STOPBITS_1, SerialPort.PARITY_NONE); return serialPort; } return null; } /** * 关闭串口 * @param serialport 待关闭的串口对象 */ public static void closePort(SerialPort serialPort) { if (serialPort != null) { serialPort.close(); serialPort = null; } } /** * 往串口发送数据 * @param serialPort 串口对象 * @param order 待发送数据 * @throws IOException */ public static void sendToPort(SerialPort serialPort, byte[] order) throws IOException { OutputStream out = null; out = serialPort.getOutputStream(); out.write(order); out.flush(); out.close(); } /** * 从串口读取数据 * @param serialPort 当前已建立连接的SerialPort对象 * @return 读取到的数据 * @throws IOException */ public static byte[] readFromPort(SerialPort serialPort) throws IOException { InputStream in = null; byte[] bytes = null; try { in = serialPort.getInputStream(); int bufflenth = in.available(); //获取buffer里的数据长度 while (bufflenth != 0) { bytes = new byte[bufflenth]; //初始化byte数组为buffer中数据的长度 in.read(bytes); bufflenth = in.available(); } } catch (IOException e) { throw e; } finally { if (in != null) { in.close(); in = null; } } return bytes; } /**添加监听器 * @param port 串口对象 * @param listener 串口监听器 * @throws TooManyListenersException */ public static void addListener(SerialPort port, SerialPortEventListener listener) throws TooManyListenersException { //给串口添加监听器 port.addEventListener(listener); //设置当有数据到达时唤醒监听接收线程 port.notifyOnDataAvailable(true); //设置当通信中断时唤醒中断线程 port.notifyOnBreakInterrupt(true); } }

package serialPort; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.io.IOException; import java.time.Instant; import java.time.LocalDateTime; import java.time.ZoneId; import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter; import java.util.List; import java.util.Timer; import java.util.TimerTask; import java.util.TooManyListenersException; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JComboBox; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JOptionPane; import javax.swing.JScrollPane; import javax.swing.JTextArea; import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder; import gnu.io.NoSuchPortException; import gnu.io.PortInUseException; import gnu.io.SerialPort; import gnu.io.SerialPortEvent; import gnu.io.SerialPortEventListener; import gnu.io.UnsupportedCommOperationException; /** * 监测数据显示类 * @author Zhong * */ public class SerialView extends JFrame { /** */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; //设置window的icon Toolkit toolKit = getToolkit(); Image icon = toolKit.getImage(SerialView.class.getResource("computer.png")); DateTimeFormatter df= DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS"); private JComboBox<String> commChoice; private JComboBox<String> bpsChoice; private JButton openSerialButton; private JButton sendButton; private JTextArea sendArea; private JTextArea receiveArea; private JButton closeSerialButton; private List<String> commList = null; //保存可用端口号 private SerialPort serialPort = null; //保存串口对象 /**类的构造方法 * @param client */ public SerialView() { init(); TimerTask task = new TimerTask() { @Override public void run() { commList = SerialTool.findPort(); //程序初始化时就扫描一次有效串口 //检查是否有可用串口，有则加入选项中 if (commList == null || commList.size()<1) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "没有搜索到有效串口！", "错误", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); }else{ commChoice.removeAllItems(); for (String s : commList) { commChoice.addItem(s); } } } }; Timer timer = new Timer(); timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(task, 0, 10000); listen(); } /** */ private void listen(){ //打开串口连接 openSerialButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { //获取串口名称 String commName = (String) commChoice.getSelectedItem(); //获取波特率 String bpsStr = (String) bpsChoice.getSelectedItem(); //检查串口名称是否获取正确 if (commName == null || commName.equals("")) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "没有搜索到有效串口！", "错误", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); }else { //检查波特率是否获取正确 if (bpsStr == null || bpsStr.equals("")) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "波特率获取错误！", "错误", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); }else { //串口名、波特率均获取正确时 int bps = Integer.parseInt(bpsStr); try { //获取指定端口名及波特率的串口对象 serialPort = SerialTool.openPort(commName, bps); SerialTool.addListener(serialPort, new SerialListener()); if(serialPort==null) return; //在该串口对象上添加监听器 closeSerialButton.setEnabled(true); sendButton.setEnabled(true); openSerialButton.setEnabled(false); String time=df.format(LocalDateTime.ofInstant(Instant.ofEpochMilli(System.currentTimeMillis()),ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"))); receiveArea.append(time+" ["+serialPort.getName().split("/")[3]+"] : "+" 连接成功..."