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这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关Android 中怎么利用Notification弹出通知，文章内容质量较高，因此小编分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后对相关知识有一定的了解。
NotificationManager 是状态栏通知的管理类，负责发通知、清除通知等操作。
NotificationManager 是一个系统Service，可通过getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE)方法来获取
//第一步：实例化通知栏构造器Notification.Builder：
Notification.Builder builder =new Notification.Builder(MainActivity.this);//实例化通知栏构造器Notification.Builder，参数必填（Context类型），为创建实例的上下文
//第二步：获取状态通知栏管理：
NotificationManager mNotifyMgr = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);//获取状态栏通知的管理类（负责发通知、清除通知等操作）
//第三步：设置通知栏PendingIntent（点击动作事件等都包含在这里）:
Intent push =new Intent(MainActivity.this,MainActivity.class);//新建一个显式意图，第一个参数 Context 的解释是用于获得 package name，以便找到第二个参数 Class 的位置
//PendingIntent可以看做是对Intent的包装，通过名称可以看出PendingIntent用于处理即将发生的意图，而Intent用来用来处理马上发生的意图
//本程序用来响应点击通知的打开应用,第二个参数非常重要，点击notification 进入到activity, 使用到pendingIntent类方法，PengdingIntent.getActivity()的第二个参数，即请求参数，实际上是通过该参数来区别不同的Intent的，如果id相同，就会覆盖掉之前的Intent了
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this,0,push,0);
//第四步：对Builder进行配置：
builder
.setContentTitle("My notification")//标题
.setContentText("Hello World!")// 详细内容
.setContentIntent(contentIntent)//设置点击意图
.setTicker("New message")//第一次推送，角标旁边显示的内容
.setLargeIcon(BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(),R.drawable.ic_launcher))//设置大图标
.setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_ALL);//打开呼吸灯，声音，震动，触发系统默认行为
/*Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE //添加默认震动提醒 需要VIBRATE permission
Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND //添加默认声音提醒
Notification.DEFAULT_LIGHTS//添加默认三色灯提醒
Notification.DEFAULT_ALL//添加默认以上3种全部提醒*/
//.setLights(Color.YELLOW, 300, 0)//单独设置呼吸灯，一般三种颜色：红，绿，蓝，经测试，小米支持黄色
//.setSound(url)//单独设置声音
//.setVibrate(new long[] { 100, 250, 100, 250, 100, 250 })//单独设置震动
//比较手机sdk版本与Android 5.0 Lollipop的sdk
if(android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {
builder
/*android5.0加入了一种新的模式Notification的显示等级，共有三种：
VISIBILITY_PUBLIC只有在没有锁屏时会显示通知
VISIBILITY_PRIVATE任何情况都会显示通知
VISIBILITY_SECRET在安全锁和没有锁屏的情况下显示通知*/
.setVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PUBLIC)
.setPriority(Notification.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)//设置该通知优先级
.setCategory(Notification.CATEGORY_MESSAGE)//设置通知类别
//.setColor(context.getResources().getColor(R.color.small_icon_bg_color))//设置smallIcon的背景色
.setFullScreenIntent(contentIntent, true)//将Notification变为悬挂式Notification
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);//设置小图标
}
else{
builder
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);//设置小图标
}
//第五步：发送通知请求：
Notification notify = builder.build();//得到一个Notification对象
mNotifyMgr.notify(1,notify);//发送通知请求
}但上面的做法并不能在android5.0以下的设备上使通知弹出,因此下面的做法是自己重写Notification(网上查找的一些资料,来源忘记了,不好意思)
如果需要使通知自动显示,那么就需要我们在接收到通知后重新定义通知的界面,并使其加载显示在Window界面上,这点需要读者了解Window的加载机制.
其实简单点来说,就是通过windowManager的仅有的三个方法(加载,更新,删除)来实现的.如果有大神熟悉这方面的知识可以分享分享.
