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使用Python怎么编写一个论文下载器?针对这个问题,这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答,希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
1. 搜索论文
通过论文的URL、PMID、DOI号或者论文标题等搜索到对应的论文,并通过bs4库找出PDF原文的链接地址,代码如下:
def search_article(artName): ''' 搜索论文 --------------- 输入:论文名 --------------- 输出:搜索结果(如果没有返回"",否则返回PDF链接) ''' url = 'https://www.sci-hub.ren/' headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2', 'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br', 'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'Content-Length':'123', 'Origin':'https://www.sci-hub.ren', 'Connection':'keep-alive', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'} data = {'sci-hub-plugin-check':'', 'request':artName} res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data) html = res.text soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser') iframe = soup.find(id='pdf') if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章 return '' else: downUrl = iframe['src'] if 'http' not in downUrl: downUrl = 'https:'+downUrl return downUrl
得到了论文的链接地址之后,只需要通过requests发送一个请求,即可将其下载:
def download_article(downUrl): ''' 根据论文链接下载文章 ---------------------- 输入:论文链接 ---------------------- 输出:PDF文件二进制 ''' headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2', 'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br', 'Connection':'keep-alive', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'} res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers) return res.content
将上述两个函数整合之后,我的完整代码如下:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Created on Tue Jan 5 16:32:22 2021 @author: kimol_love """ import os import time import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup def search_article(artName): ''' 搜索论文 --------------- 输入:论文名 --------------- 输出:搜索结果(如果没有返回"",否则返回PDF链接) ''' url = 'https://www.sci-hub.ren/' headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2', 'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br', 'Content-Type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded', 'Content-Length':'123', 'Origin':'https://www.sci-hub.ren', 'Connection':'keep-alive', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'} data = {'sci-hub-plugin-check':'', 'request':artName} res = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=data) html = res.text soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser') iframe = soup.find(id='pdf') if iframe == None: # 未找到相应文章 return '' else: downUrl = iframe['src'] if 'http' not in downUrl: downUrl = 'https:'+downUrl return downUrl def download_article(downUrl): ''' 根据论文链接下载文章 ---------------------- 输入:论文链接 ---------------------- 输出:PDF文件二进制 ''' headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; Win64; x64; rv:84.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/84.0', 'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8', 'Accept-Language':'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2', 'Accept-Encoding':'gzip, deflate, br', 'Connection':'keep-alive', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1'} res = requests.get(downUrl, headers=headers) return res.content def welcome(): ''' 欢迎界面 ''' os.system('cls') title = ''' _____ _____ _____ _ _ _ _ ____ / ____|/ ____|_ _| | | | | | | | _ \ | (___ | | | |______| |__| | | | | |_) | \___ \| | | |______| __ | | | | _ < ____) | |____ _| |_ | | | | |__| | |_) | |_____/ \_____|_____| |_| |_|\____/|____/ ''' print(title) if __name__ == '__main__': while True: welcome() request = input('请输入URL、PMID、DOI或者论文标题:') print('搜索中...') downUrl = search_article(request) if downUrl == '': print('未找到相关论文,请重新搜索!') else: print('论文链接:%s'%downUrl) print('下载中...') pdf = download_article(downUrl) with open('%s.pdf'%request, 'wb') as f: f.write(pdf) print('---下载完成---') time.sleep(0.8)
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