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这篇文章主要介绍了Python中scrapy下载保存图片的方法的相关知识,内容详细易懂,操作简单快捷,具有一定借鉴价值,相信大家阅读完这篇Python中scrapy下载保存图片的方法文章都会有所收获,下面我们一起来看看吧。
在日常爬虫练习中,我们爬取到的数据需要进行保存操作,在scrapy中我们可以使用ImagesPipeline这个类来进行相关操作,这个类是scrapy已经封装好的了,我们直接拿来用即可。
在使用ImagesPipeline下载图片数据时,我们需要对其中的三个管道类方法进行重写,其中 ― get_media_request 是对图片地址发起请求
― file path 是返回图片名称
― item_completed 返回item,将其返回给下一个即将被执行的管道类
那具体代码是什么样的呢,首先我们需要在pipelines.py文件中,导入ImagesPipeline类,然后重写上述所说的3个方法:
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline import scrapy import os class ImgsPipLine(ImagesPipeline): def get_media_requests(self, item, info): yield scrapy.Request(url = item["img_src"],meta={"item":item}) #返回图片名称即可 def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None): item = request.meta["item"] print("########",item) filePath = item["img_name"] return filePath def item_completed(self, results, item, info): return item
方法定义好后,我们需要在settings.py配置文件中进行设置,一个是指定图片保存的位置IMAGES_STORE = "D:ImgPro",然后就是启用“ImgsPipLine”管道,
ITEM_PIPELINES = { "imgPro.pipelines.ImgsPipLine": 300, #300代表优先级,数字越小优先级越高 }
设置完成后,我们运行程序后就可以看到“D:ImgPro”下保存成功的图片。
完整代码如下:
spider文件代码:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import scrapy from imgPro.items import ImgproItem class ImgSpider(scrapy.Spider): name = "img" allowed_domains = ["www.521609.com"] start_urls = ["http://www.521609.com/daxuemeinv/"] def parse(self, response): #解析图片地址和图片名称 li_list = response.xpath("//div[@class="index_img list_center"]/ul/li") for li in li_list: item = ImgproItem() item["img_src"] = "http://www.521609.com/" + li.xpath("./a[1]/img/@src").extract_first() item["img_name"] = li.xpath("./a[1]/img/@alt").extract_first() + ".jpg" # print("***********") # print(item) yield item
items.py文件
import scrapy class ImgproItem(scrapy.Item): # define the fields for your item here like: # name = scrapy.Field() img_src = scrapy.Field() img_name = scrapy.Field()
pipelines.py文件
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline import scrapy import os from imgPro.settings import IMAGES_STORE as IMGS class ImgsPipLine(ImagesPipeline): def get_media_requests(self, item, info): yield scrapy.Request(url = item["img_src"],meta={"item":item}) #返回图片名称即可 def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None): item = request.meta["item"] print("########",item) filePath = item["img_name"] return filePath def item_completed(self, results, item, info): return item
settings.py文件
import random BOT_NAME = "imgPro" SPIDER_MODULES = ["imgPro.spiders"] NEWSPIDER_MODULE = "imgPro.spiders" IMAGES_STORE = "D:ImgPro" #文件保存路径 LOG_LEVEL = "WARNING" ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False #设置user-agent USER_AGENTS_LIST = [ "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1207.1 Safari/537.1", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; CrOS i686 2268.111.0) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.57 Safari/536.11", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1092.0 Safari/536.6", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.6 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1090.0 Safari/536.6", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.77.34.5 Safari/537.1", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.9 Safari/536.5", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.0) AppleWebKit/536.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1084.36 Safari/536.5", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_8_0) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1063.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1062.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.1 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2) AppleWebKit/536.3 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1061.0 Safari/536.3", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.24 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1055.1 Safari/535.24" ] USER_AGENT = random.choice(USER_AGENTS_LIST) DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = { "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8", "Accept-Language": "en", # "User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36", "User-Agent":USER_AGENT } #启动pipeline管道 ITEM_PIPELINES = { "imgPro.pipelines.ImgsPipLine": 300, }
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