自定义Notification的思路:
1.继承重写NotificationCompat,Builder来实现类似的Notification
2.自定义通知界面
3.自定义NotificationManager,发送显示通知
废话不多说，先上主要代码：
public class HeadsUp {
private Context context;
/**
* 出现时间 单位是 second
*/
private long duration= 3;
/**
*
*/
private Notification notification;
private Builder builder;
private boolean isSticky=false;
private boolean activateStatusBar=true;
private Notification silencerNotification;
/**
* 间隔时间
*/
private int code;
private CharSequence titleStr;
private CharSequence msgStr;
private int icon;
private View customView;
private boolean isExpand;
private HeadsUp(Context context) {
this.context=context;
}
public static class Builder extends NotificationCompat.Builder {
private HeadsUp headsUp;
public Builder(Context context) {
super(context);
headsUp=new HeadsUp(context);
}
public Builder setContentTitle(CharSequence title) {
headsUp.setTitle(title);
super.setContentTitle(title); //状态栏显示内容
return this;
}
public Builder setContentText(CharSequence text) {
headsUp.setMessage(text);
super.setContentText(text);
return this;
}
public Builder setSmallIcon(int icon) {
headsUp.setIcon(icon);
super.setSmallIcon(icon);
return this;
}
public HeadsUp buildHeadUp(){
headsUp.setNotification(this.build());
headsUp.setBuilder(this);
return headsUp;
}
public Builder setSticky(boolean isSticky){
headsUp.setSticky(isSticky);
return this;
}
}
public Context getContext() {
return context;
}
public long getDuration() {
return duration;
}
public Notification getNotification() {
return notification;
}
protected void setNotification(Notification notification) {
this.notification = notification;
}
public View getCustomView() {
return customView;
}
public void setCustomView(View customView) {
this.customView = customView;
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
protected void setCode(int code) {
this.code = code;
}
protected Builder getBuilder() {
return builder;
}
private void setBuilder(Builder builder) {
this.builder = builder;
}
public boolean isSticky() {
return isSticky;
}
public void setSticky(boolean isSticky) {
this.isSticky = isSticky;
}
}public class HeadsUpManager {
private WindowManager wmOne;
private FloatView floatView;
private Queue<HeadsUp> msgQueue;
private static HeadsUpManager manager;
private Context context;
private boolean isPolling = false;
private Map<Integer, HeadsUp> map;
private NotificationManager notificationManager=null;
public static HeadsUpManager getInstant(Context c) {
if (manager == null) {
manager = new HeadsUpManager(c);
}
return manager;
}
private HeadsUpManager(Context context) {
this.context = context;
map = new HashMap<Integer, HeadsUp>();
msgQueue = new LinkedList<HeadsUp>();
wmOne = (WindowManager) context
.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);
notificationManager= (NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
}
public void notify(HeadsUp headsUp) {
if (map.containsKey(headsUp.getCode())) {
msgQueue.remove(map.get(headsUp.getCode()));
}
map.put(headsUp.getCode(), headsUp);
msgQueue.add(headsUp);
if (!isPolling) {
poll();
}
}
public synchronized void notify(int code,HeadsUp headsUp) {
headsUp.setCode(code);
notify(headsUp);
}
public synchronized void cancel(HeadsUp headsUp) {
cancel(headsUp.getCode());
}
private synchronized void poll() {
if (!msgQueue.isEmpty()) {
HeadsUp headsUp = msgQueue.poll();
map.remove(headsUp.getCode());
// if ( Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 21 || headsUp.getCustomView() != null ){
isPolling = true;
show(headsUp);
System.out.println("自定义notification");
// }else {
// //当 系统是 lollipop 以上,并且没有自定义布局以后,调用系统自己的 notification
// isPolling = false;
// notificationManager.notify(headsUp.getCode(),headsUp.getBuilder().setSmallIcon(headsUp.getIcon()).build());
// System.out.println("调用系统notification");
// }
} else {
isPolling = false;
}
}
private void show(HeadsUp headsUp) {
floatView = new FloatView(context, 20);
WindowManager.LayoutParams params = FloatView.winParams;
params.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL
| WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE
|WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN
| WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN;
params.type = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_ERROR;
params.width = WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT;
params.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
params.format = -3;
params.gravity = Gravity.CENTER | Gravity.TOP;
params.x = floatView.originalLeft;
params.y = 10;
params.alpha = 1f;
