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本篇内容主要讲解“PostgreSQL中StartLogStreamer分析”，感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷，实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“PostgreSQL中StartLogStreamer分析”吧!
本节简单介绍了PostgreSQL的备份工具pg_basebackup源码中实际执行备份逻辑的BaseBackup中对WAL数据进行备份的实现函数StartLogStreamer.
logstreamer_param
WAL data streamer参数.
typedef struct
{
////后台连接
PGconn *bgconn;
//开始位置
XLogRecPtr startptr;
//目录或者tar文件,依赖于使用的模式
char xlog[MAXPGPATH]; /* directory or tarfile depending on mode */
//系统标识符
char *sysidentifier;
//时间线
int timeline;
} logstreamer_param;StreamCtl
接收xlog流数据时的全局参数
/*
* Global parameters when receiving xlog stream. For details about the individual fields,
* see the function comment for ReceiveXlogStream().
* 接收xlog流数据时的全局参数.
* 每个域字段的详细解释,参见ReceiveXlogStream()函数注释.
*/
typedef struct StreamCtl
{
//streaming的开始位置
XLogRecPtr startpos; /* Start position for streaming */
//时间线
TimeLineID timeline; /* Timeline to stream data from */
//系统标识符
char *sysidentifier; /* Validate this system identifier and
* timeline */
//standby超时信息
int standby_message_timeout; /* Send status messages this often */
//是否同步(写入时是否马上Flush WAL data)
bool synchronous; /* Flush immediately WAL data on write */
//在已归档的数据中标记segment为已完成
bool mark_done; /* Mark segment as done in generated archive */
//刷新到磁盘上以确保数据的一致性状态(是否已刷新到磁盘上)
bool do_sync; /* Flush to disk to ensure consistent state of
* data */
//在返回T时停止streaming
stream_stop_callback stream_stop; /* Stop streaming when returns true */
//如有效,监测该socket中的输入并检查stream_stop()的返回
pgsocket stop_socket; /* if valid, watch for input on this socket
* and check stream_stop() when there is any */
//如何写WAL
WalWriteMethod *walmethod; /* How to write the WAL */
//附加到部分接受文件的后缀
char *partial_suffix; /* Suffix appended to partially received files */
//使用的replication slot,如无则为NULL
char *replication_slot; /* Replication slot to use, or NULL */
} StreamCtl;StartLogStreamer
StartLogStreamer用于在备份时初始化后台进程用于接收WAL.接收进程将创建自己的数据库连接以并行的方式对文件进行streaming复制.
/*
* Initiate background process for receiving xlog during the backup.
* The background stream will use its own database connection so we can
* stream the logfile in parallel with the backups.
* 在备份时初始化后台进程用于接收WAL.
* 后台stream进程将用自己的数据库连接以使以并行的方式stream文件.
*/
static void
StartLogStreamer(char *startpos, uint32 timeline, char *sysidentifier)
{
//参数
logstreamer_param *param;
uint32 hi,
lo;//高位/低位
char statusdir[MAXPGPATH];
param = pg_malloc0(sizeof(logstreamer_param));
param->timeline = timeline;
param->sysidentifier = sysidentifier;
/* Convert the starting position */
//转换开始位置(高低位转换)
if (sscanf(startpos, "%X/%X", &hi, &lo) != 2)
{
fprintf(stderr,
_("%s: could not parse write-ahead log location \"%s\"\n"),
progname, startpos);
exit(1);
}
//开始位置,转换为64bit的地址
param->startptr = ((uint64) hi) << 32 | lo;
/* Round off to even segment position */
//按segment取整
param->startptr -= XLogSegmentOffset(param->startptr, WalSegSz);
#ifndef WIN32
//WIN32使用的代码
/* Create our background pipe */
if (pipe(bgpipe) < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr,
_("%s: could not create pipe for background process: %s\n"),
progname, strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
#endif
/* Get a second connection */
//获取第二个连接
param->bgconn = GetConnection();
if (!param->bgconn)
/* Error message already written in GetConnection() */
exit(1);
/* In post-10 cluster, pg_xlog has been renamed to pg_wal */
//在PG 10,pg_xlog已命名为pg_wal
snprintf(param->xlog, sizeof(param->xlog), "%s/%s",
basedir,
PQserverVersion(conn) < MINIMUM_VERSION_FOR_PG_WAL ?
"pg_xlog" : "pg_wal");
/* Temporary replication slots are only supported in 10 and newer */
//临时复制slots只在PG10+支持
if (PQserverVersion(conn) < MINIMUM_VERSION_FOR_TEMP_SLOTS)
temp_replication_slot = false;
/*
* Create replication slot if requested
* 如要求,则创建复制slot
*/
//static char *replication_slot = NULL;
//static bool temp_replication_slot = true;
if (temp_replication_slot && !replication_slot)
//创建replication slot
replication_slot = psprintf("pg_basebackup_%d", (int) PQbackendPID(param->bgconn));
if (temp_replication_slot || create_slot)
{
//创建replication slot
if (!CreateReplicationSlot(param->bgconn, replication_slot, NULL,
temp_replication_slot, true, true, false))
exit(1);
if (verbose)
{
//显示诊断信息
if (temp_replication_slot)
fprintf(stderr, _("%s: created temporary replication slot \"%s\"\n"),
progname, replication_slot);
else
fprintf(stderr, _("%s: created replication slot \"%s\"\n"),
progname, replication_slot);
}
}
if (format == 'p')
{
/*
* Create pg_wal/archive_status or pg_xlog/archive_status (and thus
* pg_wal or pg_xlog) depending on the target server so we can write
* to basedir/pg_wal or basedir/pg_xlog as the directory entry in the
* tar file may arrive later.
