如何用Python模拟163登陆获取邮件列表

利用cookielib和urllib2模块模拟登陆163的例子有很多，近期看了《python模拟登陆163邮箱并获取通讯录》一文，受到启发，试着对收件箱、发件箱等进行了分析，并列出了所有邮件列表及状态，包括发件人、收件人、主题、发信时间、已读未读等状态。

1、参考代码

#-*- coding:UTF-8 -*-  import urllib,urllib2,cookielib  import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree #xml解析类   class Login163:     #伪装browser      header = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'}      username = ''     passwd = ''     cookie = None #cookie对象      cookiefile = './cookies.dat' #cookie临时存放地      user = ''           def __init__(self,username,passwd):          self.username = username          self.passwd = passwd          #cookie设置          self.cookie = cookielib.LWPCookieJar() #自定义cookie存放          opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(self.cookie))          urllib2.install_opener(opener)      #登陆          def login(self):                  #请求参数设置          postdata = {              'username':self.username,              'password':self.passwd,              'type':1             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)           #发起请求          req = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?type=1&product=mail163&url=http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?lightweight%3D1%26verifycookie%3D1%26language%3D-1%26style%3D1',                  data= postdata,#请求数据                  headers = self.header #请求头              )           result = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()          result = str(result)          self.user = self.username.split('@')[0]           self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)#保存cookie                    if '登录成功，正在跳转...' in result:              #print("%s 你已成功登陆163邮箱。---------\n" %(user))              flag = True         else:              flag = '%s 登陆163邮箱失败。'%(self.user)                       return flag      #获取通讯录      def address_list(self):           #获取认证sid          auth = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?username='+self.user+'&lightweight=1&verifycookie=1&language=-1&style=1',                  headers = self.header              )          auth = urllib2.urlopen(auth).read()          for i,sid in enumerate(self.cookie):#enumerate()用于同时返数字索引与数值，实际上是一个元组:((0,test[0]),(1,test[1]).......)这有点像php里的foreach 语句的作用              sid = str(sid)              if 'sid' in sid:                  sid = sid.split()[1].split('=')[1]                  break         self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)                    #请求地址          url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s?sid='+sid+'&func=global:sequential&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username          #参数设定(var 变量是必需要的,不然就只能看到:<code>S_OK</code><messages/>这类信息)          #这里参数也是在firebug下查看的。          postdata = {              'func':'global:sequential',              'showAd':'false',              'sid':sid,              'uid':self.username,              'userType':'browser',              'var':'<?xml version="1.0"?><object><array name="items"><object><string name="func">pab:searchContacts</string><object name="var"><array name="order"><object><string name="field">FN</string><boolean name="desc">false</boolean><boolean name="ignoreCase">true</boolean></object></array></object></object><object><string name="func">pab:getAllGroups</string></object></array></object>'             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)                    #组装请求          req = urllib2.Request(              url = url,              data = postdata,              headers = self.header              )          res = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()                    #解析XML，转换成json          #说明：由于这样请求后163给出的是xml格式的数据，          #为了返回的数据能方便使用最好是转为JSON          json = []          tree = etree.fromstring(res)          obj = None         for child in tree:              if child.tag == 'array':                  obj = child                              break         #这里多参考一下，etree元素的方法属性等，包括attrib,text,tag,getchildren()等          obj = obj[0].getchildren().pop()          for child in obj:              for x in child:                  attr = x.attrib                  if attr['name']== 'EMAIL;PREF':                      value = {'email':x.text}                      json.append(value)          return json            #Demo  print("Requesting......\n\n")  login = Login163('xxxx@163.com','xxxxx')  flag = login.login()  if type(flag) is bool:      print("Successful landing,Resolved contacts......\n\n")      res = login.address_list()      for x in res:          print(x['email'])  else:      print(flag)

2、分析收件箱、发件箱等网址

在参考代码中，获取通讯录的url为

url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s?sid='+sid+'&func=global:sequential&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username，通过对邮箱地址的分析，发现收件箱、发件箱等的url为url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s？sid='+sid+'&func=mbox:listMessages&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username，其中func=mbox:listMessages。其对收件箱、发件箱的具体区分在下面的postdata中，具体为：

（1）收件箱

postdata = {  'func':'global:sequential',  'showAd':'false',  'sid':'qACVwiwOfuumHPdcYqOOUTAjEXNbBeAr',  'uid':self.username,  'userType':'browser',  'var':'<!--?xml version="1.0"?--><object><int name="fid">1</int><string name="order">date</string><boolean name="desc">true</boolean><boolean name="topFirst">false</boolean><int name="start">0</int><int name="limit">20</int></object>' }

