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本篇文章为大家展示了如何解决Controller层返回值的公共包装类的问题，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
场景：在微服务中，一般返回数据都会有个返回码、返回信息和返回消息体，但是每次返回时候调用或者是封装，太过麻烦，有没有什么办法不用每次都封装呢？
答案是有的。
返回值对象 ResponseData
package com.study.auth.comm;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;
import java.io.Serializable;
/**
* @Package: com.study.auth.comm
* @Description: <返回数据>
* @Author: MILLA
* @CreateDate: 2018/4/8 9:10
* @UpdateUser: MILLA
* @UpdateDate: 2018/4/8 9:10
* @Version: 1.0
*/
public final class ResponseData<T> implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 7824278330465676943L;
private static final String SUCCESS_CODE = "1000";
private static final String SUCCESS_MSG = "success";
/**
* 响应编码
*/
@JSONField(serialzeFeatures = {SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue}, ordinal = 1)
private String code;
/**
* 响应提示
*/
@JSONField(serialzeFeatures = {SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue}, ordinal = 2)
private String msg;
/**
* 返回的数据
*/
@JSONField(serialzeFeatures = {SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue}, ordinal = 10)
private T data;
public static ResponseData success() {
return initData(SUCCESS_CODE, SUCCESS_MSG, null);
}
public static ResponseData error(String code) {
String msg = PropertiesReaderUtil.getProperty(code, null);
return initData(code, msg, null);
}
public static ResponseData error(String code, String msg) {
return initData(code, msg, null);
}
public static <T> ResponseData success(T t) {
return initData(SUCCESS_CODE, SUCCESS_MSG, t);
}
public static <T> ResponseData errorData(String code, T data) {
String msg = PropertiesReaderUtil.getProperty(code, null);
return initData(code, msg, data);
}
public static <T> ResponseData errorData(String code, String msg, T data) {
return initData(code, msg, data);
}
private static <T> ResponseData initData(String code, String msg, T t) {
ResponseData data = new ResponseData(SUCCESS_CODE);
if (!isBlank(msg)) {
data.setMsg(msg);
}
if (!isBlank(code)) {
data.setCode(code);
}
if (t != null) {
data.setData(t);
}
return data;
}
private static boolean isBlank(CharSequence cs) {
int strLen;
if (cs != null && (strLen = cs.length()) != 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < strLen; ++i) {
if (!Character.isWhitespace(cs.charAt(i))) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
} else {
return true;
}
}
public ResponseData() {
}
public ResponseData(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(String code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return JSON.toJSONString(this);
}
}
如上图的包装，还是太繁琐了。
装饰者模式使用-增强类InitializingAdviceDecorator通过实现InitializingBean和装饰者模式对Controller层的返回值进行包装，大致思路：
通过RequestMappingHandlerAdapter获取所有的返回值处理对象HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler创建一个新的集合存储上一步获取的集合（因为上一步的结果是unmodifiableList类型的）遍历该集合找到HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler对象，将这个位置的handler替换程自定义的handler将新获到的集合重新设置到RequestMappingHandlerAdapter的setReturnValueHandlers方法中
package com.study.auth.config;
import com.study.auth.comm.ResponseData;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.MethodParameter;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.NativeWebRequest;
import org.springframework.web.method.support.HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler;
import org.springframework.web.method.support.ModelAndViewContainer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @Package: com.study.auth.config.core
* @Description: <增强controller层返回值>
* @Author: milla
* @CreateDate: 2020/09/04 14:42
* @UpdateUser: milla
* @UpdateDate: 2020/09/04 14:42
* @UpdateRemark: <>
* @Version: 1.0
*/
@Configuration
public class InitializingAdviceDecorator implements InitializingBean {
@Autowired
private RequestMappingHandlerAdapter adapter;
@Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() {
//获取所有的handler对象
List<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler> returnValueHandlers = adapter.getReturnValueHandlers();
//因为上面返回的是unmodifiableList，所以需要新建list处理
List<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler> handlers = new ArrayList(returnValueHandlers);
this.decorateHandlers(handlers);
//将增强的返回值回写回去
adapter.setReturnValueHandlers(handlers);
}
/**
* 使用自定义的返回值控制类
*
* @param handlers
*/
private void decorateHandlers(List<HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler> handlers) {
for (HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler handler : handlers) {
