postfix , dovecot 配置

发布时间：2020-06-20 15:00:18 作者：blueclo
来源：网络阅读：1240

（一）postfix 配置

一配置dns

1 yum install bind -y

2 systemctl start named

3 vim /etc/named.conf

内容：

options {

// listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };

// listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };

directory "/var/named";

dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

// allow-query { localhost; };

dnssec-validation no;###是否合法，即是否可以充当公网上的dns，如果没有申请，就写no###

4 vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

内容：

zone "westos.com" IN {

type master;

file "westos.com.zone";

allow-update { none; };

};

zone "qq.com" IN {

type master;

file "qq.com.zone";

allow-update { none; };

};

5 cd /var/named/

6 cp -p named.localhost westos.com.zone

7 vim westos.com.zone

内容：

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA dns.westos.com. root.westos.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS dns.westos.com.

dns A 172.25.254.112

westos.com. MX 1 172.25.254.112.

8 cp -p westos.com.zone qq.com.zone

9 vim qq.com.zone

内容：

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA dns.qq.com. root.qq.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS dns.qq.com.

dns A 172.25.254.112

qq.com. MX 1 172.25.254.212.

10 systemctl restart named

11 systemctl stop firewalld.service

12 systemctl disable firewalld.service

二基本电子邮件发送

1）postfix定义：

postfix提供smtp协议用来投递邮件,默认端口为25，日志在/var/log/maillog

MDA:“邮件发送代理“

2）重要的Postfix配置指令

1 myorigin ：

重写本地发布的电子邮件,使其显示为来自该域。这样有助于确保响应返回入站邮件服务器

默认:myorigin = $myhostname

2 inet_interfaces：

控制Postfix侦听传入电子邮件的网络接口。如果设置为loopback-only,仅侦听127.0.0.1和::1,

如果设置为all,则侦听所有网络接口。还可以指定特定地址。

默认:inet_interfaces = localhost

3 mydestination：

收到地址为这些域的电子邮件将传递至MDA,以进行本地发送。

默认:mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost

4 mynetworks

IP地址和网络的逗号分隔列表(采用CIDR表示法)。这些地址和网络可以通过此MTA转发至

任何位置,无需进一步身份验证。

默认:mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8

3）邮件发送

发送邮件端：

1 vim /etc/postfix/main.cf###编辑postfix的主配置文件###

内容：

116 inet_interfaces = all###25端口开启的网络接口默认情况下,Postfix仅侦听来自本地主机的传入电子邮件。若要重新配置postfix以接收从远程主机发

送的本地邮件,必须设置inet_interfaces = all###

76 myhostname = westos-mail.westos.com###指定mta主机名称###

83 mydomain = westos.com###指定mta的域名###

99 myorigin = westos.com###指定邮件来源结尾（@后面的字符内容）

164 mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost###接受邮件结尾字符的指定#

2 systemctl restart postfix.service###重启服务###

3 systemctl stop firewalld###关闭防火墙###

4 mail root@qq.com###发送邮件###

Subject: hello

hello

.###以“.”表示结束###

EOT

5 mailq(或postqueue -p)###显示已排队的所有传出邮件的列表###

6 postqueue -f###再次立即发送所有已排队的邮件###

接受邮件端：

1 vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

内容：

116 inet_interfaces = all ###25端口开启的网络接口。默认情况下,Postfix仅侦听来自本地主机的传入电子邮件。若要重新配置postfix以接收从远程主机发

