BBED丢失归档文件情况下的恢复方法

发布时间:2021-11-12 16:09:48 作者:柒染
来源:亿速云 阅读:165

BBED丢失归档文件情况下的恢复方法,很多新手对此不是很清楚,为了帮助大家解决这个难题,下面小编将为大家详细讲解,有这方面需求的人可以来学习下,希望你能有所收获。

【BBED】丢失归档文件情况下的数据文件的恢复

1.1  BLOG文档结构图

BBED丢失归档文件情况下的恢复方法 

1.2  前言部分

1.2.1  导读和注意事项

各位技术爱好者,看完本文后,你可以掌握如下的技能,也可以学到一些其它你所不知道的知识,~O(∩_∩)O~:

① 若丢失归档情况下数据文件的恢复,bbed和隐含参数(重点)

② 数据库启动过程中的介质恢复,scn号的关系

③ BBED如何修改文件头

④ 归档和非归档模式下数据库的全备

  Tips:

       ① 若文章代码格式有错乱,推荐使用QQ、搜狗或360浏览器,也可以下载pdf格式的文档来查看,pdf文档下载地址:http://yunpan.cn/cdEQedhCs2kFz (提取码:ed9b) 

       ② 本篇BLOG中命令的输出部分需要特别关注的地方我都用灰色背景和粉红色字体来表示,比如下边的例子中,thread 1的最大归档日志号为33,thread 2的最大归档日志号为43是需要特别关注的地方;而命令一般使用黄色背景和红色字体标注;对代码或代码输出部分的注释一般采用蓝色字体表示。

  List of Archived Logs in backup set 11

  Thrd Seq     Low SCN    Low Time            Next SCN   Next Time

  ---- ------- ---------- ------------------- ---------- ---------

  1    32      1621589    2015-05-29 11:09:52 1625242    2015-05-29 11:15:48

  1    33      1625242    2015-05-29 11:15:48 1625293    2015-05-29 11:15:58

  2    42      1613951    2015-05-29 10:41:18 1625245    2015-05-29 11:15:49

  2    43      1625245    2015-05-29 11:15:49 1625253    2015-05-29 11:15:53

[ZFXXDB1:root]:/>lsvg -o

T_XDESK_APP1_vg

rootvg

[ZFXXDB1:root]:/>

00:27:22 SQL> alter tablespace idxtbs read write;

====》2097152*512/1024/1024/1024=1G 

本文如有错误或不完善的地方请大家多多指正,ITPUB留言或QQ皆可,您的批评指正是我写作的最大动力。

1.2.2  相关参考文章链接

ORACLE 11g TSPITR恢复被删除的表空间http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1681706/

【RMAN】RMAN脚本中使用替换变量--windows 下rman全备脚本http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1673725/

【TSPITR】RMAN表空间基于时间点的自动恢复http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1671741/

【推荐】 【RMAN】rm -rf 误操作的恢复过程http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1623938/

【推荐】 【RMAN】利用备份片还原数据库(中)-附加http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1621938/

【推荐】 【RMAN】利用备份片还原数据库(下)http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1621672/

【推荐】 【RMAN】利用备份片还原数据库(中)http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1621661/

【推荐】 【RMAN】利用备份片还原数据库(上)http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1621581/

【推荐】 【RMAN】RMAN跨版本恢复(下)http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1562583/

【推荐】  Oracle 组件 系列 小结http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1562441/

【推荐】 【RMAN】RMAN跨版本恢复(中)http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1561352/

【推荐】 【RMAN】RMAN跨版本恢复(上)http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1561185/

【推荐】  关于在不同版本和平台之间进行还原或复制的常见问题http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1549041/

【推荐】 undo表空间文件丢失恢复(4)--无备份无recover的情况下恢复http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1458787/

【推荐】 undo表空间文件丢失恢复(3)--无备份无redo的情况下恢复http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1458750/

【推荐】 undo表空间文件丢失恢复(2)--无备份有redo的情况下恢复http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1458663/

【推荐】 undo表空间文件丢失恢复(1)--有备份http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1458654/

【推荐】 oracle控制文件在缺失归档日志的情况下的恢复http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1426552/

【推荐】 ORACLE 只读数据文件备份与恢复http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-1425283/

1.2.3  本文简介

前段时间公司小y给我们培训了下dul恢复truncate的数据,接下来几天我一直在研究truncate的恢复,想总结一下truncate的恢复方法,但是碰到了BBED,可以通过BBED来恢复,可是这个工具不熟悉,之前没用过,其实老早就听说了这个工具,一直想学BBED,但因为一直没碰到实际用途,也一直没有学习,现在碰到了就先研究了BBED了,truncate的恢复过段时间再发blog吧。

本文先给大家介绍了下数据库启动过程中的介质恢复的一些知识点,然后介绍了BBED修改数据文件头的办法推进SCN号来实现完全恢复,而不用resetlogs来打开库,利用隐含参数_allow_resetlogs_corruption来打开数据库只是一个插曲。

我们做实验的时候分2种情况来实验,一种是linux环境,一种是aix环境,linux下我们采用bbed及隐含参数_allow_resetlogs_corruption来恢复,其中推进scn号的时候直接推进到最新的scn号,和其它的数据文件头的scn号保持一致,aix环境下我们采用删除其中的一个归档文件,修改scn的时候修改到丢失的归档文件的scn号,这样可以模拟尽可能少的数据丢失的情况,加深对redo apply的进一步了解。

1.3  相关知识点扫盲(摘自网络)

这个章节相关知识点还是需要了解一下的,小麦苗已经整理好了,和以往blog不太一样,内容有点多。

1.3.1  数据库启动过程中的介质恢复

scn号与oracle数据库恢复过程有着密切的关系,只有很好地理解了这层关系,才能深刻地理解恢复的原理,从而才能很好地解决这方面的问题。

1.3.1.1  SCN与CHECKPOINT

CKPT进程在checkpoint发生时,将当时的SCN号写入数据文件头和控制文件,同时通知DBWR进程将数据块写到数据文件。

CKPT进程也会在控制文件中记录RBA(redo block address),以标志Recovery需要从日志中哪个地方开始。

与checkpoint相关的SCN号有四个,其中三个存在控制文件中,一个存放在数据文件头中。

这四个分别是:

1.System Checkpoint SCN

当checkpoint完成后,ORACLE将System Checkpoint SCN号存放在控制文件中。

我们可以通过下面SQL语句查询:

select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

2.Datafile Checkpoint SCN

当checkpoint完成后,ORACLE将Datafile Checkpoint SCN号存放在控制文件中。

我们可以通过下面SQL语句查询所有数据文件的Datafile Checkpoinnt SCN号。

select name,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile;

3.Start SCN号

ORACLE将Start SCN号存放在数据文件头中。

这个SCN用于检查数据库启动过程是否需要做media recovery.

我们可以通过以下SQL语句查询:

select name,checkpoint_change# from v$datafile_header;

4.End SCN号

ORACLE将End SCN号存放在控制文件中。

这个SCN号用于检查数据库启动过程是否需要做instance recovery.

我们可以通过以下SQL语句查询:

select name,last_change# from v$datafile;

在数据库正常运行的情况下,对可读写的,online的数据文件,该SCN号为NULL.

select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile_header a;

select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

 

1.3.1.2  SCN号与数据库启动、关闭

在数据库启动过程中,当System Checkpoint SCN、Datafile Checkpoint SCN和Start SCN号都相同时,数据库可以正常启动,不需要做media recovery.三者当中有一个不同时,则需要做media recovery.

ORACLE在启动过程中首先检查是否需要media recovery,然后再检查是否需要instance recovery.

如果数据库的正常关闭的话,将会触发一个checkpoint,同时将数据文件的END SCN号设置为相应数据文件的Start SCN号。当数据库启动时,发现它们是一致的,则不需要做instance recovery。在数据库正常启动后,ORACLE会将END SCN号设置为NULL.

如果数据库异常关闭的话,则END SCN号将为NULL.则需要做instance recovery.

1.3.1.3  为什么需要System checkpoint SCN号与Datafile Checkpoint SCN号

为什么ORACLE会在控制文件中记录System checkpoint SCN号的同时,还需要为每个数据文件记录Datafile Checkpoint SCN号?

原因有二:

1.对只读表空间,其数据文件的Datafile Checkpoint SCN、Start SCN和END SCN号均相同。

这三个SCN在表空间处于只读期间都将被冻结。

2.如果控制文件不是当前的控制文件,则System checkpoint会小于Start SCN或END SCN号。

记录这些SCN号,可以区分控制文件是否是当前的控制文件。

1.3.1.4  recover database using backup controlfile

当有一个Start SCN号超过了System Checkpoint SCN号时,则说明控制文件不是当前的控制文件,因此在做recover时需要采用using backup controlfile。这是为什么需要记录SystemCheckpoint SCN的原因之一。

这里需要一提的是,当重建控制文件的时候,System Checkpoint SCN为0,Datafile Checkpoint SCN的数据来自于Start SCN。根据上述的描述,此时需要采用using backup controlfile做recovery.

