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这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关Python如何实现对SQL Server 数据文件大小的监控告警功能，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获。
python常用的库：1.requesuts；2.scrapy；3.pillow；4.twisted；5.numpy；6.matplotlib；7.pygama；8.ipyhton等。
系统程序突然报错，报错信息如下：
The transaction log for database '@dbname' is full. To find out why space in the log cannot be reused, see the log_reuse_wait_desc column in sys.databases
此时查看log文件，已达2T。
当时的紧急处理方案是，移除掉镜像，修改数据库恢复模式（由full修改为simple），收缩日志。
为了防止类似问题再次发生，需对log 文件的大小进行监控，当到达阈值后，触发告警。
配置文件qqmssqltest_db_server_conf.ini
同过此配置文件获取DB Server信息、DB信息、UID信息、邮件服务器信息等。
[sqlserver] db_user = XXXXXX db_pwd = XXXXXXX [sqlserver_qq] db_host = 110.119.120.114 db_port = 1433 [windows] user = pwd = [mail] host = zheshiceshidemail.qq.com port = 25 user = pwd = sender = zhejiushiceshidebuyaodangzhen@qq.com
获取连接串的组件mssql_get_db_connect.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import os
import datetime
import configparser
import pymssql
# pip3 install pymssql-2.1.4-cp37-cp37m-win_amd64.whl
# pip3 install pymssql -i https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple
# 获取连接串信息
def mssql_get_db_connect(db_host, db_port):
db_host = db_host
db_port = db_port
db_ps_file = os.path.join(sys.path[0], "qqmssqltest_db_server_conf.ini")
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read(db_ps_file, encoding="utf-8")
db_user = config.get('sqlserver', 'db_user')
db_pwd = config.get('sqlserver', 'db_pwd')
conn = pymssql.connect(host=db_host, port=db_port, user=db_user, password=db_pwd, charset="utf8", login_timeout=5, timeout=600, autocommit=True)
return conn执行SQL语句的组件mysql_exec_sql.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import mysql_get_db_connect def mysql_exec_dml_sql(db_host, db_port, exec_sql): conn = mysql_get_db_connect.mysql_get_db_connect(db_host, db_port) with conn.cursor() as cursor_db: cursor_db.execute(exec_sql) conn.commit() def mysql_exec_select_sql(db_host, db_port, exec_sql): conn = mysql_get_db_connect.mysql_get_db_connect(db_host, db_port) with conn.cursor() as cursor_db: cursor_db.execute(exec_sql) sql_rst = cursor_db.fetchall() return sql_rst def mysql_exec_select_sql_include_colnames(db_host, db_port, exec_sql): conn = mysql_get_db_connect.mysql_get_db_connect(db_host, db_port) with conn.cursor() as cursor_db: cursor_db.execute(exec_sql) sql_rst = cursor_db.fetchall() col_names = cursor_db.description return sql_rst, col_names
发邮件的功能send_monitor_mail.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# pip3 install PyEmail
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import configparser
import os
import sys
# 发送告警邮件
def send_monitor_mail(mail_subject, mail_body, mail_receivers="testwukongbaigujing@qq.com"):
db_ps_file = os.path.join(sys.path[0], "qqmssqltest_db_server_conf.ini")
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read(db_ps_file, encoding="utf-8")
mail_host = config.get('mail', 'host')
mail_port = config.get('mail', 'port')
# mail_user = config.get('mail', 'user')
# mail_pwd = config.get('mail', 'pwd')
sender = config.get('mail', 'sender')
# receivers = config.get('mail', 'receivers')
# 发送HTML格式邮件
message = MIMEText(mail_body, 'html', 'utf-8')
# message = MIMEText(mail_body, 'plain', 'utf-8')
message['subject'] = mail_subject
message['From'] = sender
message['To'] = mail_receivers
try:
smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP()
smtpObj.connect(mail_host, mail_port) # 25 为 SMTP 端口号
# SMTP AUTH extension not supported by server.
# https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microblog/issues/76
# smtpObj.ehlo()
# smtpObj.starttls()
# smtpObj.login(mail_user, mail_pwd)
smtpObj.sendmail(sender, mail_receivers, message.as_string())
smtpObj.quit()
print("邮件发送成功")
except Exception as e:
print(e)
# except smtplib.SMTPException:
# print("Error: 无法发送邮件")收集到的DB数据文件的信息保存到表mssql_dblogsize中，其建表的脚本如下：
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[mssql_dblogsize]( [id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [createtime] [datetime] NULL, [vip] [nvarchar](100) NULL, [port] [nvarchar](100) NULL, [Environment] [nvarchar](200) NULL, [Dbname] [varchar](200) NULL, [Logical_Name] [varchar](200) NULL, [Physical_Name] [varchar](1500) NULL, [Size] [bigint] NULL, PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [id] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[mssql_dblogsize] ADD DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [createtime] GO
为了方便对表mssql_dblogsize的数据进行管理和展示，在其基础上抽象加工出了一个视图v_mssql_dblogsize，注意Size大小的转换（Size/128/1024 as SizeGB）
创建视图的脚本如下：
CREATE view [dbo].[v_mssql_dblogsize] as SELECT [id] ,[createtime] ,[vip] ,[port] ,[Environment] ,[Dbname] ,[Logical_Name] ,[Physical_Name] ,Size/128/1024 as SizeGB FROM [dbo].[mssql_dblogsize] where size >50*128*1024 and Physical_Name like '%ldf%' GO
本测试实例使用的数据库为qqDB，监控的各个DB Server保存在了表QQDBServer中，注意Port 不一定为标准端口1433.