送的本地邮件,必须设置inet_interfaces = all###

76 myhostname = qq-mail.westos.com ###指定mta主机名称###

83 mydomain = qq.com ###指定mta的域名###

99 myorigin = $mydomain ###指定邮件来源结尾（@后面的字符内容）

164 mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost ###接受邮件结尾字符的指定#

2 systemctl restart postfix.service

3 systemctl stop firewalld.service

4 mail###查看获得的邮件###

过程如下：

发邮件端：

[root@westos-mail named]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

116 inet_interfaces = all###25端口开启的网络接口###

76 myhostname = westos-mail.westos.com###指定mta主机名称###

83 mydomain = westos.com###指定mta的域名###

99 myorigin = westos.com###指定邮件来源结尾（@后面的字符内容）

164 mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost###接受邮件结尾字符的指定#

[root@westos-mail named]# systemctl restart postfix.service

[root@westos-mail named]# systemctl stop firewalld

[root@westos-mail named]# mail root@qq.com

Subject: hello

hello

EOT

[root@westos-mail named]# mailq

Mail queue is empty

[root@westos-mail named]#

接收邮件端：

[root@qq-mail ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

116 inet_interfaces = all ###25端口开启的网络接口###

76 myhostname = qq-mail.qq.com ###指定mta主机名称###

83 mydomain = qq.com ###指定mta的域名###

99 myorigin = $mydomain ###指定邮件来源结尾（@后面的字符内容）

164 mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost ###接受邮件结尾字符的指定#

[root@qq-mail ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service

[root@qq-mail ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service

[root@qq-mail ~]# mailq

Mail queue is empty

You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root

[root@qq-mail ~]# cat /var/spool/mail/root

From root@westos.com Sat May 20 03:13:41 2017

Return-Path: <root@westos.com>

X-Original-To: root@qq.com

Delivered-To: root@qq.com

Received: from westos-mail.westos.com (unknown [172.25.254.112])

by qq-mail.westos.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id 3442417E84B

for <root@qq.com>; Sat, 20 May 2017 03:13:41 -0400 (EDT)

Received: by westos-mail.westos.com (Postfix, from userid 0)

id CD43D2462AE; Sat, 20 May 2017 03:13:40 -0400 (EDT)

Date: Sat, 20 May 2017 03:13:40 -0400

To: root@qq.com

Subject: hello

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10

MIME-Version: 1.0

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

三邮件别名

接收邮件端：

1 vim /etc/aliases

内容：

admin: root

别名真名

2 postalias /etc/aliases###立即生效###

3 systemctl restart postfix.service###重启服务###

测试：

发邮件端：

1 mail admin@qq.com

Subject: haa

haa

EOT

2 mailq

接收邮件端：

mail

过程如下：

发邮件端：

[root@westos-mail ~]# mail admin@qq.com

Subject: haa

haa

EOT

[root@westos-mail ~]# mailq

Mail queue is empty

收邮件端：

[root@qq-mail ~]# vim /etc/aliases

postfix , dovecot 配置

[root@qq-mail ~]# postalias /etc/aliases ###立即生效###

[root@qq-mail ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service

[root@qq-mail ~]# mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 3 messages 1 new 3 unread

U 1 root Sat May 20 03:13 22/741 "hello"

U 2 root Sat May 20 03:25 22/747 "world"

>N 3 root Sat May 20 04:09 21/731 "haa"

& q

Held 3 messages in /var/spool/mail/root

You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root

四邮件群发

接收邮件端：

1 vim /etc/aliases

内容：

moreuser: :include:/etc/postfix/moreuser

别名

2 vim /etc/postfix/moreuser

内容：

student

root

3 postalias /etc/aliases###立即生效###

4 systemctl restart postfix.service###重启服务###

测试：

发邮件端：

1 mail moreuser@qq.com

Subject: hello

kaa

EOT

2 mailq

收邮件端:

1 mail -u student ###查看student的邮件###

2 mail -u root ###查看root的邮件###

过程如下：

发邮件端：

[root@westos-mail ~]# mail moreuser@qq.com

Subject: hello

kaa

EOT

[root@westos-mail ~]# mailq

Mail queue is empty

[root@qq-mail ~]# vim /etc/aliases

postfix , dovecot 配置

moreuser: :include:/etc/postfix/moreuser

别名

[root@qq-mail ~]# vim /etc/postfix/moreuser

student

root

收邮件端：

[root@qq-mail ~]# postalias /etc/aliases

[root@qq-mail ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service

[root@qq-mail ~]# > /var/spool/mail/root

[root@qq-mail ~]# mail -u student ###查看student的邮件###

No mail for student

[root@qq-mail ~]# mail -u root ###查看root的邮件###

No mail for root

[root@qq-mail ~]# mail -u root

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/mail/root": 1 message 1 new

>N 1 root Sat May 20 04:12 24/868 "hello"

& q

Held 1 message in /var/mail/root

[root@qq-mail ~]# mail -u student

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/mail/student": 1 message 1 new

>N 1 root Sat May 20 04:12 24/871 "hello"

& q

Held 1 message in /var/mail/student

You have mail in /var/spool/mail/root

五通过远程主机测试邮件服务

1 telnet 172.25.254.112 25###连接172.25.254.112的25端口###

Trying 172.25.254.112...