1.3.2  修改文件头推进SCN,跳过归档实现完全恢复

 一个表空间的数据文件损坏,使用以前的备份进行恢复,但是需要的归档文件无法提供,而且该表空间存放的是历史的数据,很少改变,但由于其它的原因(定时的往该表空间存储新数据),无法变成只读模式。

 这种情况下由于缺少归档,数据库无法recovery,但是跟该表空间相关的数据改变很少或者没有,这种情况下我们可以通过改变数据文件头的检查点号,让oracle避开对该文件的检查,实现完全恢复,及时打开数据库。

1、 数据库异常断电,导致users表空间的数据文件损坏

2、 从早期的备份中转储数据文件到目标位置

3、 对数据库进行recovery,假如归档日志损坏,该表空间没有被修改,但是没有变成read only,数据库无法做完全recovery,所以无法打开:

SQL> alter database open;

alter database open * ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 4 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/TIANJIN/users01.dbf'

SQL> recover database;

ORA-00279: change 1951719 generated at 08/25/2012 13:52:08 needed for thread 1 ORA-00289: suggestion :

/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch2_107_783745676.dbf

ORA-00280: change 1951719 for thread 1 is in sequence #107

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log

'/home/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch2_107_783745676.dbf'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

4、 由于该表空间没有被修改,归档日志里面应该没有记录有关该表空间被改变的信息,但是oracle不知道,所以它必须要用到归档,才能够进行recovery,此时,我们的解决办法是:把该表空间的数据文件头的检查点号改成跟控制文件记录的一样,那么oracle就不会做介质恢复,只做实例恢复,则就能够recovery成功,可以使用bbed来实现。

1.3.3  若文件在windows或ASM中怎么办

将数据库文件copy到linux或aix的FS中,BBED修改完成后在copy回数据库的文件位置。

1.3.4  RBA(Redo Block Address)

RBA就是redo entries在重做日志文件中所对应的地址

       A"Redo Block Address" (RBA) describes a physical location within aredo log file.

RBA 由以下三部分组成:

       (1)the log file sequence number (4 bytes)

       (2)the log file block number (4 bytes)

       (3)the byte offset into the block at which the redo record starts (2bytes)

如:RBA[0x19.2.10] 代表 Log squence25, Block number 2 with byte offset 16.

注意这里的格式:都是16进行。

Redo 与checkpoint 关系很大,当设置log_checkpoints_to_alert 参数为true后,checkpoint 发生时会写入alert log里。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

第二章 实验部分(一)

2.1  实验环境介绍

项目

db

db 类型

单实例

db version

11.2.0.3.0

db 存储

FS

主机IP地址/hosts配置

192.168.59.129

OS版本及kernel版本

Linux rhel5 2.6.18-194.el5 64位

归档模式

Archive Mode

ORACLE_SID

ora11g

2.2  实验目标

首先我们OS级别删除system文件,删除所有归档文件,然后利用以前的备份来还原system文件,最后利用BBED修改文件头,推进SCN号来打开数据库,另外一个实验是利用隐含参数_allow_resetlogs_corruption来打开数据库,能正常打开数据库就说明实验成功,关于丢不丢失数据这个另当别论,多一种恢复手段总是好事。

2.3  实验过程

2.3.1  模拟system数据文件丢失且删除归档

首先,rman备份1号system数据文件:

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 7 17:00:17 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=8302811)

RMAN> list backupset;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

specification does not match any backup in the repository

RMAN> list copy;

specification does not match any datafile copy in the repository

specification does not match any control file copy in the repository

specification does not match any archived log in the repository

RMAN> backup datafile 1;

Starting backup at 2016-04-07 17:00:35

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=133 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2016-04-07 17:00:36

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2016-04-07 17:03:24

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2016_04_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160407T170035_cjd8fn42_.bkp tag=TAG20160407T170035 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:49

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2016-04-07 17:03:26

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2016-04-07 17:03:29

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2016_04_07/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20160407T170035_cjd8lygf_.bkp tag=TAG20160407T170035 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

Finished backup at 2016-04-07 17:03:29

RMAN>

删除1号数据文件且删除归档,重启报错:

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 7 17:05:26 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SYS@ora11g> drop table T_LHR_20160407_02 ;

drop table T_LHR_20160407_02

           *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

SYS@ora11g>  create table T_LHR_20160407_02 as select * from all_objects;

Table created.

SYS@ora11g> update T_LHR_20160407_02 set object_id=100;

72458 rows updated.

SYS@ora11g> commit;

Commit complete.

SYS@ora11g>  alter database datafile 1 offline;

alter database datafile 1 offline

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01541: system tablespace cannot be brought offline; shut down if necessary

====》 SYSTEM表空间不能被offline,普通文件可以,我们os级别删除即可

SYS@ora11g> select count(1) from T_LHR_20160407_02;

  COUNT(1)

----------

     72458

SYS@ora11g> col name format a60

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2217678

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                             2218426              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                             2217678              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                            2217678              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                              2217678              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                           2217678              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                        2217678              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                              2217678              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                  NO             2218426 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                  NO             2217678 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                 NO             2217678 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                   NO             2217678 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                NO             2217678 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf             NO             2217678 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                   NO             2217678 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

no rows selected

SYS@ora11g>  alter system switch logfile;

/

/

System altered.

SYS@ora11g>

System altered.

SYS@ora11g>

System altered.

SYS@ora11g> col name format a60

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2220979

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                             2220979              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                             2220979              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                            2220979              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                              2220979              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                           2220979              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                        2220979              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                              2220979              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                  NO             2220979 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                  NO             2220979 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                 NO             2220979 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                   NO             2220979 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                NO             2220979 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf             NO             2220979 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                   NO             2220979 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

no rows selected

====》切换日志后我们可以看到scn号都保持一致,都是2220979 ,下边我们来删除1号文件

SYS@ora11g> ! rm /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

SYS@ora11g> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@ora11g> /

System altered.

SYS@ora11g> /

====》切换日志过程中有一定几率数据库down掉,若没有就shutdown abort掉,然后重启

SYS@ora11g> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@ora11g> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  513585152 bytes

Fixed Size                  2229864 bytes

Variable Size             390072728 bytes

Database Buffers          113246208 bytes

Redo Buffers                8036352 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_    CHANGE#

---------- ------- ----------

         1 ONLINE           0

SYS@ora11g>

SYS@ora11g> archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     1

Next log sequence to archive   2

Current log sequence           2

SYS@ora11g>

SYS@ora11g> show parameter  recovery

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

db_recovery_file_dest                string      /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_

                                                 area

db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer 4122M

recovery_parallelism                 integer     0

====》可以看到1号数据文件找不到,然后我们删除归档,确保不能通过recover来恢复

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# cd /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog

[oracle@rhel5:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog]# ll

total 4

drwxr-x--- 2 oracle asmadmin 4096 Apr  7 17:09 2016_04_07

[oracle@rhel5:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog]# rm -rf *

[oracle@rhel5:/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog]# cd

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]#

接下来,我们通过rman来还原1号数据文件,由于归档丢失,不能recover,若非system,undo的数据文件,我们可以offline 掉,然后就可以打开数据库了,但是system必须online才能打开数据库,所以目前数据库不能打开:

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# rman target /     

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 7 17:10:32 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=8302811, not open)

RMAN> restore datafile 1;

Starting restore at 2016-04-07 17:10:40

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=129 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2016_04_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160407T170035_cjd8fn42_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2016_04_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160407T170035_cjd8fn42_.bkp tag=TAG20160407T170035

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:55

Finished restore at 2016-04-07 17:12:36

RMAN> recover datafile 1;

Starting recover at 2016-04-07 17:14:48

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/07/2016 17:14:49

RMAN-06053: unable to perform media recovery because of missing log

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 11 and starting SCN of 2221005 found to restore

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 10 and starting SCN of 2221002 found to restore

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 9 and starting SCN of 2220999 found to restore

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 and starting SCN of 2220996 found to restore

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 7 and starting SCN of 2220979 found to restore

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 6 and starting SCN of 2220975 found to restore

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 5 and starting SCN of 2220972 found to restore

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 4 and starting SCN of 2217677 found to restore

RMAN> recover datafile 1 until sequence 3 thread 1;

Starting recover at 2016-04-07 17:20:09

using channel ORA_DISK_1

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/07/2016 17:20:09

RMAN-06556: datafile 1 must be restored from backup older than SCN 2197424

====》可以看到由于归档丢失,不能执行recover操作,rman的不完全恢复也不能完成,下边通过SQL的不完全恢复试试

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 7 17:20:49 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SYS@ora11g> archive log list

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     10

Next log sequence to archive   12

Current log sequence           12

SYS@ora11g> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g>  recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;

ORA-00279: change 2218426 generated at 04/07/2016 17:00:36 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc

ORA-00280: change 2218426 for thread 1 is in sequence #4

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below

ORA-01194: file 2 needs more recovery to be consistent

ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SYS@ora11g> alter database open ressetlogs;

alter database open ressetlogs

                    *

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-02288: invalid OPEN mode

SYS@ora11g> alter database open resetlogs;

alter database open resetlogs

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01194: file 2 needs more recovery to be consistent

ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g> col name format a60

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2221005

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                             2221005              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                             2221005              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                            2221005              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                              2221005              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                           2221005              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                        2221005              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                              2221005              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                                 2218426 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                                 2221005 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                                2221005 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                                  2221005 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                               2221005 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                            2221005 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                                  2221005 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_    CHANGE#

---------- ------- ----------

         1 ONLINE     2218426

SYS@ora11g>

可以看到1号文件和其他文件的Ckp SCN 不同,所以数据库不能打开,下边分别介绍基于隐含参数_allow_resetlogs_corruption 和 BBED修改文件头来恢复打开数据库。

2.3.1.1  方法一:隐含参数_allow_resetlogs_corruption

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 7 17:20:49 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SYS@ora11g> archive log list

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     10

Next log sequence to archive   12

Current log sequence           12

SYS@ora11g> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 1 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g>  recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;

ORA-00279: change 2218426 generated at 04/07/2016 17:00:36 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc

ORA-00280: change 2218426 for thread 1 is in sequence #4

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below

ORA-01194: file 2 needs more recovery to be consistent

ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SYS@ora11g> alter database open resetlogs;

alter database open resetlogs

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01194: file 2 needs more recovery to be consistent

ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g> col name format a60

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2221005

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                             2221005              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                             2221005              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                            2221005              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                              2221005              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                           2221005              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                        2221005              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                              2221005              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                                 2218426 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                                 2221005 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                                2221005 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                                  2221005 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                               2221005 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                            2221005 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                                  2221005 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_    CHANGE#

---------- ------- ----------

         1 ONLINE     2218426

SYS@ora11g>

SYS@ora11g>

SYS@ora11g> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;

System altered.