if (handler instanceof RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor) {
//找到返回值的handler并将起包装成自定义的handler
ControllerReturnValueHandler decorator = new ControllerReturnValueHandler((RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor) handler);
int index = handlers.indexOf(handler);
handlers.set(index, decorator);
break;
}
}
}
/**
* 自定义返回值的Handler
* 采用装饰者模式
*/
private class ControllerReturnValueHandler implements HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler {
//持有一个被装饰者对象
private HandlerMethodReturnValueHandler handler;
ControllerReturnValueHandler(RequestResponseBodyMethodProcessor handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}
@Override
public boolean supportsReturnType(MethodParameter returnType) {
return true;
}
/**
* 增强被装饰者的功能
*
* @param returnValue 返回值
* @param returnType 返回类型
* @param mavContainer view
* @param webRequest 请求对象
* @throws Exception 抛出异常
*/
@Override
public void handleReturnValue(Object returnValue, MethodParameter returnType, ModelAndViewContainer mavContainer, NativeWebRequest webRequest) throws Exception {
//如果已经封装了结构体就直接放行
if (returnValue instanceof ResponseData) {
handler.handleReturnValue(returnValue, returnType, mavContainer, webRequest);
return;
}
//正常返回success
ResponseData success = ResponseData.success(returnValue);
handler.handleReturnValue(success, returnType, mavContainer, webRequest);
}
}
}配置文件读取类PropertiesReaderUtil
package com.study.auth.comm;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* @Package: com.milla.navicat.comm
* @Description: <读取配置properties工具类>
* @Author: MILLA
* @CreateDate: 2018/8/10 10:30
* @UpdateUser: MILLA
* @UpdateDate: 2018/8/10 10:30
* @UpdateRemark: <>
* @Version: 1.0
*/
public final class PropertiesReaderUtil {
private static final String ENCODING = "UTF-8";
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PropertiesReaderUtil.class);
private static Properties propsZH;
private static Properties propsCN;
private static String name = null;
static {
//加载英文
//loadProps(false);
//加载中文
loadProps(true);
}
/**
* 第一种，通过类加载器进行获取properties文件流
* 第二种，通过类进行获取properties文件流
* in = PropertyUtil.class.getResourceAsStream("/properties/message_ZH.properties");
* in = PropertiesReaderUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("properties/message_ZH.properties");
*/
synchronized static private void loadProps(boolean isZh) {
logger.debug("start loading properties");
InputStream in = null;
if (isZh) {
propsZH = new Properties();
name = "properties/message_ZH.properties";
in = PropertiesReaderUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(name);
} else {
propsCN = new Properties();
name = "properties/message_EN.properties";
in = PropertiesReaderUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(name);
}
try {
if (isZh) {
propsZH.load(new InputStreamReader(in, ENCODING));
} else {
propsCN.load(new InputStreamReader(in, ENCODING));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.debug("loading properties error :{}", e);
} finally {
try {
if (null != in) {
in.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.debug("closing properties io error :{}", e);
}
}
}
public static String getProperty(String key) {
return getPropertyZH(key);
}
public static String getProperty(String key, String defaultValue) {
return getPropertyZH(key, defaultValue);
}
public static String getPropertyZH(String key) {
if (null == propsZH) {
loadProps(true);
}
return propsZH.getProperty(key);
}
public static String getPropertyZH(String key, String defaultValue) {
if (null == propsZH) {
loadProps(true);
}
return propsZH.getProperty(key, defaultValue);
}
public static String getPropertyCN(String key) {
if (null == propsCN) {
loadProps(false);
}
return propsCN.getProperty(key);
}
public static String getPropertyCN(String key, String defaultValue) {
if (null == propsCN) {
loadProps(false);
}
return propsCN.getProperty(key, defaultValue);
}
}配置文件message_ZH.properties路径为：properties/message_ZH.properties
也可添加国家化英文或者是其他语言配置
1001=用户未登录
#====非业务返回码=========
1100=服务器内部错误
1101=空指针异常
1102=数据类型转换异常
1103=IO异常
1104=该方法找不到异常
1105=数组越界异常
1106=请求体缺失异常
1107=类型匹配异常
1108=请求参数缺失异常
1109=请求方法不支持异常
1110=请求头类型不支持异常
1111=参数解析异常
1112=必要参数不能为空
#=======================
统一异常捕捉类RestfulExceptionHandler此时，基本能保证增强Controller层的返回值了，如果有需要的话，可能通过@RestControllerAdvice注解，针对抛出的异常使用返回值对象进行包装
package com.study.auth.exception;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONException;
import com.study.auth.comm.PropertiesReaderUtil;
