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华为网络---静态路由

发布时间：2020-07-22 05:43:33 作者：caozhengtao1213
来源：网络 阅读：271

需求描述

1.需要在三台路由器上配置静态路由，以实现各网段之间的互通
2.若要实现全网互通，必须明确如下两个问题数据包被路由器转发或丢弃，取决于是否能够在路由表中找到数据包的目标地址所对应的条目路由器可以自动生成所有直连网段的路由条目，对于那些非直连网段就需要通过静态路由指定了
3.因此，要想实现全网互通，就必须为每台路由器指定所有非直连网段的路由条目

实验环境

三台路由器R1、R2、 R3两两互连，每台路由器上都配置了Loopback地址模拟网络环境

华为网络---静态路由

第一步:配置R1路由器

<Huawei>system-v            //从用户视图进入系统视图
[Huawei]sysname R1          //设置路由器名称
[R1]int g0/0/0              //进入端口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q              //从系统视图返回到用户视图
[R1]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 13.0.0.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]int loo 0                   //进入回环网卡接口
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]q

[R1]dis ip int b                        //查看接口状态
Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              12.0.0.1/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              13.0.0.1/24          up         up  
LoopBack0                         1.1.1.1/32           up         up(s)

[R1]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 13.0.0.3
[R1]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 12.0.0.2
[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 13.0.0.3
[R1]ip route-static 2.2.2.2 32 12.0.0.2
//配置路由静态路由

[R1]display ip routing-table            //查看路由表
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 9        Routes : 11       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        2.2.2.2/32  Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
        3.3.3.3/32  Static  60   0          RD   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
                    Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       13.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   13.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

第二步:配置R2路由器

<Huawei>system-v
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.0.0.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[R2]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 23.0.0.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[R2]int loo 0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]q
[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 12.0.0.1
[R2]ip route-static 1.1.1.1 32 23.0.0.3
[R2]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 12.0.0.1
[R2]ip route-static 3.3.3.3 32 23.0.0.3

[R2]dis ip int b                                

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              12.0.0.2/24          up         up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              23.0.0.2/24          up         up  
LoopBack0                           2.2.2.2/32           up         up(s) 

[R2]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 9        Routes : 11       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        1.1.1.1/32  Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
        2.2.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
        3.3.3.3/32  Static  60   0          RD   12.0.0.1        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
                    Static  60   0          RD   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       12.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   12.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       12.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
       23.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.2        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.0.0.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

第三步:配置R3路由器

<Huawei>system-v
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 13.0.0.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R3]int g0/0/2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 23.0.0.3 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[R3]int loo 0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]q

[R3]dis ip int b
Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              13.0.0.3/24          up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              23.0.0.3/24          up         up 
LoopBack0                               3.3.3.3/32           up         up(s)

[R3]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 7        Routes : 7        

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

        3.3.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
       13.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   13.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       13.0.0.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
       23.0.0.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   23.0.0.3        GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
       23.0.0.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

第四步: 测试全网互通

1.测试R2与R1的互联互通

[R2]ping -a 2.2.2.2 1.1.1.1
PING 1.1.1.1: 56
data bytes, press CTRL C to break
Reply from 1.1.1.1:
bytes=56 Sequence=1 tt1=255
time=120 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1:
bytes=56
Sequence=2 tt1=255
time=15 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 tt1=255
time=15 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1:
bytes=56 Sequence=4 tt1=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 1.1.1.1:
bytes=56 Sequence=5 tt1=255 time=20 ms
1.1.1.1 ping statistics ---
5 packet (s) t r ansmi tted
5 packet (s) received
0.00%packet 1083
round-trip min/ avg/max = 20/54/120 ms

2.测试R2与R3的互联互通

[R2 ]ping -a 2.2.2.2    3.3.3.3
PING 3.3.3.3: 56
data bytes,
press CTRL c to break
Reply from 3.3.3.3:
bytes=56 Sequence=1 tt1=255 time-30 ms
Reply from 3.3.3.3:
bytes=56 Sequence=2 tt1=255 time=40
ms
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 tt1=255 time=50 ms 
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 tt1=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 3.3.3.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 tt1=255 time=30 ms 
3.3.3.3 ping statistics
5 packet (s) t r ansmi tted
5 packet (s) received
0.00%packet 1083
round- trip min/ avg/max = 30/ 36/50 ms
推荐阅读：
  1. 华为网络设备基本配置
  2. 华为网络设备与基础配置

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