说GTID - GTID-based复制中的限制

• 同一个事务（语句）中，不能同时涉及事务和非事务数据表的变更，这会导致一个事务对应多个GTID，违反了事务与GTID的一对一对应原则。
  

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> show create table t2 \G

*************************** 1. row ***************************

       Table: t2

Create Table: CREATE TABLE `t2` (

  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> start transaction;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> insert into t1 select null;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> insert into t2 select null;

ERROR 1785 (HY000): Statement violates GTID consistency: Updates to non-transactional tables can only be done in either autocommitted statements or single-statement transactions, and never in the same statement as updates to transactional tables.

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> commit;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

• 不能使用CREATE TABLE ... SELECT语句。

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> create table t2 select * from t2;

ERROR 1786 (HY000): Statement violates GTID consistency: CREATE TABLE ... SELECT.

• 在事务，存储过程，函数和触发器中，不能使用CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE，和DROP TEMPORARY TABLE语句。

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> start transaction;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> create temporary table t4 (id int auto_increment primary key);

ERROR 1787 (HY000): Statement violates GTID consistency: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE and DROP TEMPORARY TABLE can only be executed outside transactional context.  These statements are also not allowed in a function or trigger because functions and triggers are also considered to be multi-statement transactions.

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> rollback;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> create temporary table t4 (id int auto_increment primary key);

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> desc t4;

+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

| Field | Type    | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |

+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

| id    | int(11) | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |

+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> drop temporary table t4;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

[root@mysql.sock][db1]> desc t4;

ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'db1.t4' doesn't exist

• 开启--enforce-gtid-consistency参数，阻止执行违反GTID-based复制原则的语句。

• 跳过事务的执行，参数sql_slave_skip_counter不再起作用，需要使用如下注入空事务的方式跳过。

SET GTID_NEXT='aaa-bbb-ccc-ddd:N';

BEGIN;

COMMIT;

SET GTID_NEXT='AUTOMATIC';

CHANGE MASTER TO语句中的IGNORE_SERVER_IDS不在起作用，已经回放过的事务会自动跳过。

• 在开启GTID的实例上使用mysqldump导出数据时，在备份文件中会设置@@SESSION.SQL_LOG_BIN= 0，当使用该备份文件向目标实例导入数据时，不记录二进制日志。

• 在开启GTID的实例上使用mysql_upgrade原地升级MySQL版本时，要不写二进制日志（这也是mysql_upgrade的默认行为，没开启--write-binlog）。