import com.study.auth.comm.ResponseData;
import com.study.auth.constant.CommonConstant;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.TypeMismatchException;
import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonParseException;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException;
import org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MissingServletRequestParameterException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import javax.security.auth.login.AccountException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
/**
* @Package: com.study.auth.exception
* @Description: <所有异常拦截类>
* @Author: milla
* @CreateDate: 2020/09/04 15:35
* @UpdateUser: milla
* @UpdateDate: 2020/09/04 15:35
* @UpdateRemark: <>
* @Version: 1.0
*/
@Slf4j
@RestControllerAdvice
public class RestfulExceptionHandler {
private ResponseData responseData(String code, Exception e) {
log.error("异常代码:{},异常描述:{},异常堆栈:", code, PropertiesReaderUtil.getProperty(code), e);
return ResponseData.error(code);
}
private ResponseData<String> responseData(String code, String message, Exception e) {
log.error("异常代码:{},异常描述:{},异常堆栈:", code, message, e);
return ResponseData.error(code, message);
}
/**
* 运行时异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public ResponseData runtimeExceptionHandler(Exception e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_RUN_TIME_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 处理SQLSyntaxErrorException
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(SQLException.class)
public ResponseData<String> sqlException(SQLException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_RUN_TIME_EXCEPTION, e.getMessage(), e);
}
/**
* 处理CustomerMessageException
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(CustomMessageException.class)
public ResponseData<String> customerMessageException(CustomMessageException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_RUN_TIME_EXCEPTION, e.getMessage(), e);
}
/**
* 处理AccountException
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(AccountException.class)
public ResponseData<String> accountException(AccountException e) {
return responseData(e.getMessage(), e);
}
//---------------------------------------jdk/spring自带的异常----------------------------------
/**
* 处理IllegalArgumentException
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class)
public ResponseData<String> illegalArgumentException(IllegalArgumentException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_RUN_TIME_EXCEPTION, e.getMessage(), e);
}
/**
* 空指针异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ResponseStatus
@ExceptionHandler(NullPointerException.class)
public ResponseData nullPointerExceptionHandler(NullPointerException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_NULL_POINTER_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 类型转换异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(ClassCastException.class)
public ResponseData classCastExceptionHandler(ClassCastException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_CLASS_CAST_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* IO异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(IOException.class)
public ResponseData iOExceptionHandler(IOException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_IO_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 未知方法异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(NoSuchMethodException.class)
public ResponseData noSuchMethodExceptionHandler(NoSuchMethodException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_NO_SUCH_METHOD_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 数组越界异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)
public ResponseData indexOutOfBoundsExceptionHandler(IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 请求body缺失异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler({HttpMessageNotReadableException.class})
public ResponseData requestNotReadable(HttpMessageNotReadableException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_HTTP_MESSAGE_NOT_READABLE_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 类型匹配异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler({TypeMismatchException.class})
public ResponseData requestTypeMismatch(TypeMismatchException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_HTTP_MESSAGE_NOT_READABLE_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 方法不支持异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler({HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException.class})
