4、django操作单表进行增删改

发布时间：2020-06-28 04:06:21 作者：yht_1990
来源：网络阅读：421

1、django初始化配置
https://blog.51cto.com/yht1990/2382898

2、创建模型
D:\mysite\polls\models.py

from django.db import models
class Publisher(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)  # 自增的ID主键
    name = models.CharField(max_length=64, null=False)

3、建表

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

4、url配置
主项目url
D:\mysite\mysite\urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include

urlpatterns = [
    path('polls/',include('polls.urls')),
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
]

应用项目url
D:\mysite\polls\urls.py

from django.urls import path

from . import views
 #添加命名空间
app_name = 'polls'
urlpatterns = [

    #访问列表页
    path('publisher_list/', views.published_list,name='published_list'),
        #添加数据
    path('add_publisher/', views.add_publisher,name='add_publisher'),
    #删除数据
    path('delete_publisher/', views.delete_publisher,name='delete_publisher'),
    #path('edit_publisher/', views.edit_publisher,name='edit_publisher'),
]

五、静态html（以后有列表页，数据增、改页面，删除不需要单独html页面）
列表页
D:\mysite\polls\templates\polls\publisher_list.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>出版社列表</title>
</head>
<body>

<a href="/polls/add_publisher/">添加新的出版社</a>

<table border="1">
    <thead>
        <tr>
            <th>序号</th>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>出版社名称</th>
            <th>操作</th>
        </tr>
    </thead>
    <tbody>
        {% for publisher in publisher_list %}
            <tr>
                <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
                <td>{{ publisher.id }}</td>
                <td>{{ publisher.name }}</td>
                <td>
                    <a  href="/delete_publisher/?id={{ publisher.id }}">删除</a>
                    <a href="/edit_publisher/?id={{ publisher.id }}">编辑</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        {% endfor %}
    </tbody>
</table>

</body>
</html>

#静态htm数据增页面
D:\mysite\polls\templates\polls\add_publisher.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>添加出版社</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>添加出版社</h2>
<!--url指提交的数据交给add_publisher函数处理，
polls为命名空间名字，绑定了add_publisher函数，指执行polls应用下的add_publisher函数
-->
<form action="{% url 'polls:add_publisher' %}" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    <input type="text" name="publisher_name">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
    <p >{{ error }}</p>
</form>

</body>
</html>

#静态html改页面
D:\mysite\polls\templates\polls\edit_publisher.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>编辑出版社</title>
</head>
<body>

<h2>编辑出版社</h2>

<form action="/polls/edit_publisher/" method="post">
    <input type="text" name="id" value="{{ publisher.id }}" >
    <input type="text" name="publisher_name" value="{{ publisher.name }}">
    <input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>

</body>
</html>

python后端
D:\mysite\polls\views.py

from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse, render, redirect
from polls import models
from .models import Publisher

#列表页函数
def published_list(request):
    ret = Publisher.objects.all().order_by("id")
    return render(request,"polls/publisher_list.html",{"publisher_list": ret})

#添加函数
def add_publisher(request):
    error_msg = ""

        #如果是POST请求,我就取到用户填写的数据
    print(request.method)
    if request.method == "POST":
        new_name = request.POST.get("publisher_name", None)
        if new_name:
            # 通过ORM去数据库里新建一条记录
            Publisher.objects.create(name=new_name)
           #返回访问列表面，退出
            return redirect("/polls/publisher_list/")
        else:
                    #如果用户post后没有数据则设置变量
            error_msg = "出版社名字不能为空!"
     #如果是get请求访问此页面
    return render(request, "polls/add_publisher.html", {"error": error_msg})

#删除函数
def delete_publisher(request):
    print(request.GET)
    print("=" * 120)
    #1. 从GET请求的参数里面拿到将要删除的数据的ID值
    del_id = request.GET.get("id", None)  # 字典取值,娶不到默认为None
    #如果能取到id值
    if del_id:
        # 去数据库删除当前id值的数据
        #根据id值查找到数据
        del_obj = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=del_id)
        #删除
        del_obj.delete()
        #返回删除后的页面,跳转到出版社的列表页,查看删除是否成功
        return redirect("/polls/publisher_list/")
    else:
        return HttpResponse("要删除的数据不存在!")

#编辑函数
def edit_publisher(request):
    #用户修改完出版社的名字,点击提交按钮,给我发来新的出版社名字
    if request.method == "POST":
        print(request.POST)
        #取新出版社名字
        edit_id = request.POST.get("id")
        new_name = request.POST.get("publisher_name")
        #更新出版社
        #根据id取到编辑的是哪个出版社
        edit_publisher = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=edit_id)
        edit_publisher.name = new_name
        edit_publisher.save()  # 把修改提交到数据库
        #跳转出版社列表页,查看是否修改成功
        return redirect("/polls/publisher_list/")
    #从GET请求的URL中取到id参数
    edit_id = request.GET.get("id")
    if edit_id:
        #获取到当前编辑的出版社对象
        publisher_obj = models.Publisher.objects.get(id=edit_id)
        return render(request, "polls/edit_publisher.html", {"publisher": publisher_obj})
    else:
        return HttpResponse("编辑的出版社不存在!")

访问列表页
http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/publisher_list/
4、django操作单表进行增删改
访问添加页
http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/add_publisher/

访问编辑页
http://127.0.0.1:8000/polls/edit_publisher/?id=7

4、django操作单表进行增删改

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