SYS@ora11g> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;

ORA-00279: change 2218426 generated at 04/07/2016 17:00:36 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc

ORA-00280: change 2218426 for thread 1 is in sequence #4

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below

ORA-01194: file 2 needs more recovery to be consistent

ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g> alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SYS@ora11g>

SYS@ora11g> alter database open resetlogs;

alter database open resetlogs

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01194: file 2 needs more recovery to be consistent

ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf'

====》 不完全恢复不能打开数据库,只能采用隐含参数了

SYS@ora11g>

SYS@ora11g> startup force

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  513585152 bytes

Fixed Size                  2229864 bytes

Variable Size             390072728 bytes

Database Buffers          113246208 bytes

Redo Buffers                8036352 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

SYS@ora11g> alter database open resetlogs;

alter database open resetlogs

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Process ID: 15341

Session ID: 191 Serial number: 3

SYS@ora11g> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 7 17:28:54 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SYS@ora11g> startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  513585152 bytes

Fixed Size                  2229864 bytes

Variable Size             390072728 bytes

Database Buffers          113246208 bytes

Redo Buffers                8036352 bytes

Database mounted.

SYS@ora11g> alter database open;

Database altered.

SYS@ora11g> col name format a60

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2238438

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                             2238438              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                             2238438              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                            2238438              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                              2238438              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                           2238438              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                        2238438              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                              2238438              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                  NO             2238438 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                  NO             2238438 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                 NO             2238438 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                   NO             2238438 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                NO             2238438 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf             NO             2238438 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                   NO             2238438 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

====》ckp scn 一致,数据库打开,下边我们把_allow_resetlogs_corruption这个参数从spfile中删除,然后备份数据库,我们测试就把该参数删除即可

SYS@ora11g> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=false scope=spfile;

System altered.

SYS@ora11g> alter system reset "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"  scope=spfile sid='*';

System altered.

SYS@ora11g> shutdown immediate

Database closed.

Database dismounted.

ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@ora11g> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  513585152 bytes

Fixed Size                  2229864 bytes

Variable Size             390072728 bytes

Database Buffers          113246208 bytes

Redo Buffers                8036352 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SYS@ora11g> show parameter _allow_resetlogs_corruption

SYS@ora11g>

====》隐含参数已从spfile中清除掉了,备份数据库即可

告警日志:

ALTER DATABASE OPEN

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc:

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

ORA-1589 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE OPEN...

alter database open resetlogs

RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result

in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.

RESETLOGS after incomplete recovery UNTIL CHANGE 2218426

Archived Log entry 46 added for thread 1 sequence 10 ID 0x94f151 dest 1:

Thu Apr 07 17:28:15 2016

Archived Log entry 47 added for thread 1 sequence 11 ID 0x94f151 dest 1:

Archived Log entry 48 added for thread 1 sequence 12 ID 0x94f151 dest 1:

Clearing online redo logfile 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo01.log

Clearing online log 1 of thread 1 sequence number 10

Clearing online redo logfile 1 complete

Clearing online redo logfile 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo02.log

Clearing online log 2 of thread 1 sequence number 11

Clearing online redo logfile 2 complete

Clearing online redo logfile 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo03.log

Clearing online log 3 of thread 1 sequence number 12

Clearing online redo logfile 3 complete

Resetting resetlogs activation ID 9761105 (0x94f151)

Online log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo01.log: Thread 1 Group 1 was previously cleared

Online log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo02.log: Thread 1 Group 2 was previously cleared

Online log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo03.log: Thread 1 Group 3 was previously cleared

Thu Apr 07 17:28:25 2016

Setting recovery target incarnation to 4

Thu Apr 07 17:28:25 2016

Assigning activation ID 9776087 (0x952bd7)

LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES

Thu Apr 07 17:28:25 2016

ARC0 started with pid=21, OS id=15440

ARC0: Archival started

LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE

ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES

Thu Apr 07 17:28:26 2016

ARC1 started with pid=22, OS id=15447

Thu Apr 07 17:28:26 2016

ARC2 started with pid=23, OS id=15450

Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1

  Current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo01.log

Successful open of redo thread 1

Thu Apr 07 17:28:27 2016

MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set

Thu Apr 07 17:28:27 2016

SMON: enabling cache recovery

Thu Apr 07 17:28:27 2016

ARC3 started with pid=24, OS id=15452

ARC1: Archival started

ARC2: Archival started

ARC1: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH

ARC1: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH

ARC2: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH

ARC3: Archival started

ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc  (incident=39761):

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/incident/incdir_39761/ora11g_ora_15341_i39761.trc

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/incident/incdir_39761/ora11g_ora_15341_i39761.trc:

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_10_cjd8vcy1_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Thu Apr 07 17:28:35 2016

Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20160407172835], requested by (instance=1, osid=15341), summary=[incident=39761].

Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.

See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc:

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc:

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Error 600 happened during db open, shutting down database

USER (ospid: 15341): terminating the instance due to error 600

Thu Apr 07 17:28:35 2016

ORA-1092 : opitsk aborting process

Thu Apr 07 17:28:35 2016

ORA-1092 : opitsk aborting process

Instance terminated by USER, pid = 15341

ORA-1092 signalled during: alter database open resetlogs...

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc  (incident=39762):

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/incident/incdir_39762/ora11g_ora_15341_i39762.trc

Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.

See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc  (incident=39763):

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/incident/incdir_39763/ora11g_ora_15341_i39763.trc

Thu Apr 07 17:28:37 2016

Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.

See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc:

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc:

ORA-27300: OS system dependent operation:semctl failed with status: 22

ORA-27301: OS failure message: Invalid argument

ORA-27302: failure occurred at: sskgpwpost1

ORA-27303: additional information: semid = 4292611

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc  (incident=39764):

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/incident/incdir_39764/ora11g_ora_15341_i39764.trc

Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.

See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc:

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc:

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Thu Apr 07 17:28:39 2016

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_15341.trc  (incident=40809):

ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/incident/incdir_40809/ora11g_ora_15341_i40809.trc

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/incident/incdir_40809/ora11g_ora_15341_i40809.trc:

ORA-00603: ORACLE server session terminated by fatal error

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218438], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218437], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [2662], [0], [2218434], [0], [2218967], [12583040], [], [], [], [], [], []

Thu Apr 07 17:29:01 2016

Adjusting the default value of parameter parallel_max_servers

from 160 to 135 due to the value of parameter processes (150)

Starting ORACLE instance (normal)

LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0

LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0

Picked latch-free SCN scheme 3

Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Autotune of undo retention is turned on.

IMODE=BR

ILAT =27

LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0

SYS auditing is disabled

Starting up:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options.

ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

System name:    Linux

Node name:      rhel5

Release:        2.6.18-194.el5

Version:        #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:39 EDT 2010

Machine:        x86_64

VM name:        VMWare Version: 6

Using parameter settings in server-side spfile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/spfileora11g.ora

System parameters with non-default values:

  processes                = 150

  memory_target            = 492M

  control_files            = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/control01.ctl"

  control_files            = "/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ora11g/control02.ctl"

  db_block_size            = 8192

  compatible               = "11.2.0.0.0"

  db_recovery_file_dest    = "/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area"

  db_recovery_file_dest_size= 4122M

  _allow_resetlogs_corruption= TRUE

  undo_tablespace          = "UNDOTBS1"

  remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"

  db_domain                = ""

  dispatchers              = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ora11gXDB)"

  audit_file_dest          = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/ora11g/adump"

  audit_trail              = "DB"

  db_name                  = "ora11g"

  open_cursors             = 300

  diagnostic_dest          = "/u01/app/oracle"

Thu Apr 07 17:29:01 2016

PMON started with pid=2, OS id=15634

Thu Apr 07 17:29:01 2016

PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=15636

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

VKTM started with pid=4, OS id=15641 at elevated priority

VKTM running at (1)millisec precision with DBRM quantum (100)ms

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

GEN0 started with pid=5, OS id=15645

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

DIAG started with pid=6, OS id=15647

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

DBRM started with pid=7, OS id=15649

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

DIA0 started with pid=8, OS id=15651

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

MMAN started with pid=9, OS id=15655

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

DBW0 started with pid=10, OS id=15657

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

LGWR started with pid=11, OS id=15660

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

CKPT started with pid=12, OS id=15662

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

SMON started with pid=13, OS id=15664

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

RECO started with pid=14, OS id=15666

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

MMON started with pid=15, OS id=15668

Thu Apr 07 17:29:02 2016

MMNL started with pid=16, OS id=15670

starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...

starting up 1 shared server(s) ...

ORACLE_BASE from environment = /u01/app/oracle

Thu Apr 07 17:29:03 2016

ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT

Thu Apr 07 17:29:06 2016

Sweep [inc][40809]: completed

Sweep [inc][39764]: completed

Sweep [inc][39763]: completed

Sweep [inc][39762]: completed

Sweep [inc][39761]: completed

Sweep [inc2][40809]: completed

Sweep [inc2][39764]: completed

Sweep [inc2][39763]: completed

Sweep [inc2][39762]: completed

Sweep [inc2][39761]: completed

Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 9775647

Database mounted in Exclusive Mode

Lost write protection disabled

Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT

Thu Apr 07 17:29:11 2016

alter database open

Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads

parallel recovery started with 3 processes

Started redo scan

Completed redo scan

read 1 KB redo, 3 data blocks need recovery

Started redo application at

Thread 1: logseq 1, block 3, scn 2218432

Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 1 Reading mem 0

  Mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo01.log

Completed redo application of 0.00MB

Completed crash recovery at

Thread 1: logseq 1, block 5, scn 2238435

3 data blocks read, 3 data blocks written, 1 redo k-bytes read

LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES

Thu Apr 07 17:29:11 2016

ARC0 started with pid=24, OS id=15751

ARC0: Archival started

LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE

ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES

Thu Apr 07 17:29:12 2016

ARC1 started with pid=25, OS id=15756

Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 2 (thread open)

Thu Apr 07 17:29:12 2016

ARC2 started with pid=26, OS id=15758

Thread 1 opened at log sequence 2

  Current log# 2 seq# 2 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo02.log

Successful open of redo thread 1

MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set

SMON: enabling cache recovery

Thu Apr 07 17:29:12 2016

ARC3 started with pid=27, OS id=15760

ARC1: Archival started

ARC2: Archival started

ARC1: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH

ARC1: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH

ARC2: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH

Archived Log entry 49 added for thread 1 sequence 1 ID 0x952bd7 dest 1:

ARC3: Archival started

ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE

[15725] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.

Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:85654704 end:85655584 diff:880 (8 seconds)

Dictionary check beginning

Dictionary check complete

Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..

Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed

Thu Apr 07 17:29:13 2016

SMON: enabling tx recovery

Database Characterset is AL32UTF8

No Resource Manager plan active

replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)

Starting background process QMNC

Thu Apr 07 17:29:16 2016

QMNC started with pid=28, OS id=15774

LOGSTDBY: Validating controlfile with logical metadata

LOGSTDBY: Validation complete

Completed: alter database open

Thu Apr 07 17:29:24 2016

db_recovery_file_dest_size of 4122 MB is 18.36% used. This is a

user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this

database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of

space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.

Thu Apr 07 17:29:24 2016

Starting background process CJQ0

Thu Apr 07 17:29:24 2016

CJQ0 started with pid=31, OS id=15820

通过_allow_resetlogs_corruption跳过数据库的一致性检查,成功打开数据库,但也有些案例由于各种原因即使加上该参数也不能打开库,这个时候就得靠我们的BBED了,切记resetlogs后立即备份数据库

2.3.1.2  方法二:bbed 恢复--修改文件头推进SCN,跳过归档实现完全恢复

首先查看system文件头的scn号:

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 7 17:41:50 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SYS@ora11g> col name format a60

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2239089

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                             2239089              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                             2239089              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                            2239089              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                              2239089              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                           2239089              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                        2239089              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                              2239089              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                                 2218426 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                  NO             2239089 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                 NO             2239089 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                   NO             2239089 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                NO             2239089 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf             NO             2239089 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                   NO             2239089 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_    CHANGE#

---------- ------- ----------

         1 ONLINE     2218426

SYS@ora11g>

SYS@ora11g> select to_char(2239089,'xxxxxxxxxxx'),to_char(2218426,'xxxxxxxxxxx') FROM DUAL;

TO_CHAR(2239 TO_CHAR(2218

------------ ------------

      222a71       21d9ba      ====》将十进制转换为十六进制 

SYS@ora11g>

当前ckp scn是2218426(十六进制:21d9ba),需要修改ckp scn到2239089(十六进制:222a71)才可以启动数据库,下边我们通过bbed来修改:

 

BBED编译准备代码,编译过程参考:

make -f $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk BBED=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed $ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed

vi /home/oracle/file.txt

set line 9999 pagesize 9999

select file#||' '||name||' '||bytes from v$datafile;

vi /home/oracle/bbed.par

blocksize=8192

listfile=/home/oracle/file.txt

mode=edit

bbed parfile=/home/oracle/bbed.par

 

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# ll

total 51328

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle dba            56 Apr  7 09:38 bbed.par

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle dba         27648 Apr  7 16:13 bifile.bbd

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle dba          4096 Apr  7 09:38 Desktop

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle dba          4096 Apr  7 09:38 dul

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle dba           393 Apr  7 17:46 file.txt

drwxr-xr-x 8 oracle dba          4096 Apr  7 09:38 gdul

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle dba          7354 Apr  7 16:31 log.bbd

-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle dba      52436992 Apr  7 09:38 lxtbs01.dbf

drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall     4096 Apr  7 10:41 oradiag_oracle

drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle dba          4096 Apr  7 09:38 rman_bak

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# cat bbed.par

blocksize=8192

listfile=/home/oracle/file.txt

mode=edit

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# cat file.txt

1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf 754974720

2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf 765460480

3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf 73400320

4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf 11796480

5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf 10485760

6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf 20971520

7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf 52428800

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# bbed parfile=bbed.par

Password:

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Thu Apr 7 17:46:53 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED> info

File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)

-----  ----                                                        ----------

     1  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                      92160

     2  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                      93440

     3  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                      8960

     4  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                        1440

     5  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                     1280

     6  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                  2560

     7  /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                        6400

BBED> set dba 1,1  

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

BBED> show

        FILE#           1

        BLOCK#          1

        OFFSET          0

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        FILENAME        /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

        BIFILE          bifile.bbd

        LISTFILE        /home/oracle/file.txt

        BLOCKSIZE       8192

        MODE            Edit

        EDIT            Unrecoverable

        IBASE           Dec

        OBASE           Dec

        WIDTH           80

        COUNT           512

        LOGFILE         log.bbd

        SPOOL           No

BBED>

BBED> p kcvfhckp

struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                   @484    

   struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x0021d9ba

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000

   ub4 kcvcptim                             @492      0x36277bb4

   ub2 kcvcpthr                             @496      0x0001

   union u, 12 bytes                        @500    

      struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes             @500    

         ub4 kcrbaseq                       @500      0x00000004

         ub4 kcrbabno                       @504      0x0000099d

         ub2 kcrbabof                       @508      0x0010

   ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                          @512      0x02

   ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                          @513      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                          @514      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                          @515      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                          @516      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                          @517      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                          @518      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                          @519      0x00

====》这里我们看到0x0021d9ba 这个值就是我们刚刚查到的1号数据文件的文件头的ckp scn号,我们dump一下文件头块,看看是如何存储的:

BBED> d /v dba 1,1 offset 484 count 64

File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  484 to  547  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

 bad92100 00000000 b47b2736 01000000 l ........

04000000 9d090000 1000e080 02000000 l ............

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

====》很奇怪,我们看到的是bad92100,而不是我们期望的0021d9ba,2个存储正好相反,我们的实验环境是linux的,属于little字节序,在aix下这2个值的顺序是一致的,这一点尤其得注意,下边我们通过modify修改的时候也必须倒置,也就是原本的2239089(十六进制:222a71) ,修改的时候为:712a71,还有2个0必须省略,如下

BBED> modify /x 712a22 dba 1,1 offset 484

Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) y

File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  484 to  547           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

712a2200 00000000 b47b2736 01000000 04000000 9d090000 1000e080 02000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

BBED> d /v dba 1,1 offset 484 count 64

File: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  484 to  547  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

 712a2200 00000000 b47b2736 01000000 l q*".........

04000000 9d090000 1000e080 02000000 l ............

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

====》可以看到已经修改了

BBED> p kcvfhckp

struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                   @484    

   struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x00222a71

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000

   ub4 kcvcptim                             @492      0x36277bb4

   ub2 kcvcpthr                             @496      0x0001

   union u, 12 bytes                        @500    

      struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes             @500    

         ub4 kcrbaseq                       @500      0x00000004

         ub4 kcrbabno                       @504      0x0000099d

         ub2 kcrbabof                       @508      0x0010

   ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                          @512      0x02

   ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                          @513      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                          @514      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                          @515      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                          @516      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                          @517      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                          @518      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                          @519      0x00

BBED> sum apply ====》应用bbed的修改

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x2a6c, required = 0x2a6c

BBED>

查看数据文件的ckp scn号,已经保持一致了:

SYS@ora11g> col name format a50

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2239089

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                               CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                   2239089              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                   2239089              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                  2239089              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                    2239089              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                 2239089              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf              2239089              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                    2239089              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                               REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- -------------------------------------------------- --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                       2239089 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf        NO             2239089 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf       NO             2239089 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf         NO             2239089 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf      NO             2239089 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf   NO             2239089 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf         NO             2239089 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_    CHANGE#

---------- ------- ----------

         1 ONLINE     2239089

SYS@ora11g> recover datafile 1;

Media recovery complete.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

no rows selected

SYS@ora11g> alter database open;

Database altered.

====》 数据库正常打开,没有使用resetlogs方式,o(∩_∩)o 哈哈

一般情况下数据库可以正常打开,下边要做的就是备份数据库,或者expdp重新组织库,值得说明的是,我做实验是先利用隐含参数去恢复的,做了resetlogs操作,然后采用bbed来恢复,结果recover数据文件的时候说备份属于一个orphan incarnation,这个其实rman里边reset一下就好了,下边的内容也属于插曲,简单记录一下:

SYS@ora11g> recover datafile 1;

ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors

ORA-19909: datafile 1 belongs to an orphan incarnation

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf'

SYS@ora11g> exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Thu Apr 07 17:51:50 2016

告警日志看到属于incarnation#=3:

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 1 

Media Recovery Start

Serial Media Recovery started

Datafile 1 (ckpscn 2239089) is orphaned on incarnation#=3

Media Recovery failed with error 19909

ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 1  ...

下边通过rman来reset database:

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Apr 7 17:52:47 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=8302811, not open)

RMAN> list incarnation of database;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Database Incarnations

DB Key  Inc Key DB Name  DB ID            STATUS  Reset SCN  Reset Time

------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------

1       1       ORA11G   8302811          PARENT  1          2011-09-17 09:46:04

2       2       ORA11G   8302811          PARENT  995548     2016-03-21 11:53:04

3       3       ORA11G   8302811          PARENT  2157406    2016-04-07 16:44:29

4       4       ORA11G   8302811          CURRENT 2218427    2016-04-07 17:28:05

RMAN> list backupset;

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------

8       Full    628.38M    DISK        00:02:46     2016-04-07 17:03:22

        BP Key: 8   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20160407T170035

        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2016_04_07/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160407T170035_cjd8fn42_.bkp

  List of Datafiles in backup set 8

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----

  1       Full 2218426    2016-04-07 17:00:36 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------

9       Full    9.64M      DISK        00:00:02     2016-04-07 17:03:27

        BP Key: 9   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20160407T170035

        Piece Name: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/backupset/2016_04_07/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20160407T170035_cjd8lygf_.bkp

  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 2016-04-07 16:49:24

  SPFILE db_unique_name: ORA11G

  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 2218482      Ckp time: 2016-04-07 17:03:24

RMAN> reset database to incarnation 3;

database reset to incarnation 3

RMAN> list incarnation of database;

List of Database Incarnations

DB Key  Inc Key DB Name  DB ID            STATUS  Reset SCN  Reset Time

------- ------- -------- ---------------- --- ---------- ----------

1       1       ORA11G   8302811          PARENT  1          2011-09-17 09:46:04

2       2       ORA11G   8302811          PARENT  995548     2016-03-21 11:53:04

3       3       ORA11G   8302811          CURRENT 2157406    2016-04-07 16:44:29

4       4       ORA11G   8302811          ORPHAN  2218427    2016-04-07 17:28:05

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.