public ResponseData methodNotSupported(HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_HTTP_REQUEST_METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 请求头不支持异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler({HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException.class})
public ResponseData mediaTypeNotAcceptable(HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_HTTP_MEDIA_TYPE_NOT_ACCEPTABLE_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 参数解析异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(JSONException.class)
public ResponseData runtimeExceptionHandler(JSONException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.PARAMS_PARSE_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 参数解析异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(JsonParseException.class)
public ResponseData runtimeExceptionHandler(JsonParseException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.PARAMS_PARSE_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 请求参数缺失异常
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler({MissingServletRequestParameterException.class})
public ResponseData requestMissingServletRequest(MissingServletRequestParameterException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.EX_MISSING_SERVLET_REQUEST_PARAMETER_EXCEPTION, e);
}
/**
* 参数不能为空
*
* @param e 异常
* @return
*/
@ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
public ResponseData exceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
return responseData(CommonConstant.PARAMS_IS_NULL, e);
}
}常量类 CommonConstant
package com.study.auth.constant;
/**
* @Package: com.study.auth.constant
* @Description: <公共常量类>
* @Author: milla
* @CreateDate: 2020/09/04 15:37
* @UpdateUser: milla
* @UpdateDate: 2020/09/04 15:37
* @UpdateRemark: <>
* @Version: 1.0
*/
public final class CommonConstant {
/**
* 当前用户名称
*/
public static final String C_CURRENT_ACCOUNT = "current_account";
/**
* 用户未登录
*/
public static final String EX_NO_TOKEN_EXCEPTION = "1001";
//--------------------------------非业务返回码---------------------------------------
/**
* 运行时异常
*/
public static final String EX_RUN_TIME_EXCEPTION = "1100";
/**
* 空指针异常
*/
public static final String EX_NULL_POINTER_EXCEPTION = "1101";
/**
* 数据转换异常
*/
public static final String EX_CLASS_CAST_EXCEPTION = "1102";
/**
* IO异常
*/
public static final String EX_IO_EXCEPTION = "1103";
/**
* 找不到该方法异常
*/
public static final String EX_NO_SUCH_METHOD_EXCEPTION = "1104";
/**
* 数组越界异常
*/
public static final String EX_INDEX_OUT_OF_BOUNDS_EXCEPTION = "1105";
/**
* 请求体缺失异常
*/
public static final String EX_HTTP_MESSAGE_NOT_READABLE_EXCEPTION = "1106";
/**
* TYPE匹配异常
*/
public static final String EX_TYPE_MISMATCH_EXCEPTION = "1107";
/**
* 请求参数丢失
*/
public static final String EX_MISSING_SERVLET_REQUEST_PARAMETER_EXCEPTION = "1108";
/**
* 请求方法类型不支持异常
*/
public static final String EX_HTTP_REQUEST_METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED_EXCEPTION = "1109";
/**
* MEDIA 类型不支持异常
*/
public static final String EX_HTTP_MEDIA_TYPE_NOT_ACCEPTABLE_EXCEPTION = "1110";
/**
* 参数解析异常
*/
public static final String PARAMS_PARSE_EXCEPTION = "1111";
/**
* 参数不能为空
*/
public static final String PARAMS_IS_NULL = "1112";
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
}自定义异常类 CustomMessageException
package com.study.auth.exception;
/**
* @Package: com.study.auth.exception
* @Description: <自定义异常类>
* @Author: MILLA
* @CreateDate: 2019/8/15 18:39
* @UpdateUser: MILLA
* @UpdateDate: 2019/8/15 18:39
* @UpdateRemark: <>
* @Version: 1.0
*/
public class CustomMessageException extends RuntimeException {
public CustomMessageException() {
super();
}
public CustomMessageException(String message) {
super(message);
}
public CustomMessageException(String message, Throwable cause) {
super(message, cause);
}
public CustomMessageException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
}
protected CustomMessageException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {
super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
}
}所需依赖因为使用了阿里的fastJson工具类还需要进入该类的依赖
<dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.58</version> </dependency>
至此，可以愉快的使用该返回值的增强类了，在为服务中，还以将该代码重构到comm中，供多个服务共同使用，避免重复早轮子
上述内容就是如何解决Controller层返回值的公共包装类的问题，你们学到知识或技能了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或者丰富自己的知识储备，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道。
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