* 基于目标服务器创建pg_wal/archive_status或pg_xlog/archive_status,
* 这样可以写入到basedir/pg_wal 货 basedir/pg_xlog,可作为后续访问的tar文件目录条目
*/
snprintf(statusdir, sizeof(statusdir), "%s/%s/archive_status",
basedir,
PQserverVersion(conn) < MINIMUM_VERSION_FOR_PG_WAL ?
"pg_xlog" : "pg_wal");
if (pg_mkdir_p(statusdir, pg_dir_create_mode) != 0 && errno != EEXIST)
{
fprintf(stderr,
_("%s: could not create directory \"%s\": %s\n"),
progname, statusdir, strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
}
/*
* Start a child process and tell it to start streaming. On Unix, this is
* a fork(). On Windows, we create a thread.
* 启动子进程开始streaming.
* 在UNIX平台,是一个fork进程,在Windows平台,创建线程.
*/
#ifndef WIN32
//UNIX:fork进程
bgchild = fork();
if (bgchild == 0)
{
//这是子进程,返回0
/* in child process */
//启动新进程
exit(LogStreamerMain(param));
}
else if (bgchild < 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not create background process: %s\n"),
progname, strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
/*
* Else we are in the parent process and all is well.
* 在父进程中,返回的bgchild是子进程PID.
*/
atexit(kill_bgchild_atexit);
#else /* WIN32 */
//WIN32:创建线程
bgchild = _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, (void *) LogStreamerMain, param, 0, NULL);
if (bgchild == 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, _("%s: could not create background thread: %s\n"),
progname, strerror(errno));
exit(1);
}
#endif
}LogStreamerMain
WAL流复制主函数,用于fork后的子进程调用
static int
LogStreamerMain(logstreamer_param *param)
{
StreamCtl stream;//接收xlog流数据时的全局参数
in_log_streamer = true;
//初始化StreamCtl结构体
MemSet(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
stream.startpos = param->startptr;
stream.timeline = param->timeline;
stream.sysidentifier = param->sysidentifier;
stream.stream_stop = reached_end_position;
#ifndef WIN32
stream.stop_socket = bgpipe[0];
#else
stream.stop_socket = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
#endif
stream.standby_message_timeout = standby_message_timeout;
stream.synchronous = false;
stream.do_sync = do_sync;
stream.mark_done = true;
stream.partial_suffix = NULL;
stream.replication_slot = replication_slot;
if (format == 'p')
stream.walmethod = CreateWalDirectoryMethod(param->xlog, 0, do_sync);
else
stream.walmethod = CreateWalTarMethod(param->xlog, compresslevel, do_sync);
//接收数据
if (!ReceiveXlogStream(param->bgconn, &stream))
/*
* Any errors will already have been reported in the function process,
* but we need to tell the parent that we didn't shutdown in a nice
* way.
* 在函数执行过程中出现的错误已通过警告的方式发出,
* 但仍需要告知父进程不能优雅的关闭本进程.
*/
return 1;
if (!stream.walmethod->finish())
{
fprintf(stderr,
_("%s: could not finish writing WAL files: %s\n"),
progname, strerror(errno));
return 1;
}
//结束连接
PQfinish(param->bgconn);
//普通文件格式
if (format == 'p')
FreeWalDirectoryMethod();
else
FreeWalTarMethod();
//是否内存
pg_free(stream.walmethod);
return 0;
}备份命令
pg_basebackup -h 192.168.26.25 -U replicator -p 5432 -D /data/backup -P -Xs -R -v
启动gdb跟踪
[xdb@localhost ~]$ gdb pg_basebackup GNU gdb (GDB) Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.6.1-110.el7 Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. Type "show copying" and "show warranty" for details. This GDB was configured as "x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu". For bug reporting instructions, please see: <http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>... Reading symbols from /appdb/atlasdb/pg11.2/bin/pg_basebackup...done. (gdb) b StartLogStreamer Breakpoint 1 at 0x403e6b: file pg_basebackup.c, line 555. (gdb) set args -h 192.168.26.25 -U replicator -p 5432 -D /data/backup -P -Xs -R -v (gdb) r Starting program: /appdb/xdb/pg11.2/bin/pg_basebackup -h 192.168.26.25 -U replicator -p 5432 -D /data/backup -P -Xs -R -v [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Using host libthread_db library "/lib64/libthread_db.so.1". Password: pg_basebackup: initiating base backup, waiting for checkpoint to complete pg_basebackup: checkpoint completed pg_basebackup: write-ahead log start point: 0/57000060 on timeline 16 pg_basebackup: starting background WAL receiver Breakpoint 1, StartLogStreamer (startpos=0x7fffffffdf60 "0/57000060", timeline=16, sysidentifier=0x61f1a0 "6666964067616600474") at pg_basebackup.c:555 555 param = pg_malloc0(sizeof(logstreamer_param)); (gdb)