Connected to 172.25.254.112.

Escape character is '^]'.

220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix

ehlo hello ###跟112主机打个招呼##

250-westos-mail.westos.com

250-PIPELINING

250-SIZE 10240000

250-VRFY

250-ETRN

250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES

250-8BITMIME

250 DSN

mail from:root@westos.com ###邮件从root@westos.com发送###

250 2.1.0 Ok

rcpt to:root@qq.com ###邮件发到root@qq.com###

250 2.1.5 Ok

data ###邮件内容###

354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>

hello world

hai

. ##以“.”表示结束###

250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as EEB672462AF

六拒绝远程主机连接

1 postconf -e "smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access" #用smtpd_client_restrictions参数去检测/etc/postfix/access，但真正检测的是加密后的文件access.db####

2 vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

3 vim /etc/postfix/access###编辑你拒绝连接的主机###

内容：

172.25.254.12 REJECT

4 postmap /etc/postfix/access ###加密###

5 cd /etc/postfix/###加密后的文件在该目录下###

6 systemctl restart postfix.service

测试：

telnet 172.25.254.112 25

过程如下：

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -d | grep client###显示client的默认值##

broken_sasl_auth_clients = no

local_header_rewrite_clients = permit_inet_interfaces

parent_domain_matches_subdomains = debug_peer_list,fast_flush_domains,mynetworks,permit_mx_backup_networks,qmqpd_authorized_clients,relay_domains,smtpd_access_maps

postscreen_client_connection_count_limit = $smtpd_client_connection_count_limit

qmqpd_authorized_clients =

qmqpd_client_port_logging = no

relay_clientcerts =

smtpd_authorized_verp_clients = $authorized_verp_clients

smtpd_authorized_xclient_hosts =

smtpd_client_connection_count_limit = 50

smtpd_client_connection_rate_limit = 0

smtpd_client_event_limit_exceptions = ${smtpd_client_connection_limit_exceptions:$mynetworks}

smtpd_client_message_rate_limit = 0

smtpd_client_new_tls_session_rate_limit = 0

smtpd_client_port_logging = no

smtpd_client_recipient_rate_limit = 0

smtpd_client_restrictions =

unknown_client_reject_code = 450

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "smtpd_client_restrictions = check_client_access hash:/etc/postfix/access" #用smtpd_client_restrictions参数去检测/etc/postfix/access，但真正检测的是加密后的文件access.db####

[root@westos-mail ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf

postfix , dovecot 配置

[root@westos-mail ~]# vim /etc/postfix/access

postfix , dovecot 配置

[root@westos-mail ~]# vim /etc/postfix/access

[root@westos-mail ~]# postmap /etc/postfix/access ###加密###

[root@westos-mail ~]# ls

anaconda-ks.cfg Documents Music Public Videos

Desktop Downloads Pictures Templates

[root@westos-mail ~]# cd /etc/postfix/

[root@westos-mail postfix]# ls

access generic master.cf virtual

access.db header_checks relocated

canonical main.cf transport

[root@westos-mail postfix]#

测试：

[root@foundation12 Desktop]# telnet 172.25.254.112 25

Trying 172.25.254.112...

Connected to 172.25.254.112.

Escape character is '^]'.

220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix

mail from:root@westos.com

250 2.1.0 Ok

rcpt to:root@qq.com

554 5.7.1 <unknown[172.25.254.12]>: Client host rejected: Access denied

502 5.5.2 Error: command not recognized

quit

221 2.0.0 Bye

Connection closed by foreign host.

