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这期内容当中小编将会给大家带来有关使用java怎么对elasticsearch进行操作，文章内容丰富且以专业的角度为大家分析和叙述，阅读完这篇文章希望大家可以有所收获。
Java操作es集群步骤1：配置集群对象信息；2：创建客户端；3：查看集群信息
1：集群名称
默认集群名为elasticsearch，如果集群名称和指定的不一致则在使用节点资源时会报错。
2：嗅探功能
通过client.transport.sniff启动嗅探功能，这样只需要指定集群中的某一个节点(不一定是主节点)，然后会加载集群中的其他节点，这样只要程序不停即使此节点宕机仍然可以连接到其他节点。
3：查询类型SearchType.QUERY_THEN_FETCH
es 查询共有4种查询类型
QUERY_AND_FETCH:
主节点将查询请求分发到所有的分片中，各个分片按照自己的查询规则即词频文档频率进行打分排序，然后将结果返回给主节点，主节点对所有数据进行汇总排序然后再返回给客户端，此种方式只需要和es交互一次。
这种查询方式存在数据量和排序问题，主节点会汇总所有分片返回的数据这样数据量会比较大，二是各个分片上的规则可能不一致。
QUERY_THEN_FETCH:
主节点将请求分发给所有分片，各个分片打分排序后将数据的id和分值返回给主节点，主节点收到后进行汇总排序再根据排序后的id到对应的节点读取对应的数据再返回给客户端，此种方式需要和es交互两次。
这种方式解决了数据量问题但是排序问题依然存在而且是es的默认查询方式
DEF_QUERY_AND_FETCH: 和 DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH:
将各个分片的规则统一起来进行打分。解决了排序问题但是DFS_QUERY_AND_FETCH仍然存在数据量问题，DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH两种噢乖你问题都解决但是效率是最差的。
1, 获取client, 两种方式获取
@Before
public void before() throws Exception {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk");
Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder().put(map);
client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), Integer.parseInt("9300")));
}@Before
public void before11() throws Exception {
// 创建客户端, 使用的默认集群名, "elasticSearch"
// client = TransportClient.builder().build()
// .addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), 9300));
// 通过setting对象指定集群配置信息, 配置的集群名
Settings settings = Settings.settingsBuilder().put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk") // 设置集群名
// .put("client.transport.sniff", true) // 开启嗅探 , 开启后会一直连接不上, 原因未知
// .put("network.host", "192.168.50.37")
.put("client.transport.ignore_cluster_name", true) // 忽略集群名字验证, 打开后集群名字不对也能连接上
// .put("client.transport.nodes_sampler_interval", 5) //报错,
// .put("client.transport.ping_timeout", 5) // 报错, ping等待时间,
.build();
client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.50.37", 9300)));
// 默认5s
// 多久打开连接, 默认5s
System.out.println("success connect");
}PS: 官网给的2种方式都不能用, 需要合起来才能用, 浪费老子一下午...
其他参数的意义:
代码:
package com.wenbronk.javaes;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BackoffPolicy;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkProcessor.Listener;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.bulk.BulkResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.delete.DeleteResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.GetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.MultiGetItemResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.get.MultiGetResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.index.IndexResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateRequest;
import org.elasticsearch.action.update.UpdateResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.cluster.node.DiscoveryNode;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeUnit;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.ByteSizeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.xcontent.XContentFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.script.Script;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
/**
* 使用java API操作elasticSearch
*
* @author 231
*
*/
public class JavaESTest {
private TransportClient client;
private IndexRequest source;
/**
* 获取连接, 第一种方式
* @throws Exception
*/
// @Before
public void before() throws Exception {
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
map.put("cluster.name", "elasticsearch_wenbronk");
Settings.Builder settings = Settings.builder().put(map);
client = TransportClient.builder().settings(settings).build()
.addTransportAddress(new InetSocketTransportAddress(InetAddress.getByName("www.wenbronk.com"), Integer.parseInt("9300")));
}
/**
* 查看集群信息
*/
@Test
public void testInfo() {
List<DiscoveryNode> nodes = client.connectedNodes();
for (DiscoveryNode node : nodes) {
System.out.println(node.getHostAddress());
}
}
/**
* 组织json串, 方式1,直接拼接
*/
public String createJson1() {
String json = "{" +
"\"user\":\"kimchy\"," +
"\"postDate\":\"2013-01-30\"," +
"\"message\":\"trying out Elasticsearch\"" +
"}";
return json;
}
/**
* 使用map创建json
*/
public Map<String, Object> createJson2() {
Map<String,Object> json = new HashMap<String, Object>();
json.put("user", "kimchy");
json.put("postDate", new Date());
json.put("message", "trying out elasticsearch");