+"\r\n"); receiveArea.setCaretPosition(receiveArea.getText().length()); } catch (UnsupportedCommOperationException | PortInUseException | NoSuchPortException | TooManyListenersException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } } } } }); //发送数据 sendButton.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() { @Override public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { if(!sendButton.isEnabled())return; String message= sendArea.getText(); //"FE0400030001D5C5" try { SerialTool.sendToPort(serialPort, hex2byte(message)); } catch (IOException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } } }); //关闭串口连接 closeSerialButton.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() { @Override public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { if(!closeSerialButton.isEnabled())return; SerialTool.closePort(serialPort); String time=df.format(LocalDateTime.ofInstant(Instant.ofEpochMilli(System.currentTimeMillis()),ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"))); receiveArea.append(time+" ["+serialPort.getName().split("/")[3]+"] : "+" 断开连接"+"\r\n"); receiveArea.setCaretPosition(receiveArea.getText().length()); openSerialButton.setEnabled(true); closeSerialButton.setEnabled(false); sendButton.setEnabled(false); } }); } /** * 主菜单窗口显示； * 添加JLabel、按钮、下拉条及相关事件监听； */ private void init() { this.setBounds(WellcomView.LOC_X, WellcomView.LOC_Y, WellcomView.WIDTH, WellcomView.HEIGHT); this.setTitle("串口调试"); this.setIconImage(icon); this.setBackground(Color.gray); this.setLayout(null); Font font =new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 16); receiveArea=new JTextArea(18, 30); receiveArea.setEditable(false); JScrollPane receiveScroll = new JScrollPane(receiveArea); receiveScroll.setBorder(new TitledBorder("接收区")); //滚动条自动出现 FE0400030001D5C5 receiveScroll.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy( JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED); receiveScroll.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy( JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_AS_NEEDED); receiveScroll.setBounds(52, 20, 680,340); this.add(receiveScroll); JLabel chuankou=new JLabel(" 串口选择： "); chuankou.setFont(font); chuankou.setBounds(50, 380, 100,50); this.add(chuankou); JLabel botelv=new JLabel(" 波特率： "); botelv.setFont(font); botelv.setBounds(290, 380, 100,50); this.add(botelv); //添加串口选择选项 commChoice = new JComboBox<String>(); //串口选择（下拉框） commChoice.setBounds(145, 390, 100, 30); this.add(commChoice); //添加波特率选项 bpsChoice = new JComboBox<String>(); //波特率选择 bpsChoice.setBounds(380, 390, 100, 30); bpsChoice.addItem("1500"); bpsChoice.addItem("2400"); bpsChoice.addItem("4800"); bpsChoice.addItem("9600"); bpsChoice.addItem("14400"); bpsChoice.addItem("19500"); bpsChoice.addItem("115500"); this.add(bpsChoice); //添加打开串口按钮 openSerialButton = new JButton("连接"); openSerialButton.setBounds(540, 390, 80, 30); openSerialButton.setFont(font); openSerialButton.setForeground(Color.darkGray); this.add(openSerialButton); //添加关闭串口按钮 closeSerialButton = new JButton("关闭"); closeSerialButton.setEnabled(false); closeSerialButton.setBounds(650, 390, 80, 30); closeSerialButton.setFont(font); closeSerialButton.setForeground(Color.darkGray); this.add(closeSerialButton); sendArea=new JTextArea(30,20); JScrollPane sendScroll = new JScrollPane(sendArea); sendScroll.setBorder(new TitledBorder("发送区")); //滚动条自动出现 sendScroll.setHorizontalScrollBarPolicy( JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS); sendScroll.setVerticalScrollBarPolicy( JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS); sendScroll.setBounds(52, 450, 500,100); this.add(sendScroll); sendButton = new JButton("发送"); sendButton.setBounds(610, 520, 120, 30); sendButton.setFont(font); sendButton.setForeground(Color.darkGray); sendButton.setEnabled(false); this.add(sendButton); this.setResizable(false); //窗口大小不可更改 