[root@foundation12 Desktop]#

七限制远程主机连接用户发送

被连接的主机：

1 postconf -d | grep sender###查看参数###

2 postconf -e "smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_access hash:/etc/postfix/sender"###用smtpd_sender_restrictions参数去检测

/etc/postfix/sender文件###

3 vim /etc/postfix/sender###编辑文件###

内容：

student@westos.com REJECT###拒绝student@westos.com用户发送###

4 postmap /etc/postfix/sender###加密###

5 cd /etc/postfix/###加密后的文件在该目录下

6 systemctl restart postfix.service###重启服务###

过程如下：

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -d | grep sender

address_verify_sender = $double_bounce_sender

address_verify_sender_dependent_default_transport_maps = $sender_dependent_default_transport_maps

address_verify_sender_dependent_relayhost_maps = $sender_dependent_relayhost_maps

address_verify_sender_ttl = 0s

canonical_classes = envelope_sender, envelope_recipient, header_sender, header_recipient

double_bounce_sender = double-bounce

lmtp_sender_dependent_authentication = no

masquerade_classes = envelope_sender, header_sender, header_recipient

proxy_read_maps = $local_recipient_maps $mydestination $virtual_alias_maps $virtual_alias_domains $virtual_mailbox_maps $virtual_mailbox_domains $relay_recipient_maps $relay_domains $canonical_maps $sender_canonical_maps $recipient_canonical_maps $relocated_maps $transport_maps $mynetworks $smtpd_sender_login_maps $sender_bcc_maps $recipient_bcc_maps $smtp_generic_maps $lmtp_generic_maps $alias_maps

sender_bcc_maps =

sender_canonical_classes = envelope_sender, header_sender

sender_canonical_maps =

sender_dependent_default_transport_maps =

sender_dependent_relayhost_maps =

smtp_sender_dependent_authentication = no

smtpd_reject_unlisted_sender = no

smtpd_sender_login_maps =

smtpd_sender_restrictions =

unverified_sender_defer_code = 450

unverified_sender_reject_code = 450

unverified_sender_reject_reason =

unverified_sender_tempfail_action = $reject_tempfail_action

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "smtpd_sender_restrictions = check_sender_acess hash:/etc/postfix/sender"

[root@westos-mail ~]# vim /etc/postfix/sender

[root@westos-mail ~]# postmap /etc/postfix/sender

[root@westos-mail ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service

[root@westos-mail ~]# systemctl start named

[root@westos-mail ~]# systemctl stop firewalld

[root@westos-mail postfix]# ls

access canonical header_checks master.cf sender transport

access.db generic main.cf relocated sender.db virtual

测试：

[kiosk@foundation12 Desktop]$ telnet 172.25.254.112 25

Trying 172.25.254.112...

Connected to 172.25.254.112.

Escape character is '^]'.

220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix

mail from:student@westos.com

250 2.1.0 Ok

rcpt to:root@westos.com

554 5.7.1 <unknown[172.25.254.12]>: Client host rejected: Access denied

quit

221 2.0.0 Bye

Connection closed by foreign host.

[kiosk@foundation12 Desktop]$

八限制用户接收

接受邮件端：

1 postconf -e "smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recip"

2 vim /etc/postfix/recip

内容：

westos@westos.com REJECT###限制westos@wests.com用户接收###

3 postmap /etc/postfix/recip ###加密###

4 systemctl restart postfix.service

过程如下：

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "smtpd_recipient_restrictions = check_recipient_access hash:/etc/postfix/recip"

[root@westos-mail ~]# vim /etc/postfix/recip

westos@westos.com REJECT

[root@westos-mail ~]# postmap /etc/postfix/recip

[root@westos-mail ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service

测试：

[kiosk@foundation12 Desktop]$ telnet 172.25.254.112 25

Trying 172.25.254.112...

Connected to 172.25.254.112.

Escape character is '^]'.

220 westos-mail.westos.com ESMTP Postfix

mail from:westos@westos.com

250 2.1.0 Ok

rcpt to:root@westos.com

250 2.1.5 Ok

data

354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>

hello

250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as D00F9EAC27

mail from:root@westos.com

250 2.1.0 Ok

rcpt to:westos@westos.com

554 5.7.1 <westos@westos.com>: Recipient address rejected: Access denied

421 4.4.2 westos-mail.westos.com Error: timeout exceeded

Connection closed by foreign host.

