Linux环境MySQL5.6安装实践

      MySQL的安装相对于Oracle来说非常简单，个人觉得与TimesTen的安装配置更为接近，而且后面的Master-Slave或Master-Master集群配置更为简单，甚至比TimesTen的ASP/Active-Active/Active-Standby配置都比TimesTen还要简单，不过MySQL涉及的初始化参数还是比较多,初始化参数配置不合理MySQL将很难启动，这次安装MySQL感觉比十年前第一次安装Oracle RAC还折腾，百度了一圈感觉网上的步骤清晰一点的都是使用cmake这个包来安装，所以这里纪录一下安装步骤，或许有对初次接触MySQL的兄弟会有帮助。
安装步骤：
1、安装MySQL数据库软件rpm包
2、配置MySQL数据库参数文件my.cnf
3、初始化MySQL数据库实例
4、启动MySQL服务进程mysqld
5、修改登录密码和检查数据库参数

一、操作系统环境
IP:192.168.100.71 tony7
操作系统版本：
  # uname -a
Linux tony7 2.6.32-71.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Sep 1 01:33:01 EDT 2010 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
 
# free -g
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:             1          0          1          0          0          0
-/+ buffers/cache:          0          1
Swap:            3          0          3

df -h

# rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
mysql-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_64
perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_64
qt-mysql-4.6.2-16.el6.x86_64
mysql-server-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_64

[root@tony7 soft]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_64
[root@tony7 soft]# rpm -e --nodeps perl-DBD-MySQL-4.013-3.el6.x86_64
[root@tony7 soft]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_64
[root@tony7 soft]# rpm -e --nodeps qt-mysql-4.6.2-16.el6.x86_64
[root@tony7 soft]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-server-5.1.47-4.el6.x86_64
如果已安装，则需要删除已安装的数据库，使用以下命令来删除数据库
删除命令：rpm -e --nodeps 包名
( rpm -ev mysql-4.1.12-3.RHEL4.1 )
删除老版本mysql的开发头文件和库
命令：rm -fr /usr/lib/mysql
rm -fr /usr/include/mysql
注意：卸载后/var/lib/mysql中的数据及/etc/my.cnf不会删除，如果确定没用后就手工删除
rm -f /etc/my.cnf
rm -fr /var/lib/mysql

二、安装数据库软件
    MySQL-server-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
    MySQL-client-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
    MySQL-devel-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
    
# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: MySQL-server-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-server           ########################################### [100%]
2016-01-18 14:42:21 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-01-18 14:42:21 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.28) starting as process 1671 ...
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2016-01-18 14:42:21 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.28 started; log sequence number 0
A random root password has been set. You will find it in '/root/.mysql_secret'.
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] Binlog end
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2016-01-18 14:42:22 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1671 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977

2016-01-18 14:42:24 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-01-18 14:42:24 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.28) starting as process 1693 ...
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.28 started; log sequence number 1625977
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] Binlog end
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2016-01-18 14:42:24 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2016-01-18 14:42:26 1693 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987

A RANDOM PASSWORD HAS BEEN SET FOR THE MySQL root USER !
You will find that password in '/root/.mysql_secret'.

You must change that password on your first connect,
no other statement but 'SET PASSWORD' will be accepted.
See the manual for the semantics of the 'password expired' flag.

Also, the account for the anonymous user has been removed.

In addition, you can run:

  /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test database.
This is strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/

The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

  http://www.mysql.com

Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com

New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings

# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: MySQL-devel-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-devel            ########################################### [100%]
[root@tony7 soft]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: MySQL-client-5.6.28-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:MySQL-client           ########################################### [100%]

创建相关文件夹并授权于mysql用户
#mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysqldata/mydata
#mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysqldata/innodb_log
#mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysqldata/innodb_ts
#mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysqldata/log
#mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysqldata/sock
#mkdir -p /mysql/data/mysqldata/tmpdir
# id mysql
uid=27(mysql) gid=27(mysql) groups=27(mysql)
#chown -R mysql:mysql /mysql/data

把mysql开机自启关闭
#chkconfig --level 2345 mysql off
# chkconfig --list mysql
mysql           0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off

三、配置MySQL数据库参数文件my.cnf
编辑 my.cnf文件
#vi /usr/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
 basedir = /usr
 datadir = /mysql/data/mysqldata/mydata
 port = 3306
 socket = /mysql/data/mysqldata/sock/mysql.sock
 tmpdir=/mysql/data/mysqldata/tmpdir

#add by tangyun
 innodb_data_home_dir =/mysql/data/mysqldata/ibdata
 innodb_log_group_home_dir=/mysql/data/mysqldata/ibdata
 log-bin-index=/mysql/data/mysqldata/binlog/mysql-bin.index
 log-bin=/mysql/data/mysqldata/binlog/mysql-bin
 innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M
 innodb_buffer_pool_instances=4
 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=2
 innodb_log_files_in_group=3
 innodb_log_file_size=256M

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
 join_buffer_size = 128M
 sort_buffer_size = 2M
 read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 