collect_mssql_dblogsize_info.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import os
import configparser
import pymssql
import mssql_get_db_connect
import mssql_exec_sql
from datetime import datetime
def collect_mssql_dblogsize_info():
db_ps_file = os.path.join(sys.path[0], "qqmssqltest_db_server_conf.ini")
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read(db_ps_file, encoding="utf-8")
m_db_host = config.get('sqlserver_qq', 'db_host')
m_db_port = config.getint('sqlserver_qq', 'db_port')
# 获取需要遍历的DB列表
exec_sql_1 = """
SELECT IP, case Port when '1444,1433' then '1433' else Port end as Port, Environment
FROM qqDB.dbo.QQDBServer
where InUse =1 AND ServerType IN ('SQL')
and IP=VIP ;
"""
sql_rst_1 = mssql_exec_sql.mssql_exec_select_sql(m_db_host, m_db_port, exec_sql_1)
for j in sql_rst_1:
db_host_2 = j[0]
db_port_2 = j[1]
db_Environment = j[2]
exec_sql_2 = """
select '""" + db_host_2 + """' as vip, '""" + db_port_2 + """' as port, '""" + db_Environment + """' as Environment,DB_NAME(database_id) AS DatabaseName,
Name AS Logical_Name,
Physical_Name, size
FROM master.sys.master_files;
"""
try:
sql_rst_2 = mssql_exec_sql.mssql_exec_select_sql(db_host_2, db_port_2, exec_sql_2)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
for k in sql_rst_2:
exec_sql_3 = """
insert into qqDB..mssql_dblogsize([vip], [port], [Environment], [Dbname], [Logical_Name], [Physical_Name], [Size])
values('%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s');
"""
conn = mssql_get_db_connect.mssql_get_db_connect(m_db_host, m_db_port)
with conn.cursor() as cursor_db:
cursor_db.execute(exec_sql_3 % (k[0], k[1], k[2], k[3], k[4], k[5], k[6] ))
conn.commit()
collect_mssql_dblogsize_info()告警邮件的功能实现为mssql_alert_dblogsize.py,此份代码的告警阈值设置的为50G，数据来自于视图v_mssql_dblogsize。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
import os
import configparser
import pymssql
import mssql_get_db_connect
import mssql_exec_sql
import datetime
import send_monitor_mail
import pandas as pd
def mssql_alert_dblogsize():
mail_subject = "SQL Server DB Log Size Greater than 50G, please check!!! "
mail_receivers = "testDBAgrp@qtiantianq.com"
db_ps_file = os.path.join(sys.path[0], "qqmssqltest_db_server_conf.ini")
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read(db_ps_file, encoding="utf-8")
m_db_host = config.get('sqlserver_qq', 'db_host')
m_db_port = config.getint('sqlserver_qq', 'db_port')
# 获取需要遍历的DB列表
exec_sql_4 = """
SELECT [vip] as IP,[port],[Environment],[Dbname]
,[Logical_Name],[Physical_Name],[SizeGB],[createtime]
FROM qqDB.[dbo].[v_mssql_dblogsize]
order by VIP,Dbname;
"""
sql_rst_4, col_name = mssql_exec_sql.mssql_exec_select_sql_include_colnames(m_db_host, m_db_port, exec_sql_4)
# print(sql_rst_4)
if len(sql_rst_4):
mail_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
columns = []
for i in range(len(col_name)):
columns.append(col_name[i][0])
df = pd.DataFrame(columns=columns)
for i in range(len(sql_rst_4)):
df.loc[i] = list(sql_rst_4[i])
mail_body = df.to_html(index=False, justify="left").replace('<th>', '<th style = "color:red; text-align:left; background-color: yellow">')
mail_html = "<html><body><h5>" + "Deal All : " + "<br><h5>" + "以下数据库的db log文件，已大于50G.请及时检查，谢谢！ " + "<br><h5>" + mail_body + "</body></html>"
send_monitor_mail.send_monitor_mail(mail_subject=mail_subject, mail_body=mail_html, mail_receivers=mail_receivers)
mssql_alert_dblogsize()定时任务是通过windows的计划任务来实现的,在此不做过多的叙述。告警邮件的部分截图如下:
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