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小编给大家分享一下Kubernetes节点之间的ping监控怎么实现，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后都有所收获，下面让我们一起去探讨吧！
脚本和配置
我们解决方案的主要组件是一个脚本，该脚本监视每个节点的.status.addresses值。如果某个节点的该值已更改(例如添加了新节点)，则我们的脚本使用Helm value方式将节点列表以ConfigMap的形式传递给Helm图表：
apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: ping-exporter-config namespace: d8-system data: nodes.json: > {{ .Values.pingExporter.targets | toJson }} .Values.pingExporter.targets类似以下： "cluster_targets":[{"ipAddress":"192.168.191.11","name":"kube-a-3"},{"ipAddress":"192.168.191.12","name":"kube-a-2"},{"ipAddress":"192.168.191.22","name":"kube-a-1"},{"ipAddress":"192.168.191.23","name":"kube-db-1"},{"ipAddress":"192.168.191.9","name":"kube-db-2"},{"ipAddress":"51.75.130.47","name":"kube-a-4"}],"external_targets":[{"host":"8.8.8.8","name":"google-dns"},{"host":"youtube.com"}]}下面是Python脚本：
#!/usr/bin/env python3
import subprocess
import prometheus_client
import re
import statistics
import os
import json
import glob
import better_exchook
import datetime
better_exchook.install()
FPING_CMDLINE = "/usr/sbin/fping -p 1000 -C 30 -B 1 -q -r 1".split(" ")
FPING_REGEX = re.compile(r"^(\S*)\s*: (.*)$", re.MULTILINE)
CONFIG_PATH = "/config/targets.json"
registry = prometheus_client.CollectorRegistry()
prometheus_exceptions_counter = \
prometheus_client.Counter('kube_node_ping_exceptions', 'Total number of exceptions', [], registry=registry)
prom_metrics_cluster = {"sent": prometheus_client.Counter('kube_node_ping_packets_sent_total',
'ICMP packets sent',
['destination_node', 'destination_node_ip_address'],
registry=registry),
"received": prometheus_client.Counter('kube_node_ping_packets_received_total',
'ICMP packets received',
['destination_node', 'destination_node_ip_address'],
registry=registry),
"rtt": prometheus_client.Counter('kube_node_ping_rtt_milliseconds_total',
'round-trip time',
['destination_node', 'destination_node_ip_address'],
registry=registry),
"min": prometheus_client.Gauge('kube_node_ping_rtt_min', 'minimum round-trip time',
['destination_node', 'destination_node_ip_address'],
registry=registry),
"max": prometheus_client.Gauge('kube_node_ping_rtt_max', 'maximum round-trip time',
['destination_node', 'destination_node_ip_address'],
registry=registry),
"mdev": prometheus_client.Gauge('kube_node_ping_rtt_mdev',
'mean deviation of round-trip times',
['destination_node', 'destination_node_ip_address'],
registry=registry)}
prom_metrics_external = {"sent": prometheus_client.Counter('external_ping_packets_sent_total',
'ICMP packets sent',
['destination_name', 'destination_host'],
registry=registry),
"received": prometheus_client.Counter('external_ping_packets_received_total',
'ICMP packets received',
['destination_name', 'destination_host'],
registry=registry),
"rtt": prometheus_client.Counter('external_ping_rtt_milliseconds_total',
'round-trip time',
['destination_name', 'destination_host'],
registry=registry),
"min": prometheus_client.Gauge('external_ping_rtt_min', 'minimum round-trip time',
['destination_name', 'destination_host'],
registry=registry),
"max": prometheus_client.Gauge('external_ping_rtt_max', 'maximum round-trip time',
['destination_name', 'destination_host'],
registry=registry),
"mdev": prometheus_client.Gauge('external_ping_rtt_mdev',
'mean deviation of round-trip times',
['destination_name', 'destination_host'],
registry=registry)}
def validate_envs():
envs = {"MY_NODE_NAME": os.getenv("MY_NODE_NAME"), "PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_DIR": os.getenv("PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_DIR"),
"PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_PREFIX": os.getenv("PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_PREFIX")}
for k, v in envs.items():
if not v:
raise ValueError("{} environment variable is empty".format(k))
return envs