return json;
}
/**
* 使用fastjson创建
*/
public JSONObject createJson3() {
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
json.put("user", "kimchy");
json.put("postDate", new Date());
json.put("message", "trying out elasticsearch");
return json;
}
/**
* 使用es的帮助类
*/
public XContentBuilder createJson4() throws Exception {
// 创建json对象, 其中一个创建json的方式
XContentBuilder source = XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("user", "kimchy")
.field("postDate", new Date())
.field("message", "trying to out ElasticSearch")
.endObject();
return source;
}
/**
* 存入索引中
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void test1() throws Exception {
XContentBuilder source = createJson4();
// 存json入索引中
IndexResponse response = client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1").setSource(source).get();
// // 结果获取
String index = response.getIndex();
String type = response.getType();
String id = response.getId();
long version = response.getVersion();
boolean created = response.isCreated();
System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version + ": " + created);
}
/**
* get API 获取指定文档信息
*/
@Test
public void testGet() {
// GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("twitter", "tweet", "1")
// .get();
GetResponse response = client.prepareGet("twitter", "tweet", "1")
.setOperationThreaded(false) // 线程安全
.get();
System.out.println(response.getSourceAsString());
}
/**
* 测试 delete api
*/
@Test
public void testDelete() {
DeleteResponse response = client.prepareDelete("twitter", "tweet", "1")
.get();
String index = response.getIndex();
String type = response.getType();
String id = response.getId();
long version = response.getVersion();
System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version);
}
/**
* 测试更新 update API
* 使用 updateRequest 对象
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testUpdate() throws Exception {
UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest();
updateRequest.index("twitter");
updateRequest.type("tweet");
updateRequest.id("1");
updateRequest.doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
// 对没有的字段添加, 对已有的字段替换
.field("gender", "male")
.field("message", "hello")
.endObject());
UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();
// 打印
String index = response.getIndex();
String type = response.getType();
String id = response.getId();
long version = response.getVersion();
System.out.println(index + " : " + type + ": " + id + ": " + version);
}
/**
* 测试update api, 使用client
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testUpdate2() throws Exception {
// 使用Script对象进行更新
// UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("twitter", "tweet", "1")
// .setScript(new Script("hits._source.gender = \"male\""))
// .get();
// 使用XContFactory.jsonBuilder() 进行更新
// UpdateResponse response = client.prepareUpdate("twitter", "tweet", "1")
// .setDoc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
// .startObject()
// .field("gender", "malelelele")
// .endObject()).get();
// 使用updateRequest对象及script
// UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
// .script(new Script("ctx._source.gender=\"male\""));
// UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();
// 使用updateRequest对象及documents进行更新
UpdateResponse response = client.update(new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
.doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("gender", "male")
.endObject()
)).get();
System.out.println(response.getIndex());
}
/**
* 测试update
* 使用updateRequest
* @throws Exception
* @throws InterruptedException
*/
@Test
public void testUpdate3() throws InterruptedException, Exception {
UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1")
.script(new Script("ctx._source.gender=\"male\""));
UpdateResponse response = client.update(updateRequest).get();
}
/**
* 测试upsert方法
* @throws Exception
*
*/
@Test
public void testUpsert() throws Exception {
// 设置查询条件, 查找不到则添加生效
IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2")
.source(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("name", "214")
.field("gender", "gfrerq")
.endObject());
// 设置更新, 查找到更新下面的设置
UpdateRequest upsert = new UpdateRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2")
.doc(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("user", "wenbronk")
.endObject())
.upsert(indexRequest);
