虚拟软件vmare内怎么安装linux系统下的ORACLE数据的RAC环境

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/opt  //安装包路径 并且解压grid压缩包

1、安装系统、配置双网卡网络、配置共享磁盘（以rac02为例）    

1.1 IP地址规划

192.168.47.151 rac01

192.168.47.152 rac02

10.11.12.51 rac01priv

10.11.12.52 rac02priv

192.168.47.153 rac01vip

192.168.47.154 rac02vip

192.168.47.155 racscanip

1.2 设置共享盘(两个虚拟机配置都需要更改设置)

1.2.1 添加独立 永久磁盘--共享盘路径：H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharedisk*

1.2.2 更改独立虚拟机配置（vmdk中添加、修改以下信息）

一：

scsi1.present = "TRUE"scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"
scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.filename = "H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharediskOCR.vmdk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk"scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.filename = "H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharediskrDate01.vmdk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.filename = "H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharediskrDate02.vmdk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:4.filename = "H:\sharedisk\diskrac2\sharediskrFlash.vmdk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "plainDisk"
disk.locking = "false"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"

二：

scsi1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1.virtualDev = "lsilogic"

scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

scsi1:0.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:0.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\ocr1.vmdk"

scsi1:0.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:0.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:1.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:1.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\ocr2.vmdk"

scsi1:1.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:2.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:2.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\ocr3.vmdk"

scsi1:2.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:3.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:3.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\data.vmdk"

scsi1:3.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:4.present = "TRUE"

scsi1:4.fileName = "C:\sharedisk\RAC01\fra.vmdk"

scsi1:4.mode = "independent-persistent"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "plainDisk"

floppy0.present = "FALSE"

disk.locking = "false"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"

三：

scsi1.sharedBus = "virtual"

scsi1:0.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:1.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:2.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:3.deviceType = "plainDisk"

scsi1:4.deviceType = "plainDisk"

disk.locking = "false"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = "0"

diskLib.dataCachePageSize = "4096"

diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = "0"

disk.EnableUUID="TRUE"

2、配置OS    

2.1 关闭防火墙、selinux

[root@rac02 ~]# chkconfig iptables off

[root@rac02 ~]# service iptables status

[root@rac02 ~]# service iptables stop

[root@rac02 ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config              

 SELINUX=disabled    

2.2 修改host文件

[root@rac02 ~]# vi /etc/hosts

172.19.15.142 racd01

172.19.15.141 racd02

10.10.11.10 racd01priv

10.10.11.22 racd02priv

172.19.15.143 racd01vip

172.19.15.144 racd02vip

172.19.15.145 racdscanip    

2.3 配置yum源         

 2.3.1 配置本地yum源

[root@rac02 ~]#yum clean all

[root@rac02 ~]#mkdir /mnt/cdrommount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom/

[root@rac02 ~]#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo

[local]

name=local

baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom

gpgcheck=0enabled=1         

2.3.2 配置163yum源

[root@rac02 ~]#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/163.repo

[163]

name=163

baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/

gpgcheck=0enabled=1

#yum repolist    

2.4 安装rpm包

[root@rac02 ~]#vi  yum.sh

yum install  compat-lib* 

yum install  binutils-2* 

yum install  gcc* 

yum install  glibc-2* 

yum install  glibc-devel-2* 

yum install  ksh 

yum install  libgcc-4*

 yum install  libstdc++-4*

 yum install  libstdc++-d*

 yum install libaio-0* 

yum install  libaio-d* 

yum install  sysstat-9*

yum install  make-3*

yum install binutils-2*

yum install libc*    

2.5 修改内核配置文件

[root@rac02 ~]#vi /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 1054472192

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048586

net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 262144 262144 262144

net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4194304 4194304 4194304

[root@rac02 ~]##sysctl -p   //立即生效。    

 2.6 修改用户限制

[root@rac02 ~] #vi /etc/security/limits.conf

grid soft nproc 2047

grid hard nproc 16384

grid soft nofile 1024

grid hard nofile 65536

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 1024

oracle hard nofile 65536    

 2.7配置Oracle软件安装组、用户、环境变量、安装目录         

 2.7.1 #创建组

groupadd -g 1300 dbagroupadd -g 1301 opergroupadd -g 1000 oinstallgroupadd -g 1200 asmadmin

groupadd -g 1201 asmdbagroupadd -g 1202 asmoper            

   #用户

useradd -m -u 1100 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -s /bin/bash grid

useradd -m -u 1101 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,asmdba -s /bin/bash oracle         

2.7.2#配置目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/grid

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/11.2.0/grid

chown grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid

chown oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

chmod -R 775 /u01/chown -R grid:oinstall /u01

2.7.3#用户环境变量修改home下的 .bash_profile(Oracle_sid需要根据节点不同进行修改)    