@prometheus_exceptions_counter.count_exceptions()
def compute_results(results):
computed = {}
matches = FPING_REGEX.finditer(results)
for match in matches:
host = match.group(1)
ping_results = match.group(2)
if "duplicate" in ping_results:
continue
splitted = ping_results.split(" ")
if len(splitted) != 30:
raise ValueError("ping returned wrong number of results: \"{}\"".format(splitted))
positive_results = [float(x) for x in splitted if x != "-"]
if len(positive_results) > 0:
computed[host] = {"sent": 30, "received": len(positive_results),
"rtt": sum(positive_results),
"max": max(positive_results), "min": min(positive_results),
"mdev": statistics.pstdev(positive_results)}
else:
computed[host] = {"sent": 30, "received": len(positive_results), "rtt": 0,
"max": 0, "min": 0, "mdev": 0}
if not len(computed):
raise ValueError("regex match\"{}\" found nothing in fping output \"{}\"".format(FPING_REGEX, results))
return computed
@prometheus_exceptions_counter.count_exceptions()
def call_fping(ips):
cmdline = FPING_CMDLINE + ips
process = subprocess.run(cmdline, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT, universal_newlines=True)
if process.returncode == 3:
raise ValueError("invalid arguments: {}".format(cmdline))
if process.returncode == 4:
raise OSError("fping reported syscall error: {}".format(process.stderr))
return process.stdout
envs = validate_envs()
files = glob.glob(envs["PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_DIR"] + "*")
for f in files:
os.remove(f)
labeled_prom_metrics = {"cluster_targets": [], "external_targets": []}
while True:
with open(CONFIG_PATH, "r") as f:
config = json.loads(f.read())
config["external_targets"] = [] if config["external_targets"] is None else config["external_targets"]
for target in config["external_targets"]:
target["name"] = target["host"] if "name" not in target.keys() else target["name"]
if labeled_prom_metrics["cluster_targets"]:
for metric in labeled_prom_metrics["cluster_targets"]:
if (metric["node_name"], metric["ip"]) not in [(node["name"], node["ipAddress"]) for node in config['cluster_targets']]:
for k, v in prom_metrics_cluster.items():
v.remove(metric["node_name"], metric["ip"])
if labeled_prom_metrics["external_targets"]:
for metric in labeled_prom_metrics["external_targets"]:
if (metric["target_name"], metric["host"]) not in [(target["name"], target["host"]) for target in config['external_targets']]:
for k, v in prom_metrics_external.items():
v.remove(metric["target_name"], metric["host"])
labeled_prom_metrics = {"cluster_targets": [], "external_targets": []}
for node in config["cluster_targets"]:
metrics = {"node_name": node["name"], "ip": node["ipAddress"], "prom_metrics": {}}
for k, v in prom_metrics_cluster.items():
metrics["prom_metrics"][k] = v.labels(node["name"], node["ipAddress"])
labeled_prom_metrics["cluster_targets"].append(metrics)
for target in config["external_targets"]:
metrics = {"target_name": target["name"], "host": target["host"], "prom_metrics": {}}
for k, v in prom_metrics_external.items():
metrics["prom_metrics"][k] = v.labels(target["name"], target["host"])
labeled_prom_metrics["external_targets"].append(metrics)
out = call_fping([prom_metric["ip"] for prom_metric in labeled_prom_metrics["cluster_targets"]] + \
[prom_metric["host"] for prom_metric in labeled_prom_metrics["external_targets"]])
computed = compute_results(out)
for dimension in labeled_prom_metrics["cluster_targets"]:
result = computed[dimension["ip"]]
dimension["prom_metrics"]["sent"].inc(computed[dimension["ip"]]["sent"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["received"].inc(computed[dimension["ip"]]["received"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["rtt"].inc(computed[dimension["ip"]]["rtt"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["min"].set(computed[dimension["ip"]]["min"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["max"].set(computed[dimension["ip"]]["max"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["mdev"].set(computed[dimension["ip"]]["mdev"])