[oracle@rhel5:/home/oracle]# sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Apr 7 17:54:33 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SYS@ora11g> col name format a50

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2239089

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                               CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                   2239089              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                   2239089              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                  2239089              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                    2239089              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                 2239089              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf              2239089              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                    2239089              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                               REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- -------------------------------------------------- --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                       2239089 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf        NO             2239089 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf       NO             2239089 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf         NO             2239089 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf      NO             2239089 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf   NO             2239089 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf         NO             2239089 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_    CHANGE#

---------- ------- ----------

         1 ONLINE     2239089

SYS@ora11g>

SYS@ora11g> recover datafile 1;

ORA-00279: change 2239089 generated at 04/07/2016 17:00:36 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc

ORA-00280: change 2239089 for thread 1 is in sequence #4

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

ORA-00308: cannot open archived log '/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_    CHANGE#

---------- ------- ----------

         1 ONLINE     2239089

         2 ONLINE     2239089

         3 ONLINE     2239089

         4 ONLINE     2239089

         5 ONLINE     2239089

         6 ONLINE     2239089

         7 ONLINE     2239089

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> col name format a50

SYS@ora11g> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           2239089

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                               CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                   2239089              SYSTEM

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                   2239089              ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                  2239089              ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                    2239089              ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                 2239089              ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf              2239089              ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                    2239089              ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                               REC CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- -------------------------------------------------- --- ------------------ -------

         1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/system01.dbf                       2239089 ONLINE

         2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/sysaux01.dbf                       2239089 ONLINE

         3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/undotbs01.dbf                      2239089 ONLINE

         4 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/users01.dbf                        2239089 ONLINE

         5 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/test_dul01.dbf                     2239089 ONLINE

         6 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/TS_TRUNCATE01.dbf                  2239089 ONLINE

         7 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/lxtbs01.dbf                        2239089 ONLINE

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g> select file#,online_status,change# from v$recover_file;

recover datafile 1;

     FILE# ONLINE_    CHANGE#

---------- ------- ----------

         1 ONLINE     2239089

         2 ONLINE     2239089

         3 ONLINE     2239089

         4 ONLINE     2239089

         5 ONLINE     2239089

         6 ONLINE     2239089

         7 ONLINE     2239089

7 rows selected.

SYS@ora11g>  alter database open;

alter database open

*

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

====》 看来reset 数据库后只能resetlogs方式打开数据库了

SYS@ora11g> alter database open resetlogs;

Database altered.

SYS@ora11g>

告警日志:

Thu Apr 07 17:52:29 2016

db_recovery_file_dest_size of 4122 MB is 18.36% used. This is a

user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this

database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of

space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.

Thu Apr 07 17:54:07 2016

Setting recovery target incarnation to 3

Thu Apr 07 17:54:58 2016

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 1 

Media Recovery Start

Serial Media Recovery started

ARCH: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES

Thu Apr 07 17:54:59 2016

ARC0 started with pid=21, OS id=20808

ARC0: Archival started

ARCH: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE

ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES

Warning: Recovery target destination is in a sibling branch

of the controlfile checkpoint. Recovery will only recover

changes to datafiles.

Thu Apr 07 17:55:00 2016

ARC1 started with pid=22, OS id=20813

Thu Apr 07 17:55:00 2016

ARC2 started with pid=23, OS id=20815

Thu Apr 07 17:55:00 2016

ARC3 started with pid=24, OS id=20817

ARC1: Archival started

ARC2: Archival started

ARC2: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH

ARC2: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH

ARC1: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH

ORA-279 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 1  ...

ARC3: Archival started

ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE

Thu Apr 07 17:55:22 2016

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT 

Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc

Errors with log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc

ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  ...

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT 

Media Recovery Log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc

Errors with log /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORA11G/archivelog/2016_04_07/o1_mf_1_4_cjd8sssx_.arc

ORA-308 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER    CONTINUE DEFAULT  ...

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL

Media Recovery Canceled

Completed: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER CANCEL

Thu Apr 07 17:55:46 2016

ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 1 

Media Recovery Start

Serial Media Recovery started

Media Recovery failed with error 1610

ORA-283 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE RECOVER  datafile 1  ...

Thu Apr 07 17:56:04 2016

alter database open

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ora11g/ora11g/trace/ora11g_ora_20712.trc:

ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open

ORA-1589 signalled during: alter database open...

alter database open resetlogs

RESETLOGS is being done without consistancy checks. This may result

in a corrupted database. The database should be recreated.

RESETLOGS after incomplete recovery UNTIL CHANGE 2239089

Archived Log entry 77 added for thread 1 sequence 28 ID 0x952bd7 dest 1:

Archived Log entry 78 added for thread 1 sequence 29 ID 0x952bd7 dest 1:

Archived Log entry 79 added for thread 1 sequence 27 ID 0x952bd7 dest 1:

Clearing online redo logfile 1 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo01.log

Clearing online log 1 of thread 1 sequence number 28

Clearing online redo logfile 1 complete

Clearing online redo logfile 2 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo02.log

Clearing online log 2 of thread 1 sequence number 29

Clearing online redo logfile 2 complete

Clearing online redo logfile 3 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo03.log

Clearing online log 3 of thread 1 sequence number 27

Thu Apr 07 17:56:16 2016

Clearing online redo logfile 3 complete

Resetting resetlogs activation ID 9776087 (0x952bd7)

Online log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo01.log: Thread 1 Group 1 was previously cleared

Online log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo02.log: Thread 1 Group 2 was previously cleared

Online log /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo03.log: Thread 1 Group 3 was previously cleared

Thu Apr 07 17:56:16 2016

Setting recovery target incarnation to 5

Thu Apr 07 17:56:16 2016

Assigning activation ID 9778453 (0x953515)

Thread 1 opened at log sequence 1

  Current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ora11g/redo01.log

Successful open of redo thread 1

MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set

Thu Apr 07 17:56:16 2016

SMON: enabling cache recovery

[20712] Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 2.

Undo initialization finished serial:0 start:87282814 end:87284294 diff:1480 (14 seconds)

Dictionary check beginning

Dictionary check complete

Verifying file header compatibility for 11g tablespace encryption..

Verifying 11g file header compatibility for tablespace encryption completed

SMON: enabling tx recovery

Database Characterset is AL32UTF8

Thu Apr 07 17:56:27 2016

No Resource Manager plan active

replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)

Starting background process QMNC

Thu Apr 07 17:56:29 2016

QMNC started with pid=25, OS id=21121

LOGSTDBY: Validating controlfile with logical metadata

LOGSTDBY: Validation complete

Thu Apr 07 17:56:36 2016

ORA-1 encountered when generating server alert SMG-4120

Thu Apr 07 17:56:40 2016

Completed: alter database open resetlogs

ORA-1 encountered when generating server alert SMG-4121

Thu Apr 07 17:56:47 2016

Starting background process CJQ0

Thu Apr 07 17:56:47 2016

CJQ0 started with pid=29, OS id=21198

Thu Apr 07 17:56:51 2016

Time drift detected. Please check VKTM trace file for more details.

2.4  实验总结

通过隐含参数或BBED修改文件头都可以恢复这种丢失归档文件情况下的数据文件的恢复,至于丢不丢失数据就看情况了,比如普通文件,被offline 掉了,也没有任何数据更新,那么我们恢复该数据文件后就不会丢失数据。至于哪种方式更好一点,不能一概而论,我测试的时候可能由于多次修改多次resetlogs的缘故,单独的隐含参数或bbed都不能成功打开库,而是两者结合最后修复了,所以还是得灵活运用。

小麦苗的箴言:多做实验多思考!

第三章 实验部分(二)

三.1  实验环境介绍

项目

db

db 类型

单实例

db version

11.2.0.4.0

db 存储

FS

主机IP地址/hosts配置

192.168.59.129

OS版本及kernel版本

AIX 7.1 64位

归档模式

Archive Mode

ORACLE_SID

oralhr

三.2  实验目标

首先我们OS级别删除system文件,删除其中的一个归档文件,利用以前的备份来还原system文件,最后利用BBED修改文件头到丢失日志的下一个日志号来模拟尽可能少的丢失数据的情况。

三.3  实验过程

三.3.1  模拟system数据文件丢失且删除其中一个归档

首先,rman备份1号system数据文件:

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 14:30:41 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORALHR (DBID=394957205)

RMAN> list backupset;

specification does not match any backup in the repository

RMAN> list copy;

specification does not match any datafile copy in the repository

specification does not match any control file copy in the repository

specification does not match any archived log in the repository

RMAN> list archivelog all;

specification does not match any archived log in the repository

RMAN> backup datafile 1;

Starting backup at 2016-04-11 14:31:42

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

input datafile file number=00001 name=/oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2016-04-11 14:31:42

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2016-04-11 14:31:45

piece handle=/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/backupset/2016_04_11/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160411T143142_cjpk6gt0_.bkp tag=TAG20160411T143142 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set

including current control file in backup set

including current SPFILE in backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 2016-04-11 14:31:46

channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 2016-04-11 14:31:47

piece handle=/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/backupset/2016_04_11/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20160411T143142_cjpk6lwq_.bkp tag=TAG20160411T143142 comment=NONE

channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

Finished backup at 2016-04-11 14:31:47

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets

===================

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time   

------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -------------------

45      Full    657.98M    DISK        00:00:03     2016-04-11 14:31:45

        BP Key: 45   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20160411T143142

        Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/backupset/2016_04_11/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160411T143142_cjpk6gt0_.bkp

  List of Datafiles in backup set 45

  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time            Name

  ---- -- ---- ---------- ------------------- ----

  1       Full 1283795    2016-04-11 14:31:42 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf

RMAN>

RMAN> exit

Recovery Manager complete.

