MySQL 5.7.17 Group Replication

基于组复制的强大功能在MySQL 5.7.17之后以插件的形式实现，本文讲述在单机多实例基础上搭建组复制测试环境

环境说明：

操作系统:

    CentOS Linux release 7.3.1611 (Core) 

内核版本:

    Linux version 3.10.0-514.6.2.el7.x86_64 

MySQL版本:

    mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

依赖包安装:

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libaio-devel boost-devel autoconf automake zlib-devel libxml2-devel ncurses-devel libgcrypt-devel libtool-devel openssl-devel bison-devel unzip numactl-devel

同时需要关闭selinux及防火墙

setenforce 0
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disabled firewalld

MySQL5.7.17安装及配置

下载解压至安装目录

wget http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
tar xf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar
mv mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql5.7.17

添加环境变量

echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin:$PATH'>>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile

手动创建mysql用户

useradd -s /sbin/nologin -d /dev/null mysql

添加本机主机名解析

echo "127.0.0.1 $HOSTNAME">>/etc/host

MySQL多实例:(三个实例)

我们将实例建3306、3307、3308三个实例

创建数据文件目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/330{6,7,8}

创建配置文件目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf

创建配置文件

3306实例的配置文件

cat /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf/3306.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17
datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3306
port = 3306
socket =/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3306/mysqld.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3306/mysqld.log
user = mysql
server_id = 3306
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
binlog_checksum = NONE
log_slave_updates = ON
log_bin = binlog
binlog_format = ROW
#组复制基本配置
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64
loose-group_replication_group_name="01e5fb97-be64-41f7-bafd-3afc7a6ab555"
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot=off
loose-group_replication_local_address="127.0.0.1:13306"
loose-group_replication_group_seeds="127.0.0.1:13306,127.0.0.1:13307,127.0.0.1:13308"
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = off
#loose-group_replication_ip_whitelist=”10.30.0.0/16,10.31.0..0/16,10.27.0.0/16″

说明:

group_replication变量使用的loose-前缀是指示Server启用时尚未加载复制插件也将继续启动

transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64指示Server必须为每个事务收集写集合，并使用XXHASH64哈希算法将其编码为散列

loose-group_replication_group_name="01e5fb97-be64-41f7-bafd-3afc7a6ab555"表示将加入或者创建的复制组命名为01e5fb97-be64-41f7-bafd-3afc7a6ab555,可自定义(通过cat /proc/sys/kernel/random/uuid)

loose-group_replication_start_on_boot=off 设置为Server启动时不自动启动组复制

loose-group_replication_local_address="127.0.0.1:13306" 绑定本地的127.0.0.1及13306端口接受其他组成员的连接，IP地址必须为其他组成员可正常访问

loose-group_replication_group_seeds="127.0.0.1:13306,127.0.0.1:13307,127.0.0.1:13308"本行为告诉服务器当服务器加入组时，应当连接到127.0.0.1:13306,127.0.0.1:13307,127.0.0.1:13308这些种子服务器进行配置。本设置可以不是全部的组成员服务地址

loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = off 配置是否自动引导组

loose-group_replication_ip_whitelist=”10.30.0.0/16,10.31.0..0/16,10.27.0.0/16″默认情况下只允许127.0.0.1连接到复制组，如果是其他IP则需要配置。

3307实例的配置文件

cat /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf/3307.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17
datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3307
port = 3307
socket =/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3307/mysqld.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3307/mysqld.log
user = mysql
server_id = 3307
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
binlog_checksum = NONE
log_slave_updates = ON
log_bin = binlog
binlog_format = ROW
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64
loose-group_replication_group_name="01e5fb97-be64-41f7-bafd-3afc7a6ab555"
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot=off
loose-group_replication_local_address="127.0.0.1:13307"
loose-group_replication_group_seeds="127.0.0.1:13306,127.0.0.1:13307,127.0.0.1:13308"
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = off
loose-group_replication_ip_whitelist=”10.30.0.0/16,10.31.0..0/16,10.27.0.0/16″

3308实例配置文件

cat /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf/3308.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17
datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3308
port = 3308
socket =/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3308/mysqld.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3308/mysqld.log
user = mysql
server_id = 3308
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
binlog_checksum = NONE
log_slave_updates = ON
log_bin = binlog
binlog_format = ROW
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64
loose-group_replication_group_name="01e5fb97-be64-41f7-bafd-3afc7a6ab555"
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot=off
loose-group_replication_local_address="127.0.0.1:13308"
loose-group_replication_group_seeds="127.0.0.1:13306,127.0.0.1:13307,127.0.0.1:13308"
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = off
loose-group_replication_ip_whitelist=”10.30.0.0/16,10.31.0..0/16,10.27.0.0/16″