#add by tangyun
performance_schema=0
event-scheduler=ON
default-storage-engine=InnoDB
character_set_server=utf8mb4
collation_server=utf8mb4_general_ci
lower_case_table_names=1
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
optimizer_switch=index_merge=on,index_merge_union=on,index_merge_sort_union=on,index_merge_intersection=on,engine_condition_pushdown=on,index_condition_pushdown=on,mrr=on,mrr_cost_based=on,block_nested_loop=on,batched_key_access=on,materialization=on,semijoin=on,loosescan=on,firstmatch=on,subquery_materialization_cost_based=on,use_index_extensions=on

#add by tangyun
#*******************************  Logs related settings ***************************
#general_log
general_log_file=/mysql/data/mysqldata/log/general.log
log-error=/mysql/data/mysqldata/log/error.log
long_query_time=0.3
slow_query_log =1
slow_query_log_file=/mysql/data/mysqldata/log/slow-query.log
#log_queries_not_using_indexes
log_warnings = 2

relay-log-index=/mysql/data/mysqldata/relaylog/mysql-relay-bin.index
relay-log=/mysql/data/mysqldata/relaylog/mysql-relay-bin

binlog_cache_size=256K
max_binlog_size=512M
binlog_format=mixed
binlog_checksum=crc32
sync_binlog=100
expire_logs_days=10

##add by tangyun
#*******************************  Replication related settings **********************
server_id = 1000
#slave-skip-errors=1022,1032,1062
log_slave_updates=1
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1
allow-suspicious-udfs
innodb_support_xa=1
sysdate-is-now

#gtid-mode=ON
#enforce_gtid_consistency
#disable_gtid_unsafe_statements

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet=2G
default-character-set=utf8


[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
default-character-set=utf8
show-warnings
pager=mk-visual-explain
prompt="(\u@\h) [\d]> "

[myisamchk]
key_buffer=512M
sort_buffer_size=512M
read_buffer=8M
write_buffer=8M

[mysqlhotcopy]
#interactive-timeout

[mysqld_safe]
#ledir=/usr/bin
user=mysql
open-files-limit=8192

四、初始化MySQL数据库实例
# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true --datadir=/mysql/data/mysqldata/mydata
Installing MySQL system tables...2016-01-28 08:37:12 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.28) starting as process 10719 ...
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.28 started; log sequence number 0
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] Binlog end
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2016-01-28 08:37:12 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10719 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
OK

Filling help tables...2016-01-28 08:37:14 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.28) starting as process 10741 ...
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.28 started; log sequence number 1625977
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] Binlog end
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2016-01-28 08:37:14 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2016-01-28 08:37:16 10741 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

  /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
  /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h tony7 password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:

  /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
  cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl

  cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at

  http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
New default config file was created as /usr/my.cnf and
will be used by default by the server when you start it.
You may edit this file to change server settings

五、启动MySQL服务进程mysqld
cp /usr/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS! 

# netstat -npl|grep mysql
tcp        0      0 :::3306                     :::*                        LISTEN      11254/mysqld        
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     21155  11254/mysqld        /mysql/data/mysqldata/sock/mysql.sock

六、修改登录密码和检查数据库参数
mysqladmin -u root -h tony7 password 'mysql'
[root@tony7 ~]# mysql -uroot -pmysql -htony7
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.28-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' = password('mysql');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use mysql
Database changed
mysql> drop database test ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global variables like '%slow%';
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name             | Value                                    |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
| log_slow_admin_statements | OFF                                      |
| log_slow_slave_statements | OFF                                      |
| slow_launch_time          | 2                                        |
| slow_query_log            | ON                                       |
| slow_query_log_file       | /mysql/data/mysqldata/log/slow-query.log |
+---------------------------+------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global variables like '%log-bin%';
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |
| root | tony7     |                                           |
| root | 127.0.0.1 |                                           |
| root | ::1       |                                           |
|      | localhost |                                           |
|      | tony7     |                                           |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show global variables like '%event%';
+--------------------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                                          | Value |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-------+
| binlog_rows_query_log_events                           | OFF   |
| event_scheduler                                        | OFF   |
| log_bin_use_v1_row_events                              | OFF   |
| performance_schema_events_stages_history_long_size     | 10000 |
| performance_schema_events_stages_history_size          | 10    |
| performance_schema_events_statements_history_long_size | 10000 |
| performance_schema_events_statements_history_size      | 10    |
| performance_schema_events_waits_history_long_size      | 10000 |
| performance_schema_events_waits_history_size           | 10    |
+--------------------------------------------------------+-------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show full processlist;
+----+------+-----------------+-------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+
| Id | User | Host            | db    | Command | Time | State | Info                  |
+----+------+-----------------+-------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+
|  1 | root | localhost:24980 | mysql | Query   |    0 | init  | show full processlist |
+----+------+-----------------+-------+---------+------+-------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> set password for 'root'@'tony7' = password('mysql');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set password for 'root'@'127.0.0.1' = password('mysql');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |
| root | tony7     | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |
| root | ::1       |                                           |
|      | localhost |                                           |
|      | tony7     |                                           |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from mysql.user where host='::1';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from mysql.user where host='tony7' and user='';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> delete from mysql.user where host='localhost' and user='';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host      | password                                  |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |
| root | tony7     | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *E74858DB86EBA20BC33D0AECAE8A8108C56B17FA |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
＃export MYSQL_PS1="(\u@\h) [\d]> "
(root@localhost) [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Created by Tony.Tang[TangYun]2016.01
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