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>

新建一个表t_lhr_20160411_02,每次插入一条数据,然后每3次insert操作后执行一次switch logfile的操作,保证每个归档文件里有3条insert的操作记录:

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Apr 11 14:36:12 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@oralhr> archive log list;

Database log mode              Archive Mode

Automatic archival             Enabled

Archive destination            USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

Oldest online log sequence     44

Next log sequence to archive   46

Current log sequence           46

SYS@oralhr> show parameter DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST

NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE

------------------------------------ ---------------------- ------------------------------

db_recovery_file_dest                string                 /oracle/app/oracle

db_recovery_file_dest_size           big integer            4182M

SYS@oralhr> col status for a10

SYS@oralhr> select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- -------------------

         1         46 CURRENT          1282753 2016-04-11 13:55:44

         2         44 INACTIVE         1282665 2016-04-11 13:55:01

         3         45 INACTIVE         1282745 2016-04-11 13:55:44

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@oralhr> select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- -------------------

         1         46 ACTIVE           1282753 2016-04-11 13:55:44

         2         47 CURRENT          1283935 2016-04-11 14:37:10

         3         45 INACTIVE         1282745 2016-04-11 13:55:44

====》 当前日志序列是47号,47号我们建表和插入3条数据:

SYS@oralhr> create table t_lhr_20160411_02(id number);

Table created.

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(1);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(2);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(3);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> commit;

Commit complete.

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

====》 当前日志序列是48号,48号我们插入3条数据:

SYS@oralhr>  select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- -------------------

         1         46 ACTIVE           1282753 2016-04-11 13:55:44

         2         47 ACTIVE           1283935 2016-04-11 14:37:10

         3         48 CURRENT          1284002 2016-04-11 14:39:47

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(4);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(5);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(6);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> commit;

Commit complete.

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

====》 当前日志序列是49号,49号我们插入3条数据:

SYS@oralhr> select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- -------------------

         1         49 CURRENT          1284016 2016-04-11 14:40:18

         2         47 ACTIVE           1283935 2016-04-11 14:37:10

         3         48 ACTIVE           1284002 2016-04-11 14:39:47

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(7); 

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(8);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(9);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> commit;

Commit complete.

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

====》建表操作在47号日志,47,48,49分别插入了3条记录,t_lhr_20160411_02共9条记录 

SYS@oralhr> select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- -------------------

         1         49 ACTIVE           1284016 2016-04-11 14:40:18

         2         50 CURRENT          1284034 2016-04-11 14:40:54

         3         48 ACTIVE           1284002 2016-04-11 14:39:47

SYS@oralhr> select count(1) from t_lhr_20160411_02;

  COUNT(1)

----------

         9

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> select name from v$datafile;

NAME

--------------------------------------------------------------------

/oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf

/oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf

/oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf

/oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/users01.dbf

/oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/example01.dbf

====》删除1号文件 

SYS@oralhr> ! rm /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@oralhr> select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- -------------------

         1         52 INACTIVE         1284103 2016-04-11 14:43:48

         2         53 CURRENT          1284106 2016-04-11 14:43:51

         3         51 INACTIVE         1284100 2016-04-11 14:43:45

====》53号日志插入一条记录,则t_lhr_20160411_02共10条记录 

SYS@oralhr> insert into t_lhr_20160411_02 values(10);

1 row created.

SYS@oralhr> commit;

Commit complete.

SYS@oralhr> select count(1) from t_lhr_20160411_02;

  COUNT(1)

----------

        10

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

SYS@oralhr> alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered.

SYS@oralhr> select count(1) from dba_objects;

  COUNT(1)

----------

     86827

SYS@oralhr> alter system flush buffer_cache;

System altered.

SYS@oralhr> alter system switch logfile;

System altered.

====》切换日志过程中有一定几率数据库down掉,若没有就shutdown abort掉,然后重启

SYS@oralhr> select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- -------------------

         1         55 CURRENT          1284157 2016-04-11 14:46:06

         2         53 INACTIVE         1284106 2016-04-11 14:43:51

         3         54 INACTIVE         1284128 2016-04-11 14:44:51

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> shutdown abort

ORACLE instance shut down.

SYS@oralhr> startup

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 3089920000 bytes

Fixed Size                  2250360 bytes

Variable Size             721422728 bytes

Database Buffers         2348810240 bytes

Redo Buffers               17436672 bytes

Database mounted.

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf'

SYS@oralhr> col status for a10

SYS@oralhr> select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- -------------------

         1         55 CURRENT          1284157 2016-04-11 14:46:06

         3         54 INACTIVE         1284128 2016-04-11 14:44:51

         2         53 INACTIVE         1284106 2016-04-11 14:43:51

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> col name format a60

SYS@oralhr> col ERROR format a30

SYS@oralhr> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           1284157

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------------ ----------

         1 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf                                  1284157              SYSTEM

         2 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                                  1284157              ONLINE

         3 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                                 1284157              ONLINE

         4 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/users01.dbf                                   1284157              ONLINE

         5 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/example01.dbf                                 1284157              ONLINE

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         RECOVE CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------ ------------------ ----------

         1                                                                                      0 ONLINE

         2 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                       NO                1284157 ONLINE

         3 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                      NO                1284157 ONLINE

         4 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/users01.dbf                        NO                1284157 ONLINE

         5 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/example01.dbf                      NO                1284157 ONLINE

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> select file#,online_status,change#,ERROR from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_STATUS     CHANGE# ERROR

---------- -------------- ---------- ------------------------------

         1 ONLINE                  0 FILE NOT FOUND

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr>

====》可以看到1号数据文件找不到,然后我们删除48号归档,确保不能通过recover来恢复

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 14:55:39 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORALHR (DBID=394957205, not open)

RMAN> delete archivelog   sequence 48;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=97 device type=DISK

List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORALHR

=====================================================================

Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time          

------- ---- ------- - -------------------

100     1    48      A 2016-04-11 14:39:47

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_48_cjpkplfj_.arc

Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? YES

deleted archived log

archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_48_cjpkplfj_.arc RECID=100 STAMP=908894418

Deleted 1 objects

RMAN>

RMAN> list archivelog all;

List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORALHR

=====================================================================

Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time          

------- ---- ------- - -------------------

98      1    46      A 2016-04-11 13:55:44

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_46_cjpkjpd8_.arc

99      1    47      A 2016-04-11 14:37:10

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_47_cjpkomvt_.arc

101     1    49      A 2016-04-11 14:40:18

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_49_cjpkqpsh_.arc

102     1    50      A 2016-04-11 14:40:54

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_50_cjpkx1ry_.arc

103     1    51      A 2016-04-11 14:43:45

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_51_cjpkx4tg_.arc

104     1    52      A 2016-04-11 14:43:48

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_52_cjpkx7tg_.arc

105     1    53      A 2016-04-11 14:43:51

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_53_cjpkz30t_.arc

106     1    54      A 2016-04-11 14:44:51

        Name: /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_54_cjpl1g47_.arc

接下来,我们通过rman来还原1号数据文件,由于归档丢失,不能recover,若非system,undo的数据文件,我们可以offline 掉,然后就可以打开数据库了,但是system必须online才能打开数据库,所以目前数据库不能打开:

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Apr 11 14:58:16 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: ORALHR (DBID=394957205, not open)

RMAN> restore datafile 1;

Starting restore at 2016-04-11 14:58:24

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=97 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/backupset/2016_04_11/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160411T143142_cjpk6gt0_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/backupset/2016_04_11/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160411T143142_cjpk6gt0_.bkp tag=TAG20160411T143142

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07

Finished restore at 2016-04-11 14:58:32

RMAN> recover datafile 1;

Starting recover at 2016-04-11 14:58:45

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 46 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_46_cjpkjpd8_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 47 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_47_cjpkomvt_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 49 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_49_cjpkqpsh_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 50 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_50_cjpkx1ry_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 51 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_51_cjpkx4tg_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 52 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_52_cjpkx7tg_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 53 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_53_cjpkz30t_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 54 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_54_cjpl1g47_.arc

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/11/2016 14:58:45

RMAN-06053: unable to perform media recovery because of missing log

RMAN-06025: no backup of archived log for thread 1 with sequence 48 and starting SCN of 1284002 found to restore

====》 由于缺少48号日志不能完成recover操作,我们先将redo应用到48号

RMAN>  recover datafile 1 until sequence 48;

Starting recover at 2016-04-11 14:59:20

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 46 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_46_cjpkjpd8_.arc

archived log for thread 1 with sequence 47 is already on disk as file /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_47_cjpkomvt_.arc

archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_46_cjpkjpd8_.arc thread=1 sequence=46

archived log file name=/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_47_cjpkomvt_.arc thread=1 sequence=47

media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00

Finished recover at 2016-04-11 14:59:20

RMAN>

可以看到由于48号归档丢失,不能完成recover操作。

三.3.2  分析日志应用情况

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/oracle>sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Mon Apr 11 15:06:12 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining

and Real Application Testing options

SYS@oralhr> col name for a80

SYS@oralhr> set linesize 9999  pagesize 9999

SYS@oralhr> col FIRST_CHANGE# for 999999999999999

SYS@oralhr> SELECT  NAME,

  2         sequence#,

  3         a.FIRST_CHANGE#

  4  FROM   v$archived_log a

  5  WHERE   resetlogs_change# = (SELECT d.RESETLOGS_CHANGE# FROM v$database d)

  6  AND   a.sequence# >=45

  7  ORDER  BY  a.sequence#;

NAME                                                                              SEQUENCE#    FIRST_CHANGE#

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------------

                                                                                         45          1282745

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_46_cjpkjpd8_.arc                 46          1282753

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_47_cjpkomvt_.arc                 47          1283935

                                                                                         48          1284002

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_49_cjpkqpsh_.arc                 49          1284016

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_50_cjpkx1ry_.arc                 50          1284034

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_51_cjpkx4tg_.arc                 51          1284100

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_52_cjpkx7tg_.arc                 52          1284103

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_53_cjpkz30t_.arc                 53          1284106

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_54_cjpl1g47_.arc                 54          1284128

10 rows selected.

