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利用Java在将整型数与byte[]数组进行转换

发布时间：2020-12-03 15:24:33 作者：Leah
来源：亿速云 阅读：180

这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关利用Java在将整型数与byte[]数组进行转换，文章内容质量较高，因此小编分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后对相关知识有一定的了解。

具体如下：

工作项目需要在java和c/c++之间进行socket通信，socket通信是以字节流或者字节包进行的，socket发送方须将数据转换为字节流或者字节包，而接收方则将字节流和字节包再转换回相应的数据类型。如果发送方和接收方都是同种语言，则一般只涉及到字节序的调整。而对于java和c/c++的通信，则情况就要复杂一些，主要是因为java中没有unsigned类型，并且java和c在某些数据类型上的长度不一致。

针对这种情况，本文整理了java数据类型和网络字节流或字节包(相当于java的byte数组)之间转换方法。实际上网上这方面的资料不少，但往往不全，甚至有些有错误，于是就花了点时间对java整型数和网络字节序的byte[]之间转换的各种情况做了一些验证和整理。整理出来的函数如下：

public class ByteConvert {
  // 以下 是整型数 和 网络字节序的 byte[] 数组之间的转换
  public static byte[] longToBytes(long n) {
    byte[] b = new byte[8];
    b[7] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    b[6] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    b[5] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
    b[4] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
    b[3] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);
    b[2] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);
    b[1] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static void longToBytes( long n, byte[] array, int offset ){
    array[7+offset] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    array[6+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    array[5+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
    array[4+offset] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
    array[3+offset] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);
    array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);
    array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);
    array[0+offset] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);
  }
  public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array )
  {
    return ((((long) array[ 0] & 0xff) << 56)
       | (((long) array[ 1] & 0xff) << 48)
       | (((long) array[ 2] & 0xff) << 40)
       | (((long) array[ 3] & 0xff) << 32)
       | (((long) array[ 4] & 0xff) << 24)
       | (((long) array[ 5] & 0xff) << 16)
       | (((long) array[ 6] & 0xff) << 8)
       | (((long) array[ 7] & 0xff) << 0));
  }
  public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array, int offset )
  {
    return ((((long) array[offset + 0] & 0xff) << 56)
       | (((long) array[offset + 1] & 0xff) << 48)
       | (((long) array[offset + 2] & 0xff) << 40)
       | (((long) array[offset + 3] & 0xff) << 32)
       | (((long) array[offset + 4] & 0xff) << 24)
       | (((long) array[offset + 5] & 0xff) << 16)
       | (((long) array[offset + 6] & 0xff) << 8)
       | (((long) array[offset + 7] & 0xff) << 0));
  }
  public static byte[] intToBytes(int n) {
    byte[] b = new byte[4];
    b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static void intToBytes( int n, byte[] array, int offset ){
    array[3+offset] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
    array[offset] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
  }
  public static int bytesToInt(byte b[]) {
    return  b[3] & 0xff
        | (b[2] & 0xff) << 8
        | (b[1] & 0xff) << 16
        | (b[0] & 0xff) << 24;
  }
  public static int bytesToInt(byte b[], int offset) {
    return  b[offset+3] & 0xff
        | (b[offset+2] & 0xff) << 8
        | (b[offset+1] & 0xff) << 16
        | (b[offset] & 0xff) << 24;
  }
  public static byte[] uintToBytes( long n )
  {
    byte[] b = new byte[4];
    b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static void uintToBytes( long n, byte[] array, int offset ){
    array[3+offset] = (byte) (n );
    array[2+offset] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    array[1+offset] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
    array[offset]  = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
  }
  public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array) {
    return ((long) (array[3] & 0xff))
       | ((long) (array[2] & 0xff)) << 8
       | ((long) (array[1] & 0xff)) << 16
       | ((long) (array[0] & 0xff)) << 24;
  }
  public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array, int offset) {
    return ((long) (array[offset+3] & 0xff))
       | ((long) (array[offset+2] & 0xff)) << 8
       | ((long) (array[offset+1] & 0xff)) << 16
       | ((long) (array[offset]  & 0xff)) << 24;
  }
  public static byte[] shortToBytes(short n) {
    byte[] b = new byte[2];
    b[1] = (byte) ( n    & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static void shortToBytes(short n, byte[] array, int offset ) {
    array[offset+1] = (byte) ( n    & 0xff);
    array[offset] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
  }
  public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b){
    return (short)( b[1] & 0xff
           |(b[0] & 0xff) << 8 );
  }
  public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b, int offset){
    return (short)( b[offset+1] & 0xff
           |(b[offset]  & 0xff) << 8 );
  }
  public static byte[] ushortToBytes(int n) {
    byte[] b = new byte[2];
    b[1] = (byte) ( n    & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static void ushortToBytes(int n, byte[] array, int offset ) {
    array[offset+1] = (byte) ( n    & 0xff);
    array[offset] = (byte)  ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
  }
  public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[]) {
    return  b[1] & 0xff
        | (b[0] & 0xff) << 8;
  }
  public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[], int offset) {
    return  b[offset+1] & 0xff
        | (b[offset]  & 0xff) << 8;
  }
  public static byte[] ubyteToBytes( int n ){
    byte[] b = new byte[1];
    b[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static void ubyteToBytes( int n, byte[] array, int offset ){
    array[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
  }
  public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array ){
    return array[0] & 0xff;
  }
  public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array, int offset ){
    return array[offset] & 0xff;
  }
  // char 类型、 float、double 类型和 byte[] 数组之间的转换关系还需继续研究实现。
}