九入站地址转换

邮件发送方：

1 postconf -e "smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic"

2 vim /etc/postfix/generic

3 postmap /etc/postfix/generic

westos@westos.com hello@haa.com

真实用户虚拟用户

4 postmap /etc/postfix/generic###加密###

测试：

su - westos

mail root@qq.com

过程如下：

邮件发送方：

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -d | grep generic

lmtp_generic_maps =

smtp_generic_maps =

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic"

[root@westos-mail ~]# vim /etc/postfix/generic

[root@westos-mail ~]# postmap /etc/postfix/generic

测试：

邮件发送方：

[root@westos-mail ~]# su - westos

[westos@westos-mail ~]$ mail root@qq.com

Subject: hello hello

hello

EOT

[westos@westos-mail ~]$ mailq

Mail queue is empty

邮件接收方：

[root@qq-mail ~]# mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 3 messages 1 new

1 root Sat May 20 04:12 25/879 "hello"

2 root@westos.com Sat May 20 04:36 15/510

>N 3 hello@haa.com Sat May 20 22:32 21/725 "hello hello"

& 3

Message 3:

From hello@haa.com Sat May 20 22:32:21 2017

Return-Path: <hello@haa.com>###名字发生了变化###

X-Original-To: root@qq.com

Delivered-To: root@qq.com

Date: Sat, 20 May 2017 22:32:23 -0400

To: root@qq.com

Subject: hello hello

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: hello@haa.com

Status: R

hello

十出站地址转换

1）先做dns解析：

1 vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

内容：

zone "haa.com" IN {

type master;

file "haa.com.zone";

allow-update { none; };

};

2 cd /var/named/

3 cp -p qq.com.zone haa.com.zone

4 vim haa.com.zone

内容：

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA dns.haa.com. root.haa.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS dns.haa.com.

dns A 172.25.254.112

haa.com. MX 1 172.25.254.112.##为真实名字主机的ip###

5 systemctl restart named

过程如下：

[root@westos-mail westos]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

zone "haa.com" IN {

type master;

file "haa.com.zone";

allow-update { none; };

};

[root@westos-mail named]# cd /var/named/

[root@westos-mail named]# ls

data named.ca named.localhost qq.com.zone westos.com.zone

dynamic named.empty named.loopback slaves

[root@westos-mail named]# cp -p qq.com.zone haa.com.zone

[root@westos-mail named]# vim haa.com.zone

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA dns.haa.com. root.haa.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS dns.haa.com.

dns A 172.25.254.112

haa.com. MX 1 172.25.254.112.

[root@westos-mail named]# systemctl restart named

2）配置

1 postconf -e "virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual"

2 vim /etc/postfix/virtual

内容：

hello@haa.com westos@westos.com

别名真名

3 postmap /etc/postfix/virtual###加密###

4 systemctl restart postfix.service

过程如下：

[root@westos-mail named]# postconf -d | grep virtual

address_verify_virtual_transport = $virtual_transport

propagate_unmatched_extensions = canonical, virtual

unknown_virtual_alias_reject_code = 550

unknown_virtual_mailbox_reject_code = 550

virtual_alias_domains = $virtual_alias_maps

virtual_alias_expansion_limit = 1000

virtual_alias_maps = $virtual_maps

virtual_alias_recursion_limit = 1000

virtual_delivery_slot_cost = $default_delivery_slot_cost

virtual_delivery_slot_discount = $default_delivery_slot_discount

virtual_delivery_slot_loan = $default_delivery_slot_loan

virtual_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit

virtual_destination_concurrency_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_limit