client.update(upsert).get();
}
/**
* 测试multi get api
* 从不同的index, type, 和id中获取
*/
@Test
public void testMultiGet() {
MultiGetResponse multiGetResponse = client.prepareMultiGet()
.add("twitter", "tweet", "1")
.add("twitter", "tweet", "2", "3", "4")
.add("anothoer", "type", "foo")
.get();
for (MultiGetItemResponse itemResponse : multiGetResponse) {
GetResponse response = itemResponse.getResponse();
if (response.isExists()) {
String sourceAsString = response.getSourceAsString();
System.out.println(sourceAsString);
}
}
}
/**
* bulk 批量执行
* 一次查询可以update 或 delete多个document
*/
@Test
public void testBulk() throws Exception {
BulkRequestBuilder bulkRequest = client.prepareBulk();
bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "1")
.setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("user", "kimchy")
.field("postDate", new Date())
.field("message", "trying out Elasticsearch")
.endObject()));
bulkRequest.add(client.prepareIndex("twitter", "tweet", "2")
.setSource(XContentFactory.jsonBuilder()
.startObject()
.field("user", "kimchy")
.field("postDate", new Date())
.field("message", "another post")
.endObject()));
BulkResponse response = bulkRequest.get();
System.out.println(response.getHeaders());
}
/**
* 使用bulk processor
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testBulkProcessor() throws Exception {
// 创建BulkPorcessor对象
BulkProcessor bulkProcessor = BulkProcessor.builder(client, new Listener() {
public void beforeBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
// 执行出错时执行
public void afterBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest, Throwable paramThrowable) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
public void afterBulk(long paramLong, BulkRequest paramBulkRequest, BulkResponse paramBulkResponse) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
})
// 1w次请求执行一次bulk
.setBulkActions(10000)
// 1gb的数据刷新一次bulk
.setBulkSize(new ByteSizeValue(1, ByteSizeUnit.GB))
// 固定5s必须刷新一次
.setFlushInterval(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(5))
// 并发请求数量, 0不并发, 1并发允许执行
.setConcurrentRequests(1)
// 设置退避, 100ms后执行, 最大请求3次
.setBackoffPolicy(
BackoffPolicy.exponentialBackoff(TimeValue.timeValueMillis(100), 3))
.build();
// 添加单次请求
bulkProcessor.add(new IndexRequest("twitter", "tweet", "1"));
bulkProcessor.add(new DeleteRequest("twitter", "tweet", "2"));
// 关闭
bulkProcessor.awaitClose(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
// 或者
bulkProcessor.close();
}
}tes2代码:
package com.wenbronk.javaes;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import org.apache.lucene.queryparser.xml.FilterBuilderFactory;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.MultiSearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchRequestBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchResponse;
import org.elasticsearch.action.search.SearchType;
import org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings;
import org.elasticsearch.common.settings.Settings.Builder;
import org.elasticsearch.common.transport.InetSocketTransportAddress;
import org.elasticsearch.common.unit.TimeValue;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilder;
import org.elasticsearch.index.query.QueryBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.SearchHit;
import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.Aggregation;
import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.AggregationBuilders;
import org.elasticsearch.search.aggregations.bucket.histogram.DateHistogramInterval;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortOrder;
import org.elasticsearch.search.sort.SortParseElement;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
/**
* 使用java API操作elasticSearch
* search API
* @author 231
*
*/
public class JavaESTest2 {
private TransportClient client;
/**
* 获取client对象
*/
@Before
public void testBefore() {
Builder builder = Settings.settingsBuilder();
builder.put("cluster.name", "wenbronk_escluster");
// .put("client.transport.ignore_cluster_name", true);
Settings settings = builder.build();
org.elasticsearch.client.transport.TransportClient.Builder transportBuild = TransportClient.builder();
TransportClient client1 = transportBuild.settings(settings).build();
client = client1.addTransportAddress((new InetSocketTransportAddress(new InetSocketAddress("192.168.50.37", 9300))));