（2）发件箱

postdata = {  'func':'global:sequential',  'showAd':'false',  'sid':'qACVwiwOfuumHPdcYqOOUTAjEXNbBeAr',  'uid':self.username,  'userType':'browser',  'var':'<!--?xml version="1.0"?--><object><int name="fid">3</int><string name="order">date</string><boolean name="desc">true</boolean><boolean name="topFirst">false</boolean><int name="start">0</int><int name="limit">20</int></object>' }

可以看出，两段代码的不同之处就是fid的取值不同，其中收件箱为1，发件箱为3，草稿箱为2。

3、xml解析

利用ElementTree 类来进行xml到字典的转换。在获取通讯录的实例中，主要使用了这一方法。本例子（具体代码见后文）在收取邮件列表时，并没有用这一方法，仍然使用的是字符串的处理方法。但这里还是列一下ElementTree 类对xml的处理。如（参考地址：http://hi.baidu.com/fc_lamp/blog/item/8ed2d53ada4586f714cecb3d.html）：

-<result>     <code>S_OK</code>   -<array name="var">    -<object>       <string name="code">S_OK</string>      -<array name="var">       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       +<object></object>       </array>     </object>    +<object></object>    </array>   </result>

解决方法：

#-*- coding:UTF-8 -*-   import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree #xml解析类  def xml2json(xml):      json = []      tree = etree.fromstring(xml) #如果是文件可用parse(source)      obj = None     for child in tree:          if child.tag == 'array':              obj = child                          break     #这里多参考一下，etree元素的方法属性等，包括attrib,text,tag,getchildren()等      obj = obj[0].getchildren().pop()      for child in obj:          for x in child:              attr = x.attrib              if attr['name']== 'EMAIL;PREF':                  value = {'email':x.text}                  json.append(value)      return json

4、收件箱邮件列表

本例子只列出了收件箱邮件列表，如果需要，可根据以上介绍调整fid值，列出发件箱、草稿箱等的邮件列表。程序在windosxp、py2.6环境下调查通过，运行后，会在当前目录下生成三个文件：inboxlistfile.txt记录收件箱邮件列表，addfile.txt记录通讯录，cookies.dat记录cookies。具体代码如下：

