kafka生产实例安装

发布时间：2020-07-14 21:07:43 作者：马吉辉
来源：网络阅读：1632

2019/3/14 星期四

Linux 初始化脚本（centos6 centos7 通用）Linux 初始化脚本（centos6 centos7 通用）
zookeeper生产环境搭建 zookeeper生产环境搭建

在安装前请务必安装好zookeeper 查看上面2个链接地址！

kafka优化：
有时候系统需要应对突如其来的高峰数据，它可能会拖慢磁盘。（比如说，每个小时开始时进行的批量操作等）
这个时候需要容许更多的脏数据存到内存，让后台进程慢慢地通过异步方式将数据写到磁盘当中。

vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 80

这个时候，后台进行在脏数据达到5%时就开始异步清理，但在80%之前系统不会强制同步写磁盘。这样可以使IO变得更加平滑。
实际操作：
echo "vm.dirty_background_ratio=5" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
echo "vm.dirty_ratio=80" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p

kafka 生产环境搭建

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# cd /opt/ins/
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ins]# ll
total 233044
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 166044032 Mar 13 15:58 jdk-8u102-linux-x64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  50326212 Mar 13 16:14 kafka_2.12-1.1.0.tgz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  22261552 Mar 13 16:14 zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ins]# tar -zxvf kafka_2.12-1.1.0.tgz -C /usr/local/
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ins]# cd /usr/local/
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 local]# ln -s kafka_2.12-1.1.0/ kafka
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 local]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 games
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 include
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   17 Mar 14 09:51 kafka -> kafka_2.12-1.1.0/
drwxr-xr-x   6 root root   83 Mar 24  2018 kafka_2.12-1.1.0
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Apr 11  2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root   46 Apr 11  2018 share
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root    6 Nov 12 13:03 src
lrwxrwxrwx   1 root root   15 Mar 13 18:20 zookeeper -> zookeeper-3.4.8
drwxr-xr-x  11 root root 4096 Mar 13 18:22 zookeeper-3.4.8

修改配置文件
我们不会对 zookeeper.properties producer.properties consumer.properties 做什么特殊的配置
我们只对server.properties 做修改配置

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# pwd
/usr/local/kafka/config
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# ll
total 64
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  906 Mar 24  2018 connect-console-sink.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  909 Mar 24  2018 connect-console-source.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5807 Mar 24  2018 connect-distributed.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  883 Mar 24  2018 connect-file-sink.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  881 Mar 24  2018 connect-file-source.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1111 Mar 24  2018 connect-log4j.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2730 Mar 24  2018 connect-standalone.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1221 Mar 24  2018 consumer.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4727 Mar 24  2018 log4j.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1919 Mar 24  2018 producer.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6851 Mar 24  2018 server.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1032 Mar 24  2018 tools-log4j.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1023 Mar 24  2018 zookeeper.properties
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# ls -l server.properties 
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6851 Mar 24  2018 server.properties
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# vim server.properties
...
...
...

如下
config下的 server.properties
broker.id=10 --这个id如果部署的是kafka集群，id是不能一样的
port=9092 --默认kafka端口，如果一台机器上面部署了多个kafka实例，需要两个实例端口不一样
log.dirs=/var/log/kafka/kafka-logs 这个需要修改，这个是存topic相关信息
zookeeper.connect=10.2.10.174:2181,10.2.10.175:2181,10.2.10.176:2181/kafkagroup

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# grep '^[a-Z]' server.properties    
broker.id=174                             //每个实例都不一样
num.network.threads=3
num.io.threads=8
socket.send.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.receive.buffer.bytes=102400
socket.request.max.bytes=104857600
log.dirs=/var/log/kafka/kafka-logs
num.partitions=1                         //默认的每个topic的分区 为1
num.recovery.threads.per.data.dir=1
offsets.topic.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.replication.factor=1
transaction.state.log.min.isr=1
log.retention.hours=168
log.segment.bytes=1073741824
log.retention.check.interval.ms=300000
zookeeper.connect=10.2.10.174:2181,10.2.10.175:2181,10.2.10.176:2181/kafkagroup
zookeeper.connection.timeout.ms=6000
group.initial.rebalance.delay.ms=0

注意：
kafka实现功能需要zookeeper调度，所以这是与zk单机或者集群的连接，上面是与集群连接的方式，也可以去掉/kafkagroup,但是zk的znode结构就会比较混乱，所以建议加一个路径
这样在zk的znode下就会出现 kafkagroup

其他2台的server.properties 配置文件中的 broker.id=改成 175 176
其他的不变
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# scp server.properties root@10.2.10.175:/usr/local/kafka/config/
server.properties 100% 6911 2.5MB/s 00:00
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 config]# scp server.properties root@10.2.10.176:/usr/local/kafka/config/
server.properties 100% 6911 2.8MB/s 00:0

修改kafka启动脚本（调节启动内存占用大小
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# vim /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh
if [ "x$KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS" = "x" ]; then
export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx1G -Xms1G"
fi

改成
我们的内存是8G 这里我们这样改
export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx4G -Xms1G"
最大4G 初始 1G
内存为4G 就改成
export KAFKA_HEAP_OPTS="-Xmx2G -Xms1G"

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# scp kafka-server-start.sh root@10.2.10.175:/usr/local/kafka/bin/
kafka-server-start.sh                                                        100% 1376     1.5MB/s   00:00    
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# scp kafka-server-start.sh root@10.2.10.176:/usr/local/kafka/bin/
kafka-server-start.sh                                                        100% 1376     1.2MB/s   00:00