System.out.println("success connect to escluster");
}
/**
* 测试查询
*/
@Test
public void testSearch() {
// SearchRequestBuilder searchRequestBuilder = client.prepareSearch("twitter", "tweet", "1");
// SearchResponse response = searchRequestBuilder.setTypes("type1", "type2")
// .setSearchType(SearchType.DFS_QUERY_THEN_FETCH)
// .setQuery(QueryBuilders.termQuery("user", "test"))
// .setPostFilter(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(0).to(1))
// .setFrom(0).setSize(2).setExplain(true)
// .execute().actionGet();
SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch()
.execute().actionGet();
// SearchHits hits = response.getHits();
// for (SearchHit searchHit : hits) {
// for(Iterator<SearchHitField> iterator = searchHit.iterator(); iterator.hasNext(); ) {
// SearchHitField next = iterator.next();
// System.out.println(next.getValues());
// }
// }
System.out.println(response);
}
/**
* 测试scroll api
* 对大量数据的处理更有效
*/
@Test
public void testScrolls() {
QueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.termQuery("twitter", "tweet");
SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter")
.addSort(SortParseElement.DOC_FIELD_NAME, SortOrder.ASC)
.setScroll(new TimeValue(60000))
.setQuery(queryBuilder)
.setSize(100).execute().actionGet();
while(true) {
for (SearchHit hit : response.getHits().getHits()) {
System.out.println("i am coming");
}
SearchResponse response2 = client.prepareSearchScroll(response.getScrollId())
.setScroll(new TimeValue(60000)).execute().actionGet();
if (response2.getHits().getHits().length == 0) {
System.out.println("oh no=====");
break;
}
}
}
/**
* 测试multiSearch
*/
@Test
public void testMultiSearch() {
QueryBuilder qb1 = QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("elasticsearch");
SearchRequestBuilder requestBuilder1 = client.prepareSearch().setQuery(qb1).setSize(1);
QueryBuilder qb2 = QueryBuilders.matchQuery("user", "kimchy");
SearchRequestBuilder requestBuilder2 = client.prepareSearch().setQuery(qb2).setSize(1);
MultiSearchResponse multiResponse = client.prepareMultiSearch().add(requestBuilder1).add(requestBuilder2)
.execute().actionGet();
long nbHits = 0;
for (MultiSearchResponse.Item item : multiResponse.getResponses()) {
SearchResponse response = item.getResponse();
nbHits = response.getHits().getTotalHits();
SearchHit[] hits = response.getHits().getHits();
System.out.println(nbHits);
}
}
/**
* 测试聚合查询
*/
@Test
public void testAggregation() {
SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch()
.setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()) // 先使用query过滤掉一部分
.addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.terms("term").field("user"))
.addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.dateHistogram("agg2").field("birth")
.interval(DateHistogramInterval.YEAR))
.execute().actionGet();
Aggregation aggregation2 = response.getAggregations().get("term");
Aggregation aggregation = response.getAggregations().get("agg2");
// SearchResponse response2 = client.search(new SearchRequest().searchType(SearchType.QUERY_AND_FETCH)).actionGet();
}
/**
* 测试terminate
*/
@Test
public void testTerminateAfter() {
SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter").setTerminateAfter(1000).get();
if (response.isTerminatedEarly()) {
System.out.println("ternimate");
}
}
/**
* 过滤查询: 大于gt, 小于lt, 小于等于lte, 大于等于gte
*/
@Test
public void testFilter() {
SearchResponse response = client.prepareSearch("twitter")
.setTypes("")
.setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery()) //查询所有
.setSearchType(SearchType.QUERY_THEN_FETCH)
// .setPostFilter(FilterBuilders.rangeFilter("age").from(0).to(19)
// .includeLower(true).includeUpper(true))
// .setPostFilter(FilterBuilderFactory .rangeFilter("age").gte(18).lte(22))
.setExplain(true) //explain为true表示根据数据相关度排序，和关键字匹配最高的排在前面
.get();
}
/**
* 分组查询
*/
@Test
public void testGroupBy() {
client.prepareSearch("twitter").setTypes("tweet")
.setQuery(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery())
.setSearchType(SearchType.QUERY_THEN_FETCH)
.addAggregation(AggregationBuilders.terms("user")
.field("user").size(0) // 根据user进行分组
// size(0) 也是10
).get();
}
}上述就是小编为大家分享的使用java怎么对elasticsearch进行操作了，如果刚好有类似的疑惑，不妨参照上述分析进行理解。如果想知道更多相关知识，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道。
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