初始化数据库：

/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3306
/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3307
/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3308
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/*

启动数据库:

/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf/3306.cnf &
/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf/3307.cnf &
/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf/3308.cnf &

3306实例:

mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3306/mysqld.sock

#创建复制用户及密码
set sql_log_bin=0;
grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'%' identified by 'replpass';
flush privileges;
set sql_log_bin=1;

#设置复制用户名及密码
change master to master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass' for channel 'group_replication_recovery';

#安装组复制插件
install plugin group_replication soname 'group_replication.so';

#检查插件是否安装成功
show plugins;

#启动组复制
set global group_replication_bootstrap_group=ON;
START group_replication;
set global group_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF;
exit;

3307实例：

mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3307/mysqld.sock

set sql_log_bin=0;
grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'%' identified by 'replpass';
flush privileges;
set sql_log_bin=1;
change master to master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass' for channel 'group_replication_recovery';
install plugin group_replication soname 'group_replication.so';
show plugins;

#启动组复制
START group_replication;

exit;

3308实例:

mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3308/mysqld.sock

set sql_log_bin=0;
grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'%' identified by 'replpass';
flush privileges;
set sql_log_bin=1;
change master to master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass' for channel 'group_replication_recovery';
install plugin group_replication soname 'group_replication.so';
show plugins;

#启动组复制
START group_replication;

exit

注意:3306、3307、3308启动组复制的不同

查看组复制结果:

mysql> select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+
| group_replication_applier | 51f188a1-5626-11e7-a2f3-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3306 | ONLINE       |
| group_replication_applier | 5b45cd3f-5626-11e7-a435-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3307 | ONLINE       |
| group_replication_applier | 6374c473-5626-11e7-a5aa-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3308 | ONLINE       |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+

可以看到MEMBER_STATE都是ONLINE，组复制配置成功

组复制测试：

mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3306/mysqld.sock
mysql > create database test;
mysql > create table tb1 (id int not null);
mysql > insert into tb1 values(1);
The table does not comply with the requirements by an external plugin.
#报错，那是因为group_replication中的表必须有主键保证唯一性，否则失败。
mysql > drop table tb1;
mysql > create table tb1 (id int not null primary key auto_increment,username varchar(300));
mysql > insert into tb1 values(1,'guest');

在其他实例测试:

mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3307/mysqld.sock
mysql> select * from test.tb1;
+----+----------+
| id | username |
+----+----------+
|  1 | guest    |
+----+----------+
mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3308/mysqld.sock
mysql> select * from test.tb1;
+----+----------+
| id | username |
+----+----------+
|  1 | guest    |
+----+----------+
mysql> insert into test.tb1 values(2,'admin');
The MySQL server is running with the --super-read-only option so it cannot execute this statement

在单主模式下，只有主机才允许写入，其他都为只读模式；

在单主模式下寻找主实例

#查找主实例
mysql> select variable_value from performance_schema.global_status where variable_name ='group_replication_primary_member';
+--------------------------------------+
| variable_value                       |
+--------------------------------------+
| 51f188a1-5626-11e7-a2f3-000c29335f88 |
+--------------------------------------+
#获取实例信息
mysql> select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+
| group_replication_applier | 51f188a1-5626-11e7-a2f3-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3306 | ONLINE       |
| group_replication_applier | 5b45cd3f-5626-11e7-a435-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3307 | ONLINE       |
| group_replication_applier | 6374c473-5626-11e7-a5aa-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3308 | ONLINE       |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+

则可以知道haproxy206的3306端口为主实例

mysql> show variables like '%group_replication%';
+----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                                      | Value                                           |
+----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| group_replication_allow_local_disjoint_gtids_join  | OFF                                             |
| group_replication_allow_local_lower_version_join   | OFF                                             |
| group_replication_auto_increment_increment         | 7                                               |
| group_replication_bootstrap_group                  | OFF                                             |
| group_replication_components_stop_timeout          | 31536000                                        |
| group_replication_compression_threshold            | 1000000                                         |
| group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks | OFF                                              |
| group_replication_flow_control_applier_threshold   | 25000                                           |
| group_replication_flow_control_certifier_threshold | 25000                                           |
| group_replication_flow_control_mode                | QUOTA                                           |
| group_replication_force_members                    |                                                 |
| group_replication_group_name                       | 01e5fb97-be64-41f7-bafd-3afc7a6ab555            |
| group_replication_group_seeds                      | 127.0.0.1:13306,127.0.0.1:13307,127.0.0.1:13308 |
| group_replication_gtid_assignment_block_size       | 1000000                                         |
| group_replication_ip_whitelist                     | AUTOMATIC                                       |
| group_replication_local_address                    | 127.0.0.1:13306                                 |
| group_replication_poll_spin_loops                  | 0                                               |
| group_replication_recovery_complete_at             | TRANSACTIONS_APPLIED                            |
| group_replication_recovery_reconnect_interval      | 60                                              |
| group_replication_recovery_retry_count             | 10                                              |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_ca                  |                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_capath              |                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_cert                |                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_cipher              |                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_crl                 |                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_crlpath             |                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_key                 |                                                 |
| group_replication_recovery_ssl_verify_server_cert  | OFF                                             |
| group_replication_recovery_use_ssl                 | OFF                                             |
| group_replication_single_primary_mode              | ON                                             |
| group_replication_ssl_mode                         | DISABLED                                        |
| group_replication_start_on_boot                    | OFF                                             |
+----------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+