wmOne.addView(floatView, params);
ObjectAnimator a = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(floatView.rootView, "translationY", -700, 0);
a.setDuration(600);
a.start();
floatView.setNotification(headsUp);
if(headsUp.getNotification()!=null){
notificationManager.notify(headsUp.getCode(), headsUp.getNotification());
}
}
public void cancel(){
if(floatView !=null && floatView.getParent()!=null) {
floatView.cancel();
}
}
protected void dismiss() {
if (floatView.getParent()!=null) {
wmOne.removeView(floatView);
floatView.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
poll();
}
}, 200);
}
}
protected void animDismiss(){
if(floatView !=null && floatView.getParent()!=null){
ObjectAnimator a = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(floatView.rootView, "translationY", 0, -700);
a.setDuration(700);
a.start();
a.addListener(new Animator.AnimatorListener() {
@Override
public void onAnimationStart(Animator animator) {
}
@Override
public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animator) {
dismiss();
}
@Override
public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animator) {
}
@Override
public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animator) {
}
});
}
}
protected void animDismiss(HeadsUp headsUp){
if(floatView.getHeadsUp().getCode()==headsUp.getCode()){
animDismiss();
}
}
public void cancel(int code) {
if (map.containsKey(code)) {
msgQueue.remove(map.get(code));
}
if(floatView!=null && floatView.getHeadsUp().getCode()==code){
animDismiss();
}
}
public void close() {
cancelAll();
manager = null;
}
public void cancelAll() {
msgQueue.clear();
if (floatView!=null && floatView.getParent()!=null) {
animDismiss();
}
}
}public class FloatView extends LinearLayout {
private float rawX = 0;
private float rawY=0;
private float touchX = 0;
private float startY = 0;
public LinearLayout rootView;
public int originalLeft;
public int viewWidth;
private float validWidth;
private VelocityTracker velocityTracker;
private int maxVelocity;
private Distance distance;
private ScrollOrientationEnum scrollOrientationEnum=ScrollOrientationEnum.NONE;
public static WindowManager.LayoutParams winParams = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
public FloatView(final Context context, int i) {
super(context);
LinearLayout view = (LinearLayout) LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.notification_bg, null);
maxVelocity= ViewConfiguration.get(context).getScaledMaximumFlingVelocity();
rootView = (LinearLayout) view.findViewById(R.id.rootView);
addView(view);
viewWidth = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels;
validWidth=viewWidth/2.0f;
originalLeft = 0;
}
public void setCustomView(View view) {
rootView.addView(view);
}
@Override
protected void onFinishInflate() {
super.onFinishInflate();
}
private HeadsUp headsUp;
private long cutDown;
private Handler mHandle=null;
private CutDownTime cutDownTime;
private class CutDownTime extends Thread{
@Override
public void run() {
super.run();
while (cutDown>0){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
cutDown--;
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(cutDown==0) {
mHandle.sendEmptyMessage(0);
}
}
};
public HeadsUp getHeadsUp() {
return headsUp;
}
private int pointerId;
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
rawX = event.getRawX();
rawY=event.getRawY();
acquireVelocityTracker(event);
cutDown= headsUp.getDuration();
switch (event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
touchX = event.getX();
startY = event.getRawY();
pointerId=event.getPointerId(0);
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
switch (scrollOrientationEnum){
case NONE:
if(Math.abs((rawX - touchX))>20) {
scrollOrientationEnum=ScrollOrientationEnum.HORIZONTAL;
}else if(startY-rawY>20){
scrollOrientationEnum=ScrollOrientationEnum.VERTICAL;
}
break;
case HORIZONTAL:
updatePosition((int) (rawX - touchX));
break;
case VERTICAL:
if(startY-rawY>20) {
cancel();
}
break;
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
velocityTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(1000,maxVelocity);
int dis= (int) velocityTracker.getYVelocity(pointerId);
if(scrollOrientationEnum==ScrollOrientationEnum.NONE){
if(headsUp.getNotification().contentIntent!=null){
try {
headsUp.getNotification().contentIntent.send();
cancel();
} catch (PendingIntent.CanceledException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
break;
}
int toX;
if(preLeft>0){
toX= (int) (preLeft+Math.abs(dis));
}else{
toX= (int) (preLeft-Math.abs(dis));
}
