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本篇内容主要讲解“怎么在LXD容器中运行Ubuntu Core”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“怎么在LXD容器中运行Ubuntu Core”吧!
LXD 就是一个提供了 REST API 的 LXC 容器管理器,LXD 最主要的目标就是使用 Linux 容器而不是硬件虚拟化向用户提供一种接近虚拟机的使用体验。
就 LXD 而言,Ubuntu Core 仅仅相当于另一个 Linux 发行版。也就是说,snapd 需要挂载无特权的 FUSE 和 AppArmor 命名空间以及软件栈,像下面这样:
当前 Ubuntu Core 镜像发布在社区的镜像服务器。你可以像这样启动一个新的容器:
stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc launch images:ubuntu-core/16 ubuntu-core Creating ubuntu-core Starting ubuntu-core
这个容器启动需要一点点时间,它会先执行第一阶段的加载程序,加载程序会确定使用哪一个镜像(镜像是只读的),并且在系统上设置一个可读层,你不要在这一阶段中断容器执行,这个时候什么都没有,所以执行lxc exec 将会出错。
几秒钟之后,执行 lxc list 将会展示容器的 IP 地址,这表明已经启动了 Ubuntu Core:
stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc list +-------------+---------+----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+ | NAME | STATE | IPV4 | IPV6 | TYPE | SNAPSHOTS | +-------------+---------+----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+ | ubuntu-core | RUNNING | 10.90.151.104 (eth0) | 2001:470:b368:b2b5:216:3eff:fee1:296f (eth0) | PERSISTENT | 0 | +-------------+---------+----------------------+----------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
之后你就可以像使用其他的交互一样和这个容器进行交互:
stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc exec ubuntu-core bash root@ubuntu-core:~# snap listName Version Rev Developer Notes core 16.04.1 394 canonical - pc 16.04-0.8 9 canonical - pc-kernel 4.4.0-45-4 37 canonical - root@ubuntu-core:~#
如果你一直关注着 Ubuntu Core 的开发,你应该知道上面的版本已经很老了。这是因为被用作 Ubuntu LXD 镜像的代码每隔几个月才会更新。Ubuntu Core 系统在重启时会检查更新并进行自动更新(更新失败会回退)。
如果你想现在强制更新,你可以这样做:
stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc exec ubuntu-core bash root@ubuntu-core:~# snap refreshpc-kernel (stable) 4.4.0-53-1 from 'canonical' upgraded core (stable) 16.04.1 from 'canonical' upgraded root@ubuntu-core:~# snap versionsnap 2.17 snapd 2.17 series 16 root@ubuntu-core:~#然后重启一下 Ubuntu Core 系统,然后看看 snapd 的版本。 root@ubuntu-core:~# rebootroot@ubuntu-core:~#stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc exec ubuntu-core bash root@ubuntu-core:~# snap versionsnap 2.21 snapd 2.21 series 16 root@ubuntu-core:~#
你也可以像下面这样查看所有 snapd 的历史记录:
stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc exec ubuntu-core snap changes ID Status Spawn Ready Summary 1 Done 2017-01-31T05:14:38Z 2017-01-31T05:14:44Z Initialize system state 2 Done 2017-01-31T05:14:40Z 2017-01-31T05:14:45Z Initialize device 3 Done 2017-01-31T05:21:30Z 2017-01-31T05:22:45Z Refresh all snaps in the system
以一个最简单的例子开始,经典的 Hello World:
stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc exec ubuntu-core bash root@ubuntu-core:~# snap install hello-worldhello-world 6.3 from 'canonical' installed root@ubuntu-core:~# hello-worldHello World!
接下来让我们看一些更有用的:
stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc exec ubuntu-core bash root@ubuntu-core:~# snap install nextcloudnextcloud 11.0.1snap2 from 'nextcloud' installed
之后通过 HTTP 访问你的容器就可以看到刚才部署的 Nextcloud 实例。
如果你想直接通过 git 测试最新版 LXD,你可以这样做:
stgraber@dakara:~$ lxc config set ubuntu-core security.nesting truestgraber@dakara:~$ lxc exec ubuntu-core bash root@ubuntu-core:~# snap install lxd --edgelxd (edge) git-c6006fb from 'canonical' installed root@ubuntu-core:~# lxd initName of the storage backend to use (dir or zfs) [default=dir]: We detected that you are running inside an unprivileged container. This means that unless you manually configured your host otherwise, you will not have enough uid and gid to allocate to your containers. LXD can re-use your container's own allocation to avoid the problem. Doing so makes your nested containers slightly less safe as they could in theory attack their parent container and gain more privileges than they otherwise would. Would you like to have your containers share their parent's allocation (yes/no) [default=yes]? Would you like LXD to be available over the network (yes/no) [default=no]? Would you like stale cached images to be updated automatically (yes/no) [default=yes]? Would you like to create a new network bridge (yes/no) [default=yes]? What should the new bridge be called [default=lxdbr0]? What IPv4 address should be used (CIDR subnet notation, “auto” or “none”) [default=auto]? What IPv6 address should be used (CIDR subnet notation, “auto” or “none”) [default=auto]? LXD has been successfully configured.
已经设置过的容器不能回退版本,但是可以在 Ubuntu Core 16 中运行另一个 Ubuntu Core 16 容器:
root@ubuntu-core:~# lxc launch images:ubuntu-core/16 nested-coreCreating nested-core Starting nested-core root@ubuntu-core:~# lxc list+-------------+---------+---------------------+-----------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+ | NAME | STATE | IPV4 | IPV6 | TYPE | SNAPSHOTS | +-------------+---------+---------------------+-----------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+ | nested-core | RUNNING | 10.71.135.21 (eth0) | fd42:2861:5aad:3842:216:3eff:feaf:e6bd (eth0) | PERSISTENT | 0 | +-------------+---------+---------------------+-----------------------------------------------+------------+-----------+
到此,相信大家对“怎么在LXD容器中运行Ubuntu Core”有了更深的了解,不妨来实际操作一番吧!这里是亿速云网站,更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询,关注我们,继续学习!
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