4、启动kafka //后台启动再启动之前，我们先设置环境变量

kafka生产实例安装

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/kafka/bin:/usr/local/zookeeper/bin:$PATH
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# source /etc/profile
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# which kafka-server-start.sh 
/usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# which zkServer.sh
/usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh

其他2台同上

后台启动kafka

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 bin]# cd ~
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# nohup kafka-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties 1>/dev/null 2>&1 &
[1] 26314
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# jps
14290 QuorumPeerMain
26643 Jps
26314 Kafka
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# ps -ef|grep kafka
root     26314 24915 35 10:12 pts/0    00:00:11 java -Xmx2G -Xms1G -server

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# sh zkCli.sh
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] ls /
[kafkagroup, zookeeper]
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] ls /kafkagroup
[cluster, controller, controller_epoch, brokers, admin, isr_change_notification, consumers, log_dir_event_notification, latest_producer_id_block, config]

以上安装成功

我们接下来就是测试kafka

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --create --topic majihui --partitions 2 --replication-factor 2
Created topic "majihui".
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --describe --topic majihui    
Topic:majihui   PartitionCount:2        ReplicationFactor:2     Configs:
        Topic: majihui  Partition: 0    Leader: 174     Replicas: 174,175       Isr: 174,175
        Topic: majihui  Partition: 1    Leader: 175     Replicas: 175,176       Isr: 175,176

[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174 --list  
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --list
__consumer_offsets
majihui

启动生产者
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-console-producer.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174:2181 --topic majihui           
zookeeper is not a recognized option
这个命令不对，命令改了
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list 10.2.10.174:9092 --topic majihui
>hello

启动消费者
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server 10.2.10.174:9092 --topic majihui    
hello

删除topic majihui
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --delete --topic majihui
Topic majihui is marked for deletion.
Note: This will have no impact if delete.topic.enable is not set to true.
[root@emm-kafka02-10--175 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --list
__consumer_offsets

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --delete --topic __consumer_offsets
Error while executing topic command : Topic __consumer_offsets is a kafka internal topic and is not allowed to be marked for deletion.
//执行主题命令时出错：主题__consumer_offsets是kafka内部主题，不允许标记为删除。
[2019-03-14 11:24:17,407] ERROR kafka.admin.AdminOperationException: Topic __consumer_offsets is a kafka internal topic and is not allowed to be marked for deletion.
        at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.$anonfun$deleteTopic$1(TopicCommand.scala:188)
        at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.$anonfun$deleteTopic$1$adapted(TopicCommand.scala:185)
        at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray.foreach(ResizableArray.scala:59)
        at scala.collection.mutable.ResizableArray.foreach$(ResizableArray.scala:52)
        at scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer.foreach(ArrayBuffer.scala:48)
        at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.deleteTopic(TopicCommand.scala:185)
        at kafka.admin.TopicCommand$.main(TopicCommand.scala:71)
        at kafka.admin.TopicCommand.main(TopicCommand.scala)
 (kafka.admin.TopicCommand$)
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# kafka-topics.sh --zookeeper 10.2.10.174/kafkagroup --list
__consumer_offsets

由于版本的升级，以前的命令不可以用了
这里注意一下。

kafka优化：

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# echo "vm.swappiness=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# echo "vm.dirty_background_ratio=5" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# echo "vm.dirty_ratio=80" >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# sysctl -p
vm.swappiness = 1
vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 80
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# sysctl -p
vm.swappiness = 1
vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5
vm.dirty_ratio = 80
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# scp /etc/sysctl.conf root@10.2.10.175:/etc/sysctl.conf  
sysctl.conf                                                                  100%  511   529.6KB/s   00:00    
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 ~]# scp /etc/sysctl.conf root@10.2.10.176:/etc/sysctl.conf  
sysctl.conf                                                                  100%  511   497.6KB/s   00:00

kafka启动脚本

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# pwd
/opt/scripts
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# ll
total 16
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6704 Mar 13 15:10 initialization.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  122 May 10 11:05 kafkastart.sh
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   88 May 10 10:26 zkstart.sh
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# cat kafkastart.sh 
#!/bin/bash
source /etc/profile

nohup /usr/local/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties 1>/dev/null 2>&1 &

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# scp kafkastart.sh root@10.2.10.175:/opt/scripts/
kafkastart.sh                                                                  100%  122    70.8KB/s   00:00    
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# scp kafkastart.sh root@10.2.10.176:/opt/scripts/
kafkastart.sh                                                                  100%  122    61.6KB/s   00:00  
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# sh kafkastart.sh
[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# jps
11185 Jps
7974 QuorumPeerMain
10856 Kafka

[root@emm-kafka01-10--174 scripts]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1379/master         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1110/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1379/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::39549                :::*                    LISTEN      10856/java          
tcp6       0      0 :::9092                 :::*                    LISTEN      10856/java          
tcp6       0      0 :::2181                 :::*                    LISTEN      7974/java           
tcp6       0      0 10.2.10.174:3888        :::*                    LISTEN      7974/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::33264                :::*                    LISTEN      7974/java           
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1110/sshd

添加到开机自启动

[root@emm-kafka03-10--176 scripts]# echo "/usr/bin/sh /opt/scripts/kafkastart.sh" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@emm-kafka03-10--176 scripts]# cat /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local
ulimit -SHn 65535
echo 'never' >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled
echo 'never' >/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag
/usr/bin/sh /opt/scripts/zkstart.sh
/usr/bin/sh /opt/scripts/kafkastart.sh

[root@emm-kafka03-10--176 scripts]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

kafka优化参考链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/yinzhengjie/p/9994207.html

kafka生产实例安装

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