ORACLE用户

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMPexport ORACLE_SID=orc1  # rac01

export ORACLE_SID=orc2  # rac02

export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orc

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1

export TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

$ source .bash_profile   //使配置文件生效    

GRID用户

export TMP=/tmp

export TMPDIR=$TMP

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1  # rac01

export ORACLE_SID=+ASM2  # rac02

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

umask 022

$ source .bash_profile   //使配置文件生效    

2.8.配置grid及oracle用户ssh互信         

 方法一：

#cd /software/grid/sshsetup

#./sshUserSetup.sh -user grid -hosts "rac01 rac02" -advanced -noPromptPassphrase

#./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts "rac01 rac02" -advanced -noPromptPassphrase       

方法二：              

 1)在节点 1 上：                    

 [root@rac01 ~]$ su - grid                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ cd /home/grid/                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$  mkdir~/.ssh                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ chmod   700 ~/.ssh                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa              

 2)在节点2上：                   

[root@rac02 ~]$ su - grid                   

[grid@rac02 ~]$ cd /home/grid/                    

[grid@rac02 ~]$ mkdir  ~/.ssh                    

[grid@rac02 ~]$ chmod   700 ~/.ssh                   

[grid@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa                   

[grid@rac01 ~]$ ssh-keygen -t dsa            

3) 仅在一个节点操作，以rac01为例：                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys                   

 [grid@rac01 ~]$ cd ~/.ssh                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ ssh racd01 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ ssh racd02 cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ ssh racd01 cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ ssh racd02 cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$pwd                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$scp authorized_keys racd02:`pwd`              

 4)每个节点均操作                   

[grid@rac01 ~]$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys                   

[grid@rac01 ~]$ chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys               

5）在要运行oui的接单以grid用户运行，以racd01为例：                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$exec /usr/bin/ssh-agent $SHELL                   

[grid@rac01.ssh]$ssh-add             

 6）检查互信                   

$ ssh rac01 date                   

$ ssh rac02 date                   

$ ssh rac01priv date                   

$ ssh rac02priv date    

2.9 配置裸设备[root@rac01 ~]#fdisk /dev/sdb         

 n   p   1    +2G         

 n   p   2     w 

[root@rac01 ~]# vi /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdb1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="17", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %M %m"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="33", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdd1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="49", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %M %m"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sde1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="65", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %M %m"

ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="/dev/sdf1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"

ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="81", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %M %m"

ACTION=="add",KERNEL=="raw*",OWNER="grid",GROUP="asmadmin",MODE="660"

[root@rac01 ~]#start_udev    //无法正确安装时，使用下列两个语句    

 // #raw /dev/raw/raw1 /dev/sdb1      

// #raw /dev/raw/raw2 /dev/sdb2

[root@rac01 ~]#raw -qa  =等价于= ls -lrt /dev/raw

[root@rac01 ~]#ll /dev/raw

[root@rac01 ~]#partprobe

3、安装grid

[root@rac01 /]#xhost +

[root@rac01 /]# su - grid

[grid@rac01 ~]$ export

[grid@rac01 ~]$ cd /software/grid/

[grid@rac01 grid]$ ./runInstaller         

运行roo.sh报错，可使用如下命令

[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/rootcrs.pl -deconfig -force         

查看安装日志

[root@rac01 /]# cat /u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-03-27_04-25-47PM.log         

检查crs状态

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl check crs         

检查Clusterware资源

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crs_stat -t -v

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl stat res -t         

 检查集群节点

[grid@rac01 ~]$ olsnodes -n         

检查两个节点上的Oracle TNS监听器进程

[grid@rac01 ~]$ ps -ef|grep lsnr|grep -v 'grep'|grep -v 'ocfs'|awk '{print$9}'         

 确认当前正在运行已安装的Oracle ASM:

[grid@rac01 ~]$ srvctl status asm -a        ./runcluvfy.sh stage -post hwos -n rac01,rac02 -verbose         

 安装asm [grid@rac01 ~]$ asmca

4、安装oracle

[root@rac01 ~]#xhost +

[root@rac01 ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ cd /software/database

[oracle@rac01 database]$ ./runInstaller    

5、检查安装后的配置            

检查集群运行状态

[grid@rac01 ~]$srvctl status database -d orc           

检查本地节点crs状态

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl check crs          

 检查集群crs状态

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl check cluster           

检查集群节点

[grid@rac01 ~]$ olsnodes -n -i -s -t          

检查集群间的表决磁盘信息

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl query css votedisk          

 检查集群scan ip

[grid@rac01 ~]$ srvctl config scan            

检查scan 监听       

[grid@rac01 ~]$  srvctl config scan_listener

6、启、停集群数据库进入grid用户 

整个集群的数据库启停

[grid@rac01 ~]$ srvctl stop database -d orcl

[grid@rac01 ~]$ srvctl start database -d orcl

进入root用户 只关闭了当前结点

[root@rac01 bin]# pwd/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/bin

[root@rac01 bin]# ./crsctl stop crs

7、em

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ emctl status dbconsole

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ emctl start dbconsole

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ emctl stop dbconsole                                                                                                           

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