#-*- coding:UTF-8 -*-  import urllib,urllib2,cookielib  import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree #xml解析类   class Login163:     #伪装browser      header = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.1.6) Gecko/20091201 Firefox/3.5.6'}      username = ''     passwd = ''     cookie = None #cookie对象      cookiefile = './cookies.dat' #cookie临时存放地      user = ''           def __init__(self,username,passwd):          self.username = username          self.passwd = passwd          #cookie设置          self.cookie = cookielib.LWPCookieJar() #自定义cookie存放          opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(self.cookie))          urllib2.install_opener(opener)      #登陆          def login(self):                  #请求参数设置          postdata = {              'username':self.username,              'password':self.passwd,              'type':1             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)           #发起请求          req = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://reg.163.com/logins.jsp?type=1&product=mail163&url=http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?lightweight%3D1%26verifycookie%3D1%26language%3D-1%26style%3D1',                  data= postdata,#请求数据                  headers = self.header #请求头              )           result = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()          result = str(result)          #print result          self.user = self.username.split('@')[0]           self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)#保存cookie                    if '登录成功，正在跳转...' in result:              #print("%s 你已成功登陆163邮箱。---------n" %(user))              flag = True         else:              flag = '%s 登陆163邮箱失败。'%(self.user)                       return flag      #获取通讯录      def address_list(self):           #获取认证sid          auth = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?username='+self.user+'&lightweight=1&verifycookie=1&language=-1&style=1',                  headers = self.header              )          auth = urllib2.urlopen(auth).read()           #authstr=str(auth)          #print authstr                    for i,sid in enumerate(self.cookie):              sid = str(sid)              #print 'sid:%s' %sid              if 'sid' in sid:                  sid = sid.split()[1].split('=')[1]                  break         self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)                    #请求地址          url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s?sid='+sid+'&func=global:sequential&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username          #参数设定(var 变量是必需要的,不然就只能看到:<code>S_OK</code><messages>这类信息)          #这里参数也是在firebug下查看的。          postdata = {              'func':'global:sequential',              'showAd':'false',              'sid':'qACVwiwOfuumHPdcYqOOUTAjEXNbBeAr',              'uid':self.username,              'userType':'browser',              'var':'<!--?xml version="1.0"?--><object><array name="items"><object><string name="func">pab:searchContacts</string><object name="var"><array name="order"><object><string name="field">FN</string><boolean name="desc">false</boolean><boolean name="ignoreCase">true</boolean></object></array></object></object><object><string name="func">pab:getAllGroups</string></object></array></object>'             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)                    #组装请求          req = urllib2.Request(              url = url,              data = postdata,              headers = self.header              )          res = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()           #print str(res)                    #解析XML，转换成json          #说明：由于这样请求后163给出的是xml格式的数据，          #为了返回的数据能方便使用最好是转为JSON          json = []          tree = etree.fromstring(res)                               obj = None         for child in tree:              if child.tag == 'array':                  obj = child                              break         #这里多参考一下，etree元素的方法属性等，包括attrib,text,tag,getchildren()等          obj = obj[0].getchildren().pop()          for child in obj:              for x in child:                  attr = x.attrib                  if attr['name']== 'EMAIL;PREF':                      value = {'email':x.text}                      json.append(value)          return json  #获取收件箱      def minbox(self):          #获取认证sid          auth = urllib2.Request(                  url='http://entry.mail.163.com/coremail/fcg/ntesdoor2?username='+self.user+'&lightweight=1&verifycookie=1&language=-1&style=1',                  headers = self.header              )          auth = urllib2.urlopen(auth).read()           #authstr=str(auth)          #print authstr                    for i,sid in enumerate(self.cookie):              sid = str(sid)              #print 'sid:%s' %sid              if 'sid' in sid:                  sid = sid.split()[1].split('=')[1]                  break         self.cookie.save(self.cookiefile)                              url = 'http://twebmail.mail.163.com/js4/s?sid='+sid+'&func=mbox:listMessages&showAd=false&userType=browser&uid='+self.username                    postdata = {              'func':'global:sequential',              'showAd':'false',              'sid':'qACVwiwOfuumHPdcYqOOUTAjEXNbBeAr',              'uid':self.username,              'userType':'browser',              'var':'<!--?xml version="1.0"?--><object><int name="fid">1</int><string name="order">date</string><boolean name="desc">true</boolean><boolean name="topFirst">false</boolean><int name="start">0</int><int name="limit">20</int></object>'             }          postdata = urllib.urlencode(postdata)                    #组装请求          req = urllib2.Request(              url = url,              data = postdata,              headers = self.header              )          res = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()           liststr=str(res).split('<object>')#用object进行分割          inboxlistcount=len(liststr)-1#记录邮件封数          inboxlistfile=open('inboxlistfile.txt','w')          t=0  #记录当前第几封信          for i in liststr:              if 'xml' in i and ' version=' in i:                  inboxlistfile.write('inbox 共'+str(inboxlistcount)+'信')                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')              if 'name="id"' in i:                  t=t+1                 inboxlistfile.write('第'+str(t)+'封：')                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #写入from                  beginnum=i.find('name="from"')                  endnum=i.find('</string>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('From:'+i[beginnum+12:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #写入to                  beginnum=i.find('name="to"')                  endnum=i.find('</string>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('TO:'+i[beginnum+10:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #写入subject                  beginnum=i.find('name="subject"')                  endnum=i.find('</string>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('Subject:'+i[beginnum+15:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #写入date：                  beginnum=i.find('name="sentDate"')                  endnum=i.find('</date>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('Date:'+i[beginnum+16:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  if 'name="read">true' in i:                      inboxlistfile.write('邮件状态:已读')                      inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  else:                      inboxlistfile.write('邮件状态:未读')                      inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #写用邮件尺寸                  beginnum=i.find('name="size"')                  endnum=i.find('</int>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('邮件尺寸:'+i[beginnum+12:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n')                  #写入邮件编号，用于下载邮件                  beginnum=i.find('name="id"')                  endnum=i.find('</string>',beginnum)                  inboxlistfile.write('邮件编号:'+i[beginnum+10:endnum])                  inboxlistfile.write('\n\n')                            inboxlistfile.close()                                        if __name__=='__main__':      print("Edit @xiaowuyi V1.0  http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowuyi")      login = Login163('XXXX@163.com','AAAAA')      flag = login.login()      if type(flag) is bool:            #login.letterdown()          print("登陆成功，正在下载列表和通讯录&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;&hellip;")          login.minbox()          res = login.address_list()          addfile=open('addfile.txt','w')          for x in res:              addfile.write(x['email'])          addfile.close()          print("已完成")      else:          print(flag)

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowuyi/archive/2012/05/21/2511428.html