for dimension in labeled_prom_metrics["external_targets"]:
result = computed[dimension["host"]]
dimension["prom_metrics"]["sent"].inc(computed[dimension["host"]]["sent"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["received"].inc(computed[dimension["host"]]["received"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["rtt"].inc(computed[dimension["host"]]["rtt"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["min"].set(computed[dimension["host"]]["min"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["max"].set(computed[dimension["host"]]["max"])
dimension["prom_metrics"]["mdev"].set(computed[dimension["host"]]["mdev"])
prometheus_client.write_to_textfile(
envs["PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_DIR"] + envs["PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_PREFIX"] + envs["MY_NODE_NAME"] + ".prom", registry)
该脚本在每个Kubernetes节点上运行，并且每秒两次发送ICMP数据包到Kubernetes集群的所有实例。收集的结果会存储在文本文件中。
该脚本会包含在Docker镜像中：
FROM python:3.6-alpine3.8 COPY rootfs / WORKDIR /app RUN pip3 install --upgrade pip && pip3 install -r requirements.txt && apk add --no-cache fping ENTRYPOINT ["python3", "/app/ping-exporter.py"]
另外，我们还创建了一个ServiceAccount和一个具有唯一权限的对应角色用于获取节点列表(这样我们就可以知道它们的IP地址)：
apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: ping-exporter namespace: d8-system --- kind: ClusterRole apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: d8-system:ping-exporter rules: - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["nodes"] verbs: ["list"] --- kind: ClusterRoleBinding apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 metadata: name: d8-system:kube-ping-exporter subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: ping-exporter namespace: d8-system roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: d8-system:ping-exporter
最后，我们需要DaemonSet来运行在集群中的所有实例：
apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: DaemonSet metadata: name: ping-exporter namespace: d8-system spec: updateStrategy: type: RollingUpdate selector: matchLabels: name: ping-exporter template: metadata: labels: name: ping-exporter spec: terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0 tolerations: - operator: "Exists" hostNetwork: true serviceAccountName: ping-exporter priorityClassName: cluster-low containers: - image: private-registry.flant.com/ping-exporter/ping-exporter:v1 name: ping-exporter env: - name: MY_NODE_NAME valueFrom: fieldRef: fieldPath: spec.nodeName - name: PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_DIR value: /node-exporter-textfile/ - name: PROMETHEUS_TEXTFILE_PREFIX value: ping-exporter_ volumeMounts: - name: textfile mountPath: /node-exporter-textfile - name: config mountPath: /config volumes: - name: textfile hostPath: path: /var/run/node-exporter-textfile - name: config configMap: name: ping-exporter-config imagePullSecrets: - name: private-registry
该解决方案的最后操作细节是：
Python脚本执行时，其结果(即存储在主机上/var/run/node-exporter-textfile目录中的文本文件)将传递到DaemonSet类型的node-exporter。
node-exporter使用--collector.textfile.directory /host/textfile参数启动，这里的/host/textfile是hostPath目录/var/run/node-exporter-textfile。(你可以点击这里了解关于node-exporter中文本文件收集器的更多信息。)
最后node-exporter读取这些文件，然后Prometheus从node-exporter实例上收集所有数据。
那么结果如何?
现在该来享受期待已久的结果了。指标创建之后，我们可以使用它们，当然也可以对其进行可视化。以下可以看到它们是怎样的。
首先，有一个通用选择器可让我们在其中选择节点以检查其“源”和“目标”连接。你可以获得一个汇总表，用于在Grafana仪表板中指定的时间段内ping选定节点的结果：
以下是包含有关选定节点的组合统计信息的图形：
另外，我们有一个记录列表，其中每个记录都链接到在“源”节点中选择的每个特定节点的图：
如果将记录展开，你将看到从当前节点到目标节点中已选择的所有其他节点的详细ping统计信息：
下面是相关的图形：
节点之间的ping出现问题的图看起来如何?
如果你在现实生活中观察到类似情况，那就该进行故障排查了!
最后，这是我们对外部主机执行ping操作的可视化效果：
我们可以检查所有节点的总体视图，也可以仅检查任何特定节点的图形：
看完了这篇文章，相信你对“Kubernetes节点之间的ping监控怎么实现”有了一定的了解，如果想了解更多相关知识，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道，感谢各位的阅读！
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