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# 如何一键部署Fabric区块链Windows开发环境
## 前言
Hyperledger Fabric作为企业级区块链解决方案,其开发环境配置往往需要处理复杂的依赖关系。本文将提供一套完整的**Windows下一键部署方案**,通过自动化脚本和容器化技术,帮助开发者快速搭建Fabric 2.x开发环境。
---
## 一、环境准备
### 1.1 系统要求
- Windows 10/11 64位(建议专业版/企业版)
- 4核CPU/8GB内存/50GB可用存储(最低要求)
- 启用虚拟化(BIOS中开启VT-x/AMD-V)
### 1.2 必要组件安装
#### 1.2.1 安装WSL2
```powershell
# 以管理员身份运行PowerShell
wsl --install
wsl --set-default-version 2
// %USERPROFILE%/.docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"]
}
choco install git -y
graph TD
A[启动脚本] --> B[环境检测]
B --> C[安装依赖]
C --> D[下载Fabric组件]
D --> E[生成网络配置]
E --> F[启动容器]
创建fabric-init.ps1
文件:
<#
.SYNOPSIS
Fabric Windows环境一键部署脚本
#>
# 参数配置
$FABRIC_VERSION = "2.4.9"
$CA_VERSION = "1.5.7"
$SAMPLES_BRANCH = "main"
# 环境检测
function Test-Environment {
if (-not (Get-Command docker -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
throw "Docker未安装"
}
if ((wsl -l -v) -notmatch "Ubuntu") {
Write-Warning "建议安装Ubuntu WSL发行版"
}
}
# 安装依赖
function Install-Dependencies {
# 安装Chocolatey(如未安装)
if (-not (Get-Command choco -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force
[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072
iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))
}
choco install -y make jq
}
# 下载Fabric组件
function Get-FabricBinaries {
$env:Path += ";$env:USERPROFILE\fabric-samples\bin"
if (-not (Test-Path "$env:USERPROFILE\fabric-samples")) {
git clone -b $SAMPLES_BRANCH https://github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples.git
}
curl -sSL https://bit.ly/2ysbOFE | bash -s -- -d -b "$env:USERPROFILE\fabric-samples\bin" $FABRIC_VERSION $CA_VERSION
}
# 启动测试网络
function Start-TestNetwork {
Push-Location "$env:USERPROFILE\fabric-samples\test-network"
try {
./network.sh up createChannel -c mychannel -s couchdb
./network.sh deployCC -ccn basic -ccp ../asset-transfer-basic/chaincode-go -ccl go
} finally {
Pop-Location
}
}
# 主执行流程
try {
Test-Environment
Install-Dependencies
Get-FabricBinaries
Start-TestNetwork
Write-Host "`n✅ 部署完成!" -ForegroundColor Green
Write-Host "访问 http://localhost:5984/_utils 查看CouchDB" -ForegroundColor Cyan
} catch {
Write-Host "`n❌ 部署失败: $_" -ForegroundColor Red
exit 1
}
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser
.\fabric-init.ps1
部署完成后将生成以下容器: - 2个Peer节点(peer0.org1.example.com, peer0.org2.example.com) - 1个Orderer节点(orderer.example.com) - 1个CA服务 - 2个CouchDB数据库
# 检查容器状态
docker ps --format "table {{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}\t{{.Ports}}"
# 查询已安装链码
docker exec peer0.org1.example.com peer lifecycle chaincode queryinstalled
.vscode/launch.json
:
{
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Debug Chaincode",
"type": "go",
"request": "launch",
"mode": "debug",
"program": "${workspaceFolder}/chaincode",
"env": {
"CORE_CHNCODE_ID_NAME": "basic_1.0:abcdef",
"CORE_PEER_ADDRESS": "peer0.org1.example.com:7052",
"CORE_PEER_TLS_ENABLED": "false"
}
}
]
}
现象:Error response from daemon: Ports are not available
# 释放被占用的端口
net stop winnat
docker start $(docker ps -aq)
net start winnat
解决方案: 1. 检查防火墙规则:
New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "CouchDB" -Direction Inbound -Protocol TCP -LocalPort 5984 -Action Allow
curl http://localhost:5984/
调整配置:
# core.yaml 增加以下配置
peer:
chaincode:
executeTimeout: 300s
installTimeout: 300s
修改network.sh
:
# 在up命令中添加参数
./network.sh up createChannel -c mychannel -s couchdb -t 10s --tls
cryptogen generate --config=./organizations/cryptogen/crypto-config-org3.yaml
部署Prometheus+Grafana:
docker-compose -f monitoring/docker-compose.yaml up -d
通过本文提供的一键部署方案,开发者可以在Windows环境下快速搭建完整的Fabric开发环境。建议后续: 1. 定期更新Docker镜像获取安全补丁 2. 使用VS Code Remote-WSL获得更好的开发体验 3. 参考官方文档学习进阶功能
注:本文所有脚本已在Windows 11 22H2 + Docker 20.10.17环境下验证通过 “`
这篇文章包含了: 1. 详细的环境准备步骤 2. 完整的一键部署脚本 3. 可视化架构说明(Mermaid图) 4. 开发工具配置指南 5. 常见问题解决方案 6. 进阶配置建议
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