基于Python如何实现围棋游戏

class Application(Tk): # 初始化棋盘,默认九路棋盘 def __init__(self,my_mode_num=9): Tk.__init__(self) # 模式，九路棋：9，十三路棋：13，十九路棋：19 self.mode_num=my_mode_num # 窗口尺寸设置，默认：1.8 self.size=1.8 # 棋盘每格的边长 self.dd=360*self.size/(self.mode_num-1) # 相对九路棋盘的矫正比例 self.p=1 if self.mode_num==9 else (2/3 if self.mode_num==13 else 4/9) # 定义棋盘阵列,超过边界：-1，无子：0，黑棋：1，白棋：2 self.positions=[[0 for i in range(self.mode_num+2)] for i in range(self.mode_num+2)] # 初始化棋盘，所有超过边界的值置-1 for m in range(self.mode_num+2): for n in range(self.mode_num+2): if (m*n==0 or m==self.mode_num+1 or n==self.mode_num+1): self.positions[m][n]=-1 # 拷贝三份棋盘“快照”，悔棋和判断“打劫”时需要作参考 self.last_3_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.positions) self.last_2_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.positions) self.last_1_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.positions) # 记录鼠标经过的地方，用于显示shadow时 self.cross_last=None # 当前轮到的玩家，黑：0，白：1，执黑先行 self.present=0 # 初始停止运行，点击“开始游戏”运行游戏 self.stop=True # 悔棋次数，次数大于0才可悔棋，初始置0（初始不能悔棋），悔棋后置0，下棋或弃手时恢复为1，以禁止连续悔棋 self.regretchance=0 # 图片资源，存放在当前目录下的/Pictures/中 self.photoW=PhotoImage(file = "./Pictures/W.png") self.photoB=PhotoImage(file = "./Pictures/B.png") self.photoBD=PhotoImage(file = "./Pictures/"+"BD"+"-"+str(self.mode_num)+".png") self.photoWD=PhotoImage(file = "./Pictures/"+"WD"+"-"+str(self.mode_num)+".png") self.photoBU=PhotoImage(file = "./Pictures/"+"BU"+"-"+str(self.mode_num)+".png") self.photoWU=PhotoImage(file = "./Pictures/"+"WU"+"-"+str(self.mode_num)+".png") # 用于黑白棋子图片切换的列表 self.photoWBU_list=[self.photoBU,self.photoWU] self.photoWBD_list=[self.photoBD,self.photoWD] # 窗口大小 self.geometry(str(int(600*self.size))+'x'+str(int(400*self.size))) # 画布控件，作为容器 self.canvas_bottom=Canvas(self,bg='#369',bd=0,width=600*self.size,height=400*self.size) self.canvas_bottom.place(x=0,y=0) # 几个功能按钮 self.startButton=Button(self,text='开始游戏',command=self.start) self.startButton.place(x=480*self.size,y=200*self.size) self.passmeButton=Button(self,text='弃一手',command=self.passme) self.passmeButton.place(x=480*self.size,y=225*self.size) self.regretButton=Button(self,text='悔棋',command=self.regret) self.regretButton.place(x=480*self.size,y=250*self.size) # 初始悔棋按钮禁用 self.regretButton['state']=DISABLED self.replayButton=Button(self,text='重新开始',command=self.reload) self.replayButton.place(x=480*self.size,y=275*self.size) self.newGameButton1=Button(self,text=('十三' if self.mode_num==9 else '九')+'路棋',command=self.newGame1) self.newGameButton1.place(x=480*self.size,y=300*self.size) self.newGameButton2=Button(self,text=('十三' if self.mode_num==19 else '十九')+'路棋',command=self.newGame2) self.newGameButton2.place(x=480*self.size,y=325*self.size) self.quitButton=Button(self,text='退出游戏',command=self.quit) self.quitButton.place(x=480*self.size,y=350*self.size) # 画棋盘，填充颜色 self.canvas_bottom.create_rectangle(0*self.size,0*self.size,400*self.size,400*self.size,fill='#c51') # 刻画棋盘线及九个点 # 先画外框粗线 self.canvas_bottom.create_rectangle(20*self.size,20*self.size,380*self.size,380*self.size,width=3) # 棋盘上的九个定位点，以中点为模型，移动位置，以作出其余八个点 for m in [-1,0,1]: for n in [-1,0,1]: self.oringinal=self.canvas_bottom.create_oval(200*self.size-self.size*2,200*self.size-self.size*2, 200*self.size+self.size*2,200*self.size+self.size*2,fill='#000') self.canvas_bottom.move(self.oringinal,m*self.dd*(2 if self.mode_num==9 else (3 if self.mode_num==13 else 6)), n*self.dd*(2 if self.mode_num==9 else (3 if self.mode_num==13 else 6))) # 画中间的线条 for i in range(1,self.mode_num-1): self.canvas_bottom.create_line(20*self.size,20*self.size+i*self.dd,380*self.size,20*self.size+i*self.dd,width=2) self.canvas_bottom.create_line(20*self.size+i*self.dd,20*self.size,20*self.size+i*self.dd,380*self.size,width=2) # 放置右侧初始图片 self.pW=self.canvas_bottom.create_image(500*self.size+11, 65*self.size,image=self.photoW) self.pB=self.canvas_bottom.create_image(500*self.size-11, 65*self.size,image=self.photoB) # 每张图片都添加image标签，方便reload函数删除图片 self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image',self.pW) self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image',self.pB) # 鼠标移动时，调用shadow函数，显示随鼠标移动的棋子 self.canvas_bottom.bind('<Motion>',self.shadow) # 鼠标左键单