测试程序如下：

public class ByteConvertTest {
  public static String byte2Hex(byte[] buf)
  {
    StringBuffer strbuf = new StringBuffer();
    strbuf.append("{");
    for (byte b : buf)
    {
      if (b == 0)
      {
        strbuf.append("00");
      }
      else if (b == -1)
      {
        strbuf.append("FF");
      }
      else
      {
        String str = Integer.toHexString(b).toUpperCase();
        // sb.append(a);
        if (str.length() == 8)
        {
          str = str.substring(6, 8);
        }
        else if (str.length() < 2)
        {
          str = "0" + str;
        }
        strbuf.append(str);
      }
      strbuf.append(" ");
    }
    strbuf.append("}");
    return strbuf.toString();
  }
  public static byte[] longToBytes(long n) {
    byte[] b = new byte[8];
    b[7] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    b[6] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    b[5] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
    b[4] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
    b[3] = (byte) (n >> 32 & 0xff);
    b[2] = (byte) (n >> 40 & 0xff);
    b[1] = (byte) (n >> 48 & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) (n >> 56 & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static long bytesToLong( byte[] array )
  {
    return ((((long) array[ 0] & 0xff) << 56)
       | (((long) array[ 1] & 0xff) << 48)
       | (((long) array[ 2] & 0xff) << 40)
       | (((long) array[ 3] & 0xff) << 32)
       | (((long) array[ 4] & 0xff) << 24)
       | (((long) array[ 5] & 0xff) << 16)
       | (((long) array[ 6] & 0xff) << 8)
       | (((long) array[ 7] & 0xff) ));
  }
  public static int bytesToInt(byte b[]) {
    return  b[3] & 0xff
        | (b[2] & 0xff) << 8
        | (b[1] & 0xff) << 16
        | (b[0] & 0xff) << 24;
  }
  public static long bytesToUint(byte[] array) {
    return ((long) (array[3] & 0xff))
       | ((long) (array[2] & 0xff)) << 8
       | ((long) (array[1] & 0xff)) << 16
       | ((long) (array[0] & 0xff)) << 24;
  }
  public static byte[] uintToBytes( long n )
  {
    byte[] b = new byte[4];
    b[3] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    b[2] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    b[1] = (byte) (n >> 16 & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) (n >> 24 & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static byte[] shortToBytes(short n) {
    byte[] b = new byte[2];
    b[1] = (byte) ( n    & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) ((n >> 8) & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static short bytesToShort(byte[] b){
    return (short)( b[1] & 0xff
           |(b[0] & 0xff) << 8 );
  }
  static void testShortConvert(){
    System.out.println("=================== short convert =============");
    System.out.println("byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2))"+byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)));
    System.out.print("println 0x11f2:");
    System.out.println((short)0x11f2);
    System.out.println("byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2))"+byte2Hex(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)));
    System.out.print("println 0xf1f2:");
    System.out.println((short)0xf1f2);
    System.out.print("println bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)):");
    System.out.println((short)bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0x11f2)));
    System.out.print("println bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)):");
    System.out.println((short)bytesToShort(shortToBytes((short)0xf1f2)));
  }
  public static byte[] ushortToBytes(int n) {
    byte[] b = new byte[2];
    b[1] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    b[0] = (byte) (n >> 8 & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static int bytesToUshort(byte b[]) {
    return  b[1] & 0xff
        | (b[0] & 0xff) << 8;
  }
  static void testUshortConvert(){
    System.out.println("=================== Ushort convert =============");
    System.out.println("byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0x11f2))"+byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)));
    System.out.print("println 0x11f2:");
    System.out.println(0x11f2);
    System.out.println("byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2))"+byte2Hex(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)));
    System.out.print("println 0xf1f2:");
    System.out.println(0xf1f2);