virtual_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback

virtual_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback

virtual_destination_rate_delay = $default_destination_rate_delay

virtual_destination_recipient_limit = $default_destination_recipient_limit

virtual_extra_recipient_limit = $default_extra_recipient_limit

virtual_gid_maps =

virtual_initial_destination_concurrency = $initial_destination_concurrency

virtual_mailbox_base =

virtual_mailbox_domains = $virtual_mailbox_maps

virtual_mailbox_limit = 51200000

virtual_mailbox_lock = fcntl, dotlock

virtual_mailbox_maps =

virtual_minimum_delivery_slots = $default_minimum_delivery_slots

virtual_minimum_uid = 100

virtual_recipient_limit = $default_recipient_limit

virtual_recipient_refill_delay = $default_recipient_refill_delay

virtual_recipient_refill_limit = $default_recipient_refill_limit

virtual_transport = virtual

virtual_uid_maps =

[root@westos-mail named]# postconf -e "virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual"

[root@westos-mail named]# vim /etc/postfix/virtual

postfix , dovecot 配置

hello@haa.com westos@westos.com

别名真名

[root@westos-mail named]# postmap /etc/postfix/virtual###加密###

[root@westos-mail named]# systemctl restart postfix.service

测试：

邮件发送端：

1 mail hello@haa.com###发邮件###

2 mailq

邮件接收端：

mail

过程如下：

[root@westos-mail named]# mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/westos": 1 message 1 new

>N 1 root Sat May 20 22:42 21/719 "hai"

& 1

Message 1:

From root@qq.com Sat May 20 22:42:59 2017

Return-Path: <root@qq.com>

X-Original-To: hello@haa.com

Delivered-To: westos@westos.com

Date: Sat, 20 May 2017 22:42:58 -0400

To: hello@haa.com

Subject: hai

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@qq.com (root)

Status: R

hai

[root@qq-mail ~]# mail hello@haa.com###发邮件###

Subject: hai

hai

EOT

[root@qq-mail ~]# mailq

Mail queue is empty

[root@qq-mail ~]#

（二）dovecot配置

一定义：

dovecot用来提供收件协议。

协议：端口：

pop3110

imap143

imaps993

pop3s995

给定用户名称，用户密码，dovecot程序带我们去看这个用户的邮件文件

二配置

1 vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf###谁能够访问并且通过验证###

内容：

24 protocols = imap pop3 lmtp###打开收件协议###

48 login_trusted_networks = 0.0.0.0/0###允许所有人连接###

49 disable_plaintext_auth = no###支持明文###

2 vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf###带用户去看什么文件###

内容：

30 mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u

3 mkdir /etc/skel/mail/.imap -p###在用户骨架文件里建立目录，则新建的用户均有该目录###

4 touch /etc/skel/mail/.imap/INBOX

5 mkdir /home/westos/mail/.imap -p###如果是原先就存在的用户，则要另外建该目录，因为用户骨架文件中没有该用户的这个目录###

6 touch /home/westos/mail/.imap/INBOX

过程如下：

[root@westos-mail ~]# yum install dovecot -y

[root@westos-mail ~]# systemctl start dovecot

[root@westos-mail ~]# netstat -anplte | grep dovecot

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:993 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 92793 5989/dovecot

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:995 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 92769 5989/dovecot

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:110 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 92767 5989/dovecot

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:143 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 0 92791 5989/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::993 :::* LISTEN 0 92794 5989/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::995 :::* LISTEN 0 92770 5989/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::110 :::* LISTEN 0 92768 5989/dovecot

tcp6 0 0 :::143 :::* LISTEN 0 92792 5989/dovecot

[root@westos-mail ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf

postfix , dovecot 配置

[root@westos-mail ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf

postfix , dovecot 配置

[root@westos-mail ~]# systemctl restart dovecot.service

[root@westos-mail ~]# mkdir /etc/skel/mail/.imap -p

[root@westos-mail ~]# touch /etc/skel/mail/.imap/INBOX

[root@westos-mail ~]# passwd westos

Changing password for user westos.