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> col status for a10

SYS@oralhr> select GROUP# ,SEQUENCE#,STATUS,FIRST_CHANGE#,FIRST_TIME from v$log;

    GROUP#  SEQUENCE# STATUS        FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME

---------- ---------- ---------- ---------------- -------------------

         1         55 CURRENT             1284157 2016-04-11 14:46:06

         3         54 INACTIVE            1284128 2016-04-11 14:44:51

         2         53 INACTIVE            1284106 2016-04-11 14:43:51

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> col name format a60

SYS@oralhr> col ERROR format a30

SYS@oralhr> select checkpoint_change# from v$database;

CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#

------------------

           1284157

SYS@oralhr> SELECT a.FILE#, a.NAME,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,a.LAST_CHANGE#,status FROM v$datafile a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# LAST_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------ ------------ ----------

         1 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf                                  1284157              SYSTEM

         2 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                                  1284157              ONLINE

         3 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                                 1284157              ONLINE

         4 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/users01.dbf                                   1284157              ONLINE

         5 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/example01.dbf                                 1284157              ONLINE

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                         RECOVE CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- ------------------------------------------------------------ ------ ------------------ ----------

         1 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf                       YES               1284002 ONLINE

         2 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                       NO                1284157 ONLINE

         3 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                      NO                1284157 ONLINE

         4 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/users01.dbf                        NO                1284157 ONLINE

         5 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/example01.dbf                      NO                1284157 ONLINE

SYS@oralhr> select file#,online_status,change#,ERROR from v$recover_file;

     FILE# ONLINE_STATUS     CHANGE# ERROR

---------- -------------- ---------- ------------------------------

         1 ONLINE            1284002

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr>

====》转换为十六进制

SYS@oralhr> select to_char(1284002,'xxxxxxxx') cur_scn,to_char(1284016,'xxxxxxxx') target_scn,to_char(49,'xxxxxxxx') target_seq from dual;

CUR_SCN            TARGET_SCN         TARGET_SEQ

------------------ ------------------ ------------------

   1397a2             1397b0                 31

SYS@oralhr>

====》 可以看到日志应用到了48号日志的开头,接下来利用bbed来跳过48号,从49号的开头开始恢复

====》我们只能先让redo应用到48号日志,下边通过BBED来跳过48号,继续恢复应用49及后边的日志:

三.3.3  bbed修改文件头

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>l

total 112

-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba              57 Apr 05 17:01 bbed.par

-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           17408 Apr 11 11:38 bifile.bbd

-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   asmadmin       5715 Apr 06 15:34 ctl.sql

-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba             253 Apr 05 17:00 file.txt

-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba           10536 Apr 11 15:02 log.bbd

drwxr-xr-x    3 oracle   dba             256 Apr 08 11:02 oracle_bk

drwxr-xr-x    4 oracle   dba             256 Apr 05 16:54 rman_bak

-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba             757 Apr 11 10:02 rman_bk_db_archive_lhr.sh

-rw-r--r--    1 oracle   dba            1023 Apr 08 11:25 rman_bk_db_lhr.sh

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>cat bbed.par

blocksize=8192

listfile=/home/oracle/file.txt

mode=edit

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>cat file.txt

1 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf 786432000

2 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf 513802240

3 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf 94371840

4 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/users01.dbf 5242880

5 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/example01.dbf 328335360

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>bbed parfile=bbed.par

[ZHLHRDB2:oracle]:/home/oracle>bbed parfile=bbed.par

Password:

BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Mon Apr 11 15:02:46 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************

BBED> info

File#  Name                                                        Size(blks)

-----  ----                                                        ----------

     1  /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf                           96000

     2  /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                           62720

     3  /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                          11520

     4  /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/users01.dbf                              640

     5  /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/example01.dbf                          40080

BBED> show

        FILE#           1

        BLOCK#          1

        OFFSET          0

        DBA             0x00400001 (4194305 1,1)

        FILENAME        /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf

        BIFILE          bifile.bbd

        LISTFILE        /home/oracle/file.txt

        BLOCKSIZE       8192

        MODE            Edit

        EDIT            Unrecoverable

        IBASE           Dec

        OBASE           Dec

        WIDTH           80

        COUNT           512

        LOGFILE         log.bbd

        SPOOL           No

BBED> p kcvfhckp

struct kcvfhckp, 160 bytes                  @484    

   struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x001397a2

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000

   ub4 kcvcptim                             @492      0x362ca0b3

   ub2 kcvcpthr                             @496      0x0001

   union u, 12 bytes                        @500    

      struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes             @500    

         ub4 kcrbaseq                       @500      0x00000030

         ub4 kcrbabno                       @504      0x00000002

         ub2 kcrbabof                       @508      0x0000

   ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                          @512      0x02

   ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                          @513      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                          @514      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                          @515      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                          @516      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                          @517      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                          @518      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                          @519      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[8]                          @520      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[9]                          @521      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[10]                         @522      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[11]                         @523      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[12]                         @524      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[13]                         @525      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[14]                         @526      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[15]                         @527      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[16]                         @528      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[17]                         @529      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[18]                         @530      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[19]                         @531      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[20]                         @532      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[21]                         @533      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[22]                         @534      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[23]                         @535      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[24]                         @536      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[25]                         @537      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[26]                         @538      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[27]                         @539      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[28]                         @540      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[29]                         @541      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[30]                         @542      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[31]                         @543      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[32]                         @544      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[33]                         @545      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[34]                         @546      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[35]                         @547      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[36]                         @548      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[37]                         @549      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[38]                         @550      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[39]                         @551      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[40]                         @552      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[41]                         @553      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[42]                         @554      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[43]                         @555      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[44]                         @556      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[45]                         @557      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[46]                         @558      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[47]                         @559      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[48]                         @560      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[49]                         @561      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[50]                         @562      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[51]                         @563      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[52]                         @564      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[53]                         @565      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[54]                         @566      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[55]                         @567      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[56]                         @568      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[57]                         @569      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[58]                         @570      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[59]                         @571      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[60]                         @572      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[61]                         @573      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[62]                         @574      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[63]                         @575      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[64]                         @576      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[65]                         @577      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[66]                         @578      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[67]                         @579      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[68]                         @580      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[69]                         @581      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[70]                         @582      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[71]                         @583      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[72]                         @584      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[73]                         @585      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[74]                         @586      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[75]                         @587      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[76]                         @588      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[77]                         @589      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[78]                         @590      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[79]                         @591      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[80]                         @592      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[81]                         @593      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[82]                         @594      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[83]                         @595      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[84]                         @596      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[85]                         @597      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[86]                         @598      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[87]                         @599      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[88]                         @600      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[89]                         @601      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[90]                         @602      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[91]                         @603      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[92]                         @604      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[93]                         @605      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[94]                         @606      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[95]                         @607      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[96]                         @608      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[97]                         @609      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[98]                         @610      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[99]                         @611      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[100]                        @612      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[101]                        @613      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[102]                        @614      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[103]                        @615      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[104]                        @616      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[105]                        @617      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[106]                        @618      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[107]                        @619      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[108]                        @620      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[109]                        @621      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[110]                        @622      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[111]                        @623      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[112]                        @624      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[113]                        @625      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[114]                        @626      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[115]                        @627      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[116]                        @628      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[117]                        @629      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[118]                        @630      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[119]                        @631      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[120]                        @632      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[121]                        @633      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[122]                        @634      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[123]                        @635      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[124]                        @636      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[125]                        @637      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[126]                        @638      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[127]                        @639      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[128]                        @640      0x00

====》数据文件的scn被记录在文件1号block偏移量484字节开始的四个字节中

BBED> d /v dba 1,1 offset 484 count 64

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  484 to  547  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

 001397a2 0000c828 362ca0b3 00010000 l .......(6,......

00000030 00000002 00000000 02000000 l ...0............

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

====》AIX下存储是正序,这个和linux正好相反

BBED> modify /x 001397b0 dba 1,1 offset 484

Warning: contents of previous BIFILE will be lost. Proceed? (Y/N) Y

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  484 to  547           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

 001397b0 0000c828 362ca0b3 00010000 00000030 00000002 00000000 02000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x0065, required = 0x0065

BBED> d /v dba 1,1 offset 484 count 64

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  484 to  547  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

 001397b0 0000c828 362ca0b3 00010000 l .......(6,......

00000030 00000002 00000000 02000000 l ...0............

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

BBED>

SYS@oralhr> col name for a80

SYS@oralhr> set linesize 9999  pagesize 9999

SYS@oralhr> col FIRST_CHANGE# for 999999999999999

SYS@oralhr> SELECT  NAME,

  2         sequence#,

  3         a.FIRST_CHANGE#

  4  FROM   v$archived_log a

  5  WHERE   resetlogs_change# = (SELECT d.RESETLOGS_CHANGE# FROM v$database d)

  6  AND   a.sequence# =49

  7  ORDER  BY  a.sequence#;

NAME                                                                              SEQUENCE#    FIRST_CHANGE#

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- ----------------

/oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_49_cjpkqpsh_.arc                 49          1284016

SYS@oralhr> SELECT a.FILE#,a.NAME,a.RECOVER,a.CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,status  FROM v$datafile_header a;

     FILE# NAME                                                                             RECOVE CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# STATUS

---------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------ ------------------ ----------

         1 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf                                           YES               1284016 ONLINE

         2 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/sysaux01.dbf                                           NO                1284157 ONLINE

         3 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/undotbs01.dbf                                          NO                1284157 ONLINE

         4 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/users01.dbf                                            NO                1284157 ONLINE

         5 /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/example01.dbf                                          NO                1284157 ONLINE

SYS@oralhr>

BBED> d /v dba 1,1 offset 500 count 64

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  500 to  563  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

 00000030 00000002 00000000 02000000 l ...0............