    System.out.print("println bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)):");
    System.out.println(bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0x11f2)));
    System.out.print("println bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)):");
    System.out.println(bytesToUshort(ushortToBytes(0xf1f2)));
  }
  public static byte[] ubyteToBytes( int n ){
    byte[] b = new byte[1];
    b[0] = (byte) (n & 0xff);
    return b;
  }
  public static int bytesToUbyte( byte[] array ){
    return array[0] & 0xff;
  }
  static void testUbyteConvert(){
    System.out.println("=================== Ubyte convert =============");
    System.out.println("byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0x1112))"+byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)));
    System.out.print("println 0x1112:");
    System.out.println(0x1112);
    System.out.println("byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0xf2))"+byte2Hex(ubyteToBytes(0xf2)));
    System.out.print("println 0xf2:");
    System.out.println(0xf2);
    System.out.print("println bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)):");
    System.out.println(bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0x1112)));
    System.out.print("println bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0xf1f2)):");
    System.out.println(bytesToUbyte(ubyteToBytes(0xf1f2)));
  }
  /**
   * @param args
   */
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    byte[] array = new byte[4];
    array[3] = (byte) 0xF4;
    array[2] = 0x13;
    array[1] = 0x12;
    array[0] = 0x11;
    System.out.println("=================== Integer bytes =============");
    System.out.println("the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(array) );
    System.out.print("println bytesToInt :");
    System.out.println( bytesToInt(array));
    System.out.printf("printf bytesToInt :%X\n", bytesToInt(array));
    System.out.println("=================== long bytes =============");
    byte[] longBytes = new byte[8];
    longBytes[7] = (byte) 0xf7;
    longBytes[6] = (byte) 0x16;
    longBytes[5] = (byte) 0xf5;
    longBytes[4] = (byte) 0x14;
    longBytes[3] = (byte) 0xf3;
    longBytes[2] = (byte) 0x12;
    longBytes[1] = (byte) 0xf1;
    longBytes[0] = (byte) 0x10;
    System.out.println( "the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(longBytes) );
    System.out.printf("printf bytesToLong:%X\n",bytesToLong(longBytes));
    System.out.println("=================byte to long ================");
    byte b = (byte)0xf1;
    System.out.print("Println the byte:");
    System.out.println(b);
    System.out.printf("Printf the byte:%X\n",b);
    long l = b;
    System.out.print("Println byte to long:");
    System.out.println(l);
    System.out.printf("printf byte to long:%X\n",l);
    System.out.println("================= uint Bytes ================");
    byte[] uint = new byte[4];
    uint[3] = (byte) 0xf3;
    uint[2] = (byte) 0x12;
    uint[1] = (byte) 0xf1;
    uint[0] = (byte) 0xFF;
    System.out.println( "the bytes is:"+byte2Hex(uint) );
    System.out.printf("printf bytesToUint:%X\n",bytesToUint(uint));
    System.out.print("Println bytesToUint:");
    System.out.println(bytesToUint(uint));
    System.out.println("byte2Hex(uintToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)):"+byte2Hex(uintToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
    System.out.println("===============Long Integer==============");
    System.out.print("println 0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l:");
    System.out.println(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l);
    System.out.printf("Printf 0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l:%X\n",0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l);
    System.out.println("println byte2Hex(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l))"+byte2Hex(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
    // 注意，下面的这行，并不能获得正确的uint。
    System.out.printf("printf bytesToUint(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l):%X\n",bytesToUint(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
    System.out.println("===============bytesToLong(longToBytes())==============");
    System.out.println(bytesToLong(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
    System.out.printf("%X\n",bytesToLong(longToBytes(0x11f2f3f4f5f6f7f8l)));
    testShortConvert();
    testUshortConvert();
    testUbyteConvert();
  }
}

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