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@westos-mail ~]# mkdir /home/westos/mail/.imap -p

[root@westos-mail ~]# touch /home/westos/mail/.imap/INBOX

测试：

mutt -f pop://westos@172.25.254.112

postfix , dovecot 配置

三 profix+mysql

1）准备工作：

1 yum install httpd php php-mysql.x86_64 mariadb-server.x86_64 -y

2 vim /etc/my.cnf

内容：

skip-networking = 1

3 mysql_secure_installation ###数据库初始化###

4 cd /var/www/html/

5 tar jxf phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages.tar.bz2

6 mv phpMyAdmin-3.4.0-all-languages/ myadmin

7 cd myadmin/

8 cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php

9 vim config.inc.php

postfix , dovecot 配置

10 systemctl restart httpd

11 create user postuser@localhost identified by 'postuser';

12 create db ,usermessage,dbuser

postfix , dovecot 配置

2）配置

1 cd /etc/postfix/

2 vim mailuser.cf###用户名称查询###

内容：

hosts = localhost###数据库所在主机###

user = postuser###登入数据库的用户###

password = postuser###登入数据库的密码###

dbname = email###postfix要查询的库的名称###

table = emailuser###postfix要查询的表的名称###

select_field = username###postfix要查询的字段###

where_field = username###用户给定postfix的查询条件###

3 cp mailuser.cf maildomain.cf###用户域名查询###

4 vim maildomain.cf

hosts = localhost

user = postuser

password = postuser

dbname = email

table = emailuser

select_field = domain

where_field = domain

5 cp mailuser.cf mailbox.cf

6 vim mailbox.cf ###用户邮箱查询###

hosts = localhost

user = postuser

password = postuser

dbname = email

table = emailuser

select_field = maildir

where_field = username

7 postmap -q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf ###查看是否会输出用户名，若输出，则说明写对了###

8 postmap -q "lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/maildomain.cf

9 postmap -q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf

3）postfix配置

1 groupadd -g 666 vmail

2 useradd -s /sbin/nologin -u 666 vmail -g 666

3 postconf -d | grep virtual

4 postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail"###设定虚拟用户的邮件目录###

5 postconf -e "virtual_uid_maps = static:666"###虚拟用户建立文件的uid###

6 postconf -e "virtual_gid_maps = static:666"###虚拟用户的建立文件的gid###

7 postconf -e "virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf"

8 postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf"

9 postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/maildomain.cf"

测试是否写对：若是存在则说明写对了

ll /etc/postfix/mailuser.cf

ll /etc/postfix/mailbox.cf

ll /etc/postfix/maildomain.cf

测试：

mail lee@lee.com###看能否使用数据库里的用户发送邮件###

过程如下：

[root@westos-mail myadmin]# cd /etc/postfix/

[root@westos-mail postfix]# vim mailuser.cf

hosts = localhost

user = postuser

password = postuser

dbname = email

table = emailuser

select_field = username

where_field = username

[root@westos-mail postfix]# postmap -q "lee@lee.com" mysql:mailuser.cf

postmap: fatal: bad string length 0 < 1: mailuser.cf_dbname =

[root@westos-mail postfix]# postmap -q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf

[root@westos-mail postfix]# vim mailuser.cf

[root@westos-mail postfix]# postmap -q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf

lee@lee.com

[root@westos-mail postfix]# cp mailuser.cf maildomain.cf

[root@westos-mail postfix]# vim maildomain.cf

hosts = localhost

user = postuser

password = postuser

dbname = email

table = emailuser

select_field = domain

where_field = domain

[root@westos-mail postfix]# postmap -q "lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/maildomain.cf

lee.com,lee.com

[root@westos-mail postfix]# cp mailuser.cf mailbox.cf

[root@westos-mail postfix]# vim mailbox.cf

hosts = localhost

user = postuser

password = postuser

dbname = email

table = emailuser

select_field = maildir

where_field = username

[root@westos-mail postfix]# postmap -q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf

postmap: warning: mysql query failed: Unknown column 'madir' in 'field list'

postmap: fatal: table mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf: query error: Success

[root@westos-mail postfix]# vim mailbox.cf

[root@westos-mail postfix]# postmap -q "lee@lee.com" mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf

/mnt/lee.com/lee

[root@westos-mail postfix]#

[root@westos-mail ~]# groupadd -g 666 vmail

[root@westos-mail ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -u 666 vmail -g 666

[root@westos-mail ~]# id vmail

uid=666(vmail) gid=666(vmail) groups=666(vmail)

