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如何进行Python列表处理,很多新手对此不是很清楚,为了帮助大家解决这个难题,下面小编将为大家详细讲解,有这方面需求的人可以来学习下,希望你能有所收获。
0、切片操作。同字符串切片操作,这里不多做解释
1、获取列表长度:len
实例:
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] print(len(list)) list2=[] print(len(list2))
控制台打印结果:
6 0
2、列表的循环遍历
for循环
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] for item in list: print(item)
打印结果:
my name is mark age 18
while循环
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] i=0 while i<len(list): print(list[i]) i+=1
打印结果:
my name is mark age 18
3、添加元素:append、extend、insert
append:向列表添加元素,添加到尾部
实例:
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] print("添加前:",list) list.append("test") print("添加后:",list)
打印结果:
添加前: ['my', 'name', 'is', 'mark', 'age', 18] 添加后: ['my', 'name', 'is', 'mark', 'age', 18, 'test']
extend:将另外一个列表的元素逐一添加到指定列表中
实例:
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] print("extend前:",list) list2=["A","B"] list.extend(list2) print("extend后:",list)
打印结果:
extend前: ['my', 'name', 'is', 'mark', 'age', 18] extend后: ['my', 'name', 'is', 'mark', 'age', 18, 'A', 'B']
inset(index,objectA):在指定位置index前面插入对象objectA
实例:
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] print("insert前:",list) list.insert(3,"test") print("insert后:",list)
打印结果:
insert前: ['my', 'name', 'is', 'mark', 'age', 18] insert后: ['my', 'name', 'is', 'test', 'mark', 'age', 18]
4、修改元素:通过下标修改指定位子元素
实例:
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] print("修改前:",list) list[len(list)-1]=19 print("修改后:",list)
结果:
修改前: ['my', 'name', 'is', 'mark', 'age', 18] 修改后: ['my', 'name', 'is', 'mark', 'age', 19]
5、查找元素:in、not in、index、count
in、not in查找指定元素是否存在,或者不存在
实例:
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] print("mark" in list) print("Mark" in list) print("mark" not in list) print("Mark" not in list)
结果:
True False False True
index:查找指定元素是否存在,存在返回下标,不存在返回-1
语法:list.index(目标对象[,开始下标,结束下标])
实例:
list=["my","name","is","mark","age",18] print(list.index("name")) print(list.index("name",0,2)) print(list.index("name",1,3))
结果:
1 1 1
count:返回指定对象在列表中出现的次数
实例:
list=["my","name","is",18,"mark","age",18] print(list.count(18)) print(list.count("mark")) print(list.count(19))
结果:
2 1 0
6、删除元素:del、pop、remove
del:根据下标删除
pop:删除最后一个元素,相当于弹出栈顶元素,如果指定下标,也可以删除任意位置元素。
remove:根据元素的值进行删除,只删除最先找到的那个
实例:
list=["my","name",18,"is",18,"mark","age",18] print("删除前:",list) del list[1] print("del后:",list) list=["my","name",18,"is",18,"mark","age",18] list.pop() print("pop后:",list) list=["my","name",18,"is",18,"mark","age",18] list.pop(0) print("pop(0)后:",list) list=["my","name",18,"is",18,"mark","age",18] list.remove(18) print("remove后:",list)
结果:
删除前: ['my', 'name', 18, 'is', 18, 'mark', 'age', 18] del后: ['my', 18, 'is', 18, 'mark', 'age', 18] pop后: ['my', 'name', 18, 'is', 18, 'mark', 'age'] pop(0)后: ['name', 18, 'is', 18, 'mark', 'age', 18] remove后: ['my', 'name', 'is', 18, 'mark', 'age', 18]
7、排序:sort、reverse、sorted
sort:将数组从小到大排序,参数reverse=True可改成从大到小排序,永久排序
reverse:将数组倒置,永久排序
sorted:效果同sort,只不过是临时排序
实例:
list=[1,3,5,2,7,8,4,0] print("排序前:",list) list.sort() print("sort后:",list) list=[1,3,5,2,7,8,4,0] list.sort(reverse=True) print("sort(reverse=True)后:",list) list=[1,3,5,2,7,8,4,0] list.reverse() print("reverse后:",list) list=[1,3,5,2,7,8,4,0] sorted(list,reverse=True) print("sorted后(临时操作不影响原有列表):",list) list=[1,3,5,2,7,8,4,0] print("sorted后:",sorted(list,reverse=True))
结果:
排序前: [1, 3, 5, 2, 7, 8, 4, 0] sort后: [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8] sort(reverse=True)后: [8, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0] reverse后: [0, 4, 8, 7, 2, 5, 3, 1] sorted后(临时操作不影响原有列表): [1, 3, 5, 2, 7, 8, 4, 0] sorted后: [8, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0]
8、列表最大值、最小值、总和:min、max、sum
实例:
list=[1,3,5,2,7,8,4,0] print("列表最小值:%d"%min(list)) print("列表最大值:%d"%max(list)) print("列表总和:%d"%sum(list))
结果:
列表最小值:0 列表最大值:8 列表总和:30
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