注意上面的

group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks | OFF 
group_replication_single_primary_mode              | ON

单主模式变更为多主模式

3306实例：
mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3306/mysqld.sock
STOP group_replication;
set global group_replication_single_primary_mode=OFF;
set global group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= ON;
set global group_replication_bootstrap_group=ON;
START group_replication;
set global group_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF;

3307实例：
mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3307/mysqld.sock
STOP group_replication;
set global group_replication_single_primary_mode=OFF;
set global group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= ON;
START group_replication;

3308实例:
mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3308/mysqld.sock
STOP group_replication;
set global group_replication_single_primary_mode=OFF;
set global group_replication_enforce_update_everywhere_checks= ON;
START group_replication;

经过以上配置后你就可以在每个实例上都进行增删改

增加节点

我们已三个成员的组复制分别为3306、3307、3308现在我们增加3309实例

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3309

cat /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf/3309.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17
datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3309
port = 3309
socket =/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3309/mysqld.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3309/mysqld.log
user = mysql
server_id = 3309
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
binlog_checksum = NONE
log_slave_updates = ON
log_bin = binlog
binlog_format = ROW
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64
loose-group_replication_group_name="01e5fb97-be64-41f7-bafd-3afc7a6ab555"
loose-group_replication_start_on_boot=off
loose-group_replication_local_address="127.0.0.1:13309"
loose-group_replication_group_seeds="127.0.0.1:13306,127.0.0.1:13307,127.0.0.1:13308"
loose-group_replication_bootstrap_group = off
#loose-group_replication_ip_whitelist=”10.30.0.0/16,10.31.0..0/16,10.27.0.0/16″

初始化数据库并启动数据库

/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3309
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3309
/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql5.7.17/conf/3309.cnf &

配置

mysql -S /usr/local/mysql5.7.17/data/3309/mysqld.sock
set sql_log_bin=0;
grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to 'repluser'@'%' identified by 'replpass';
flush privileges;
set sql_log_bin=1;
change master to master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass' for channel 'group_replication_recovery';
install plugin group_replication soname 'group_replication.so';
show plugins;
START group_replication;

查看组成员

mysql> select * from performance_schema.replication_group_members;
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+
| CHANNEL_NAME              | MEMBER_ID                            | MEMBER_HOST | MEMBER_PORT | MEMBER_STATE |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+
| group_replication_applier | 51f188a1-5626-11e7-a2f3-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3306 | ONLINE       |
| group_replication_applier | 5b45cd3f-5626-11e7-a435-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3307 | ONLINE       |
| group_replication_applier | 6374c473-5626-11e7-a5aa-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3308 | ONLINE       |
| group_replication_applier | b19bea84-5629-11e7-8b05-000c29335f88 | haproxy206  |        3309 | ONLINE       |
+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+-------------+--------------+

如果数据量大的话，3309的状态可能为recovering

问题处理:

2017-06-21T15:06:01.854288+08:00 0 [Warning] Plugin group_replication reported: ‘[GCS] Connection attempt from IP address 192.168.0.2 refused. Address is not in the IP whitelist.’

原因：group_replication_ip_whitelist默认值为127.0.0.1/8，设置为需要的配置

处理：set global group_replication_ip_whitelist='192.168.0.0/24'  (多个网段使用逗号隔开)

Slave I/O for channel 'group_replication_recovery': Fatal error: Invalid (empty) username when attempting to connect to the master server. Connection attempt terminated. Error_code: 1593

原因：没有配置同步账号跟密码，使用的是空密码进行同步。 需要为复制通道group_replication_recovery 设置同步信息,一定要注意同步通道group_replication_recovery

处理：change master to master_user='repluser',master_password='replpass' for channel 'group_replication_recovery';