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

====》要想跳过归档还需要数据文件头块的rba。它由seq#、log block#、偏移量(固定为16)组成,决定了数据文件从哪个归档日志的哪个位置开始应用归档。Rba位于数据文件头块偏移量500处开始连续的12个字节

BBED> modify /x 00000031 dba 1,1 offset 500

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  500 to  563           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00000031 00000002 00000000 02000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x0064, required = 0x0064

BBED> modify /x 00000010 dba 1,1 offset 508

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1                Offsets:  508 to  571           Dba:0x00400001

------------------------------------------------------------------------

00000010 02000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000

<32 bytes="" per="" line="">

BBED>

BBED> sum apply

Check value for File 1, Block 1:

current = 0x0074, required = 0x0074

BBED> d /v dba 1,1 offset 500 count 64

File: /oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf (1)

Block: 1       Offsets:  500 to  563  Dba:0x00400001

-------------------------------------------------------

 00000031 00000002 00000010 02000000 l ...1............

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 l ................

<16 bytes="" per="" line="">

BBED> p kcvfhckp

struct kcvfhckp, 160 bytes                  @484    

   struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes                 @484    

      ub4 kscnbas                           @484      0x001397b0

      ub2 kscnwrp                           @488      0x0000

   ub4 kcvcptim                             @492      0x362ca0b3

   ub2 kcvcpthr                             @496      0x0001

   union u, 12 bytes                        @500    

      struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes             @500    

         ub4 kcrbaseq                       @500      0x00000031

         ub4 kcrbabno                       @504      0x00000002

         ub2 kcrbabof                       @508      0x0000

   ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                          @512      0x02

   ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                          @513      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                          @514      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                          @515      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                          @516      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                          @517      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                          @518      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                          @519      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[8]                          @520      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[9]                          @521      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[10]                         @522      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[11]                         @523      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[12]                         @524      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[13]                         @525      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[14]                         @526      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[15]                         @527      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[16]                         @528      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[17]                         @529      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[18]                         @530      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[19]                         @531      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[20]                         @532      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[21]                         @533      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[22]                         @534      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[23]                         @535      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[24]                         @536      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[25]                         @537      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[26]                         @538      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[27]                         @539      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[28]                         @540      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[29]                         @541      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[30]                         @542      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[31]                         @543      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[32]                         @544      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[33]                         @545      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[34]                         @546      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[35]                         @547      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[36]                         @548      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[37]                         @549      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[38]                         @550      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[39]                         @551      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[40]                         @552      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[41]                         @553      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[42]                         @554      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[43]                         @555      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[44]                         @556      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[45]                         @557      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[46]                         @558      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[47]                         @559      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[48]                         @560      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[49]                         @561      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[50]                         @562      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[51]                         @563      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[52]                         @564      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[53]                         @565      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[54]                         @566      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[55]                         @567      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[56]                         @568      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[57]                         @569      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[58]                         @570      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[59]                         @571      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[60]                         @572      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[61]                         @573      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[62]                         @574      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[63]                         @575      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[64]                         @576      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[65]                         @577      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[66]                         @578      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[67]                         @579      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[68]                         @580      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[69]                         @581      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[70]                         @582      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[71]                         @583      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[72]                         @584      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[73]                         @585      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[74]                         @586      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[75]                         @587      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[76]                         @588      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[77]                         @589      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[78]                         @590      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[79]                         @591      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[80]                         @592      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[81]                         @593      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[82]                         @594      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[83]                         @595      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[84]                         @596      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[85]                         @597      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[86]                         @598      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[87]                         @599      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[88]                         @600      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[89]                         @601      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[90]                         @602      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[91]                         @603      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[92]                         @604      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[93]                         @605      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[94]                         @606      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[95]                         @607      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[96]                         @608      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[97]                         @609      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[98]                         @610      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[99]                         @611      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[100]                        @612      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[101]                        @613      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[102]                        @614      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[103]                        @615      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[104]                        @616      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[105]                        @617      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[106]                        @618      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[107]                        @619      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[108]                        @620      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[109]                        @621      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[110]                        @622      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[111]                        @623      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[112]                        @624      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[113]                        @625      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[114]                        @626      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[115]                        @627      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[116]                        @628      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[117]                        @629      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[118]                        @630      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[119]                        @631      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[120]                        @632      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[121]                        @633      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[122]                        @634      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[123]                        @635      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[124]                        @636      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[125]                        @637      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[126]                        @638      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[127]                        @639      0x00

   ub1 kcvcpetb[128]                        @640      0x00

BBED>

三.3.4  recover datafile并open库

SYS@oralhr> recover datafile 1;

ORA-00279: change 1284016 generated at 04/11/2016 14:39:47 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_49_cjpkqpsh_.arc

ORA-00280: change 1284016 for thread 1 is in sequence #49

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

ORA-00279: change 1284034 generated at 04/11/2016 14:40:54 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_50_cjpkx1ry_.arc

ORA-00280: change 1284034 for thread 1 is in sequence #50

ORA-00279: change 1284100 generated at 04/11/2016 14:43:45 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_51_cjpkx4tg_.arc

ORA-00280: change 1284100 for thread 1 is in sequence #51

ORA-00279: change 1284103 generated at 04/11/2016 14:43:48 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_52_cjpkx7tg_.arc

ORA-00280: change 1284103 for thread 1 is in sequence #52

Log applied.

Media recovery complete.

SYS@oralhr>

SYS@oralhr> alter database open;

Database altered.

SYS@oralhr> select count(1) from t_lhr_20160411_02;

  COUNT(1)

----------

         7

SYS@oralhr>

====》 恢复完成,数据少了48号日志里的3条记录

数据库正常打开。

三.4  实验总结

若归档文件只丢失了一部分,那么通过BBED修改文件头跳过丢失的归档日志,从而把所有还存在的归档日志apply掉,这样可以保证最小的数据丢失,所以碰到丢失归档的情况到底如何恢复还是得灵活运用。

在实验过程中大家可以多模拟几种场景,比如只修改文件头offset484,不修改offset500的rda会出现什么问题,若是47号归档丢失(即建表的redo日志丢失),后续的redo apply会不会出现问题等等,都可以多思考然后做实验来证明,简单记录一下:

SYS@oralhr> recover datafile 1;

ORA-00279: change 1284016 generated at 04/11/2016 14:37:10 needed for thread 1

ORA-00289: suggestion : /oracle/app/oracle/ORALHR/archivelog/2016_04_11/o1_mf_1_49_cjpkqpsh_.arc

ORA-00280: change 1284016 for thread 1 is in sequence #49

Specify log: {=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}

auto

ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors

ORA-10562: Error occurred while applying redo to data block (file# 1, block# 98185)

ORA-10564: tablespace SYSTEM

ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/oralhr/system01.dbf'

ORA-10561: block type 'TRANSACTION MANAGED DATA BLOCK', data object# 88595

ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data block

ORA-00600: internal error code, arguments: [kdBlkCheckError], [1], [98185], [6110], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], []

ORA-01112: media recovery not started

解决办法:

recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;

alter database open resetlogs;

若还是不能解决,就加如下的隐含参数:

alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;

recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;

alter database open resetlogs;

startup force

alter database open resetlogs;

alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=false scope=spfile;

alter system reset "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"  scope=spfile sid='*';

第四章 全备份数据库,shell脚本

做完上边的实验后,我们要做的就是备份数据库,下边小麦苗给大家贡献2个基于归档和非归档的rman全备数据库的shell脚本,注意修改黄色背景的内容为自己的实际环境,其中非归档环境全备数据库需要重启到mount状态,也可以使用其他的热备脚本。

四.1  归档,open全备

注意修改黄色部分:

export ORACLE_SID=ora11g

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

MYDATE=`date +'%Y%m%d%H%M%S'`

BACKUP_DIR=/home/oracle/oracle_bk/$ORACLE_SID

mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/log

rman target /  log $BACKUP_DIR/log/rman_full_$MYDATE.log append <<eof</eof<>

run

{

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

backup database filesperset 4 format  '$BACKUP_DIR/full_%n_%T_%t_%s_%p.bak';

backup spfile tag='bk_spfile_$MYDATE' format='$BACKUP_DIR/spfile_%n_%U_%T.bak';

sql 'alter system archive log current';

backup archivelog all format '$BACKUP_DIR/arch_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' delete input;

backup current controlfile format '$BACKUP_DIR/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak';

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

}

EOF

rman target /  log $BACKUP_DIR/log/rman_delete_$MYDATE.log append <<eof</eof<>

allocate channel for maintenance type disk;

allocate channel for maintenance type sbt_tape;

crosscheck archivelog all;

crosscheck backup;

delete noprompt obsolete;

EOF

四.2  非归档,mount全备

----------------------------- 非归档 mount 全备

export ORACLE_SID=oralhr

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

MYDATE=`date +'%Y%m%d%H%M%S'`

BACKUP_DIR=/home/oracle/oracle_bk/$ORACLE_SID

mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR/log

rman target /  log $BACKUP_DIR/log/rman_full_$MYDATE.log append <<eof</eof<>

run

{

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

allocate channel c1 type disk;

allocate channel c2 type disk;

backup database filesperset 4 format  '$BACKUP_DIR/full_%n_%T_%t_%s_%p.bak';

backup spfile tag='bk_spfile_$MYDATE' format='$BACKUP_DIR/spfile_%n_%U_%T.bak';

backup archivelog all format '$BACKUP_DIR/arch_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak' delete input;

backup current controlfile format '$BACKUP_DIR/ctl_%d_%T_%s_%p.bak';

release channel c1;

release channel c2;

alter database open;

}

EOF

rman target /  log $BACKUP_DIR/log/rman_delete_$MYDATE.log append <<eof</eof<>

allocate channel for maintenance type disk;

allocate channel for maintenance type sbt_tape;

crosscheck archivelog all;

crosscheck backup;

delete noprompt obsolete;

EOF

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