this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); this.setVisible(true); } /**字符串转16进制 * @param hex * @return */ private byte[] hex2byte(String hex) { String digital = "0123456789ABCDEF"; String hex1 = hex.replace(" ", ""); char[] hex2char = hex1.toCharArray(); byte[] bytes = new byte[hex1.length() / 2]; byte temp; for (int p = 0; p < bytes.length; p++) { temp = (byte) (digital.indexOf(hex2char[2 * p]) * 16); temp += digital.indexOf(hex2char[2 * p + 1]); bytes[p] = (byte) (temp & 0xff); } return bytes; } /**字节数组转16进制 * @param b * @return */ private String printHexString(byte[] b) { StringBuffer sbf=new StringBuffer(); for (int i = 0; i < b.length; i++) { String hex = Integer.toHexString(b[i] & 0xFF); if (hex.length() == 1) { hex = '0' + hex; } sbf.append(hex.toUpperCase()+" "); } return sbf.toString().trim(); } /** * 以内部类形式创建一个串口监听类 * @author zhong */ class SerialListener implements SerialPortEventListener { /** * 处理监控到的串口事件 */ public void serialEvent(SerialPortEvent serialPortEvent) { switch (serialPortEvent.getEventType()) { case SerialPortEvent.BI: // 10 通讯中断 JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "与串口设备通讯中断", "错误", JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE); break; case SerialPortEvent.OE: // 7 溢位（溢出）错误 break; case SerialPortEvent.FE: // 9 帧错误 break; case SerialPortEvent.PE: // 8 奇偶校验错误 break; case SerialPortEvent.CD: // 6 载波检测 break; case SerialPortEvent.CTS: // 3 清除待发送数据 break; case SerialPortEvent.DSR: // 4 待发送数据准备好了 break; case SerialPortEvent.RI: // 5 振铃指示 break; case SerialPortEvent.OUTPUT_BUFFER_EMPTY: // 2 输出缓冲区已清空 break; case SerialPortEvent.DATA_AVAILABLE: // 1 串口存在可用数据 String time=df.format(LocalDateTime.ofInstant(Instant.ofEpochMilli(System.currentTimeMillis()),ZoneId.of("Asia/Shanghai"))); byte[] data;//FE0400030001D5C5 try { data = SerialTool.readFromPort(serialPort); receiveArea.append(time+" ["+serialPort.getName().split("/")[3]+"] : "+ printHexString(data)+"\r\n"); receiveArea.setCaretPosition(receiveArea.getText().length()); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } break; default: break; } } } }

package serialPort; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Font; import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; /** * @author bh * 如果运行过程中抛出 java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError 错误， * 请将rxtx解压包中的 rxtxParallel.dll，rxtxSerial.dll 这两个文件复制到 C:\Windows\System32 目录下即可解决该错误。 */ public class WellcomView { /** 程序界面宽度*/ public static final int WIDTH = 800; /** 程序界面高度*/ public static final int HEIGHT = 620; /** 程序界面出现位置（横坐标） */ public static final int LOC_X = 200; /** 程序界面出现位置（纵坐标）*/ public static final int LOC_Y = 70; private JFrame jFrame; /**主方法 * @param args // */ public static void main(String[] args) { new WellcomView(); } public WellcomView() { init(); listen(); } /** */ private void listen() { //添加键盘监听器 jFrame.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() { public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { int keyCode = e.getKeyCode(); if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) { //当监听到用户敲击键盘enter键后执行下面的操作 jFrame.setVisible(false); //隐去欢迎界面 new SerialView(); //主界面类（显示监控数据主面板） } } }); } /** * 显示主界面 */ private void init() { jFrame=new JFrame("串口调试"); jFrame.setBounds(LOC_X, LOC_Y, WIDTH, HEIGHT); //设定程序在桌面出现的位置 jFrame.setLayout(null); //设置window的icon（这里我自定义了一下Windows窗口的icon图标，因为实在觉得哪个小咖啡图标不好看 = =） Toolkit toolKit = jFrame.getToolkit(); Image icon = toolKit.getImage(WellcomView.class.getResource("computer.png")); jFrame.setIconImage(icon); jFrame.setBackground(Color.white); //设置背景色 JLabel huanyin=new JLabel("欢迎使用串口调试工具"); huanyin.setBounds(170, 80,600,50); huanyin.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40)); jFrame.add(huanyin); JLabel banben=new JLabel("Version：1.0 Powered By：cyq"); banben.setBounds(180, 390,500,50); banben.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.ITALIC, 26)); jFrame.add(banben); JLabel enter=new JLabel("————点击Enter键进入主界面————"); enter.setBounds(100, 480,600,50); enter.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 30)); jFrame.add(enter); jFrame.setResizable(false); //窗口大小不可更改 jFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); jFrame.setVisible(true); //显示窗口 } }

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