输入参数
startpos=0x7fffffffdf60 “0/57000060”,
timeline=16,
sysidentifier=0x61f1a0 “6666964067616600474”
构造参数
(gdb) n
556 param->timeline = timeline;
(gdb)
557 param->sysidentifier = sysidentifier;
(gdb)
560 if (sscanf(startpos, "%X/%X", &hi, &lo) != 2)
(gdb)
567 param->startptr = ((uint64) hi) << 32 | lo;
(gdb) p hi
$1 = 0
(gdb) p lo
$2 = 1459617888
(gdb) n
569 param->startptr -= XLogSegmentOffset(param->startptr, WalSegSz);
(gdb) n
573 if (pipe(bgpipe) < 0)
(gdb) p *param
$3 = {bgconn = 0x0, startptr = 1459617792, xlog = '\000' <repeats 1023 times>,
sysidentifier = 0x61f1a0 "6666964067616600474", timeline = 16}
(gdb)建立连接,创建replication slot
(gdb) n
583 param->bgconn = GetConnection();
(gdb)
584 if (!param->bgconn)
(gdb)
591 PQserverVersion(conn) < MINIMUM_VERSION_FOR_PG_WAL ?
(gdb)
589 snprintf(param->xlog, sizeof(param->xlog), "%s/%s",
(gdb)
595 if (PQserverVersion(conn) < MINIMUM_VERSION_FOR_TEMP_SLOTS)
(gdb)
601 if (temp_replication_slot && !replication_slot)
(gdb)
602 replication_slot = psprintf("pg_basebackup_%d", (int) PQbackendPID(param->bgconn));
(gdb)
603 if (temp_replication_slot || create_slot)
(gdb)
605 if (!CreateReplicationSlot(param->bgconn, replication_slot, NULL,
(gdb)
609 if (verbose)
(gdb)
611 if (temp_replication_slot)
(gdb)
612 fprintf(stderr, _("%s: created temporary replication slot \"%s\"\n"),
(gdb)
pg_basebackup: created temporary replication slot "pg_basebackup_59378"
620 if (format == 'p')
(gdb)
(gdb) n
630 PQserverVersion(conn) < MINIMUM_VERSION_FOR_PG_WAL ?
(gdb)
628 snprintf(statusdir, sizeof(statusdir), "%s/%s/archive_status",创建备份目录
(gdb)
633 if (pg_mkdir_p(statusdir, pg_dir_create_mode) != 0 && errno != EEXIST)
(gdb) p *param
$4 = {bgconn = 0x62a280, startptr = 1459617792, xlog = "/data/backup/pg_wal", '\000' <repeats 1004 times>,
sysidentifier = 0x61f1a0 "6666964067616600474", timeline = 16}
(gdb) n
647 bgchild = fork();
(gdb)
#############
[xdb@localhost backup]$ ls
pg_walfork进程,父进程返回子进程的PID
(gdb) n 647 bgchild = fork(); (gdb) n Detaching after fork from child process 43001. 648 if (bgchild == 0) (gdb) p bgchild $5 = 43001 (gdb)
子进程(PID=43001)
[xdb@localhost backup]$ ps -ef|grep 43001 xdb 43001 42820 1 11:54 pts/1 00:00:01 /appdb/xdb/pg11.2/bin/pg_basebackup -h 192.168.26.25 -U replicator -p 5432 -D /data/backup -P -Xs -R -v [xdb@localhost backup]$ ps -ef|grep 192.168.26.25 xdb 42820 42756 0 11:48 pts/1 00:00:00 /appdb/xdb/pg11.2/bin/pg_basebackup -h 192.168.26.25 -U replicator -p 5432 -D /data/backup -P -Xs -R -v xdb 43001 42820 0 11:54 pts/1 00:00:01 /appdb/xdb/pg11.2/bin/pg_basebackup -h 192.168.26.25 -U replicator -p 5432 -D /data/backup -P -Xs -R -v
完成调用
(gdb) n 653 else if (bgchild < 0) (gdb) 672 } (gdb) BaseBackup () at pg_basebackup.c:1937 1937 for (i = 0; i < PQntuples(res); i++) (gdb)
pg_wal目录中的数据
[xdb@localhost backup]$ ls -l ./pg_wal/ total 16388 -rw-------. 1 xdb xdb 16777216 Mar 18 11:54 000000100000000000000057 -rw-------. 1 xdb xdb 217 Mar 18 11:54 00000010.history drwx------. 2 xdb xdb 35 Mar 18 11:54 archive_status [xdb@localhost backup]$
到此，相信大家对“PostgreSQL中StartLogStreamer分析”有了更深的了解，不妨来实际操作一番吧！这里是亿速云网站，更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询，关注我们，继续学习！
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