if (toX <= -validWidth) {
float preAlpha=1-Math.abs(preLeft)/validWidth;
preAlpha=preAlpha>=0?preAlpha:0;
translationX(preLeft,-(validWidth+10),preAlpha,0);
} else if (toX <= validWidth) {
float preAlpha=1-Math.abs(preLeft)/validWidth;
preAlpha=preAlpha>=0?preAlpha:0;
translationX(preLeft,0,preAlpha,1);
}else{
float preAlpha=1-Math.abs(preLeft)/validWidth;
preAlpha=preAlpha>=0?preAlpha:0;
translationX(preLeft, validWidth + 10, preAlpha, 0);
}
preLeft = 0;
scrollOrientationEnum=ScrollOrientationEnum.NONE;
break;
}
return super.onTouchEvent(event);
}
/**
*
* @param event 向VelocityTracker添加MotionEvent
*
* @see android.view.VelocityTracker#obtain()
* @see android.view.VelocityTracker#addMovement(MotionEvent)
*/
private void acquireVelocityTracker( MotionEvent event) {
if(null == velocityTracker) {
velocityTracker = VelocityTracker.obtain();
}
velocityTracker.addMovement(event);
}
private int preLeft;
public void updatePosition(int left) {
float preAlpha=1-Math.abs(preLeft)/validWidth;
float leftAlpha=1-Math.abs(left)/validWidth;
preAlpha = preAlpha>=0 ? preAlpha : 0;
leftAlpha = leftAlpha>=0 ? leftAlpha : 0;
translationX(preLeft,left,preAlpha,leftAlpha);
preLeft = left;
}
public void translationX(float fromX,float toX,float formAlpha, final float toAlpha ){
ObjectAnimator a1=ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(rootView,"alpha",formAlpha,toAlpha);
ObjectAnimator a2 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(rootView, "translationX", fromX, toX);
AnimatorSet animatorSet=new AnimatorSet();
animatorSet.playTogether(a1,a2);
animatorSet.addListener(new Animator.AnimatorListener() {
@Override
public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation) {
}
@Override
public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
if(toAlpha==0){
HeadsUpManager.getInstant(getContext()).dismiss();
cutDown=-1;
if(velocityTracker!=null) {
velocityTracker.clear();
try {
velocityTracker.recycle();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animation) {
}
@Override
public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animation) {
}
});
animatorSet.start();
}
public void setNotification(final HeadsUp headsUp) {
this.headsUp = headsUp;
mHandle= new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
super.handleMessage(msg);
HeadsUpManager.getInstant(getContext()).animDismiss(headsUp);
}
};
cutDownTime= new CutDownTime();
if(!headsUp.isSticky()){
cutDownTime.start();
}
cutDown= headsUp.getDuration();
if (headsUp.getCustomView() == null) {
View defaultView = LayoutInflater.from(getContext()).inflate(R.layout.notification, rootView, false);
rootView.addView(defaultView);
ImageView imageView = (ImageView) defaultView.findViewById(R.id.iconIM);
TextView titleTV = (TextView) defaultView.findViewById(R.id.titleTV);
TextView timeTV = (TextView) defaultView.findViewById(R.id.timeTV);
TextView messageTV = (TextView) defaultView.findViewById(R.id.messageTV);
imageView.setImageResource(headsUp.getIcon());
titleTV.setText(headsUp.getTitleStr());
messageTV.setText(headsUp.getMsgStr());
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat=new SimpleDateFormat("HH:mm");
timeTV.setText( simpleDateFormat.format(new Date()));
} else {
setCustomView(headsUp.getCustomView());
}
}
protected void cancel(){
HeadsUpManager.getInstant(getContext()).animDismiss();
cutDown = -1;
cutDownTime.interrupt();
if(velocityTracker!=null) {
try {
velocityTracker.clear();
velocityTracker.recycle();
} catch (IllegalStateException e) {
}
}
}
enum ScrollOrientationEnum {
VERTICAL,HORIZONTAL,NONE
}
}具体用法：
PendingIntent pendingIntent=PendingIntent.getActivity(MainActivity.this,11,new Intent(MainActivity.this,MainActivity.class),PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT);
View view=getLayoutInflater().inflate(R.layout.custom_notification, null);
view.findViewById(R.id.openSource).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
}
});
HeadsUpManager manage = HeadsUpManager.getInstant(getApplication());
HeadsUp.Builder builder = new HeadsUp.Builder(MainActivity.this);
builder.setContentTitle("提醒")
//要显示通知栏通知,这个一定要设置
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.icon)
.setContentText("你有新的消息")
//2.3 一定要设置这个参数,负责会报错
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
//.setFullScreenIntent(pendingIntent, false)
HeadsUp headsUp = builder.buildHeadUp();
headsUp.setCustomView(view);
manage.notify(1, headsUp);
}关于Android 中怎么利用Notification弹出通知就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。
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