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -d | grep virtual

address_verify_virtual_transport = $virtual_transport

propagate_unmatched_extensions = canonical, virtual

unknown_virtual_alias_reject_code = 550

unknown_virtual_mailbox_reject_code = 550

virtual_alias_domains = $virtual_alias_maps

virtual_alias_expansion_limit = 1000

virtual_alias_maps = $virtual_maps

virtual_alias_recursion_limit = 1000

virtual_delivery_slot_cost = $default_delivery_slot_cost

virtual_delivery_slot_discount = $default_delivery_slot_discount

virtual_delivery_slot_loan = $default_delivery_slot_loan

virtual_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_failed_cohort_limit

virtual_destination_concurrency_limit = $default_destination_concurrency_limit

virtual_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_negative_feedback

virtual_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback = $default_destination_concurrency_positive_feedback

virtual_destination_rate_delay = $default_destination_rate_delay

virtual_destination_recipient_limit = $default_destination_recipient_limit

virtual_extra_recipient_limit = $default_extra_recipient_limit

virtual_gid_maps =

virtual_initial_destination_concurrency = $initial_destination_concurrency

virtual_mailbox_base =

virtual_mailbox_domains = $virtual_mailbox_maps

virtual_mailbox_limit = 51200000

virtual_mailbox_lock = fcntl, dotlock

virtual_mailbox_maps =

virtual_minimum_delivery_slots = $default_minimum_delivery_slots

virtual_minimum_uid = 100

virtual_recipient_limit = $default_recipient_limit

virtual_recipient_refill_delay = $default_recipient_refill_delay

virtual_recipient_refill_limit = $default_recipient_refill_limit

virtual_transport = virtual

virtual_uid_maps =

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_base = /home/vmail"

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "virtual_uid_maps = static:666"

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "virtual_gid_maps = static:666"

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mailuser.cf"

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfi/maildomain.cf

[root@westos-mail ~]# postconf -e "virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/etc/postfix/mailbox.cf"

[root@westos-mail ~]# ll /etc/postfix/mailuser.cf

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 134 May 21 04:06 /etc/postfix/mailuser.cf

[root@westos-mail ~]# ll /etc/postfix/mailbox.cf

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 133 May 21 04:21 /etc/postfix/mailbox.cf

[root@westos-mail ~]# ll /etc/postfix/maildomain.cf

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 130 May 21 04:19 /etc/postfix/maildomain.cf

[root@westos-mail ~]# cd /home/vmail/

[root@westos-mail vmail]# ls

mail

[root@westos-mail vmail]# mail lee@lee.com

Subject: hello

hello hello

EOT

[root@westos-mail vmail]# mailq

Mail queue is empty

[root@westos-mail vmail]# ls

lee.com mail

[root@westos-mail vmail]# cd lee.com/

[root@westos-mail lee.com]# ls

lee

[root@westos-mail lee.com]# cd lee/

[root@westos-mail lee]# ls

cur new tmp

[root@westos-mail lee]# cd new/

[root@westos-mail new]# cat new/

cat: new/: No such file or directory

[root@westos-mail new]# cd ne

-bash: cd: ne: No such file or directory

[root@westos-mail new]# cd new/

-bash: cd: new/: No such file or directory

[root@westos-mail new]#

[root@westos-mail new]# ls

1495357341.Vfd01I30059aaM65037.westos-mail.westos.com

[root@westos-mail new]# cat 1495357341.Vfd01I30059aaM65037.westos-mail.westos.com

Return-Path: <root@westos.com>

X-Original-To: lee@lee.com

Delivered-To: lee@lee.com

Received: by westos-mail.westos.com (Postfix, from userid 0)

id DF62F273AC2; Sun, 21 May 2017 05:02:20 -0400 (EDT)

Date: Sun, 21 May 2017 05:02:20 -0400

To: lee@lee.com

Subject: hello

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10

MIME-Version: 1.0

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit

Message-Id: <20170521090220.DF62F273AC2@westos-mail.westos.com>

From: root@westos.com (root)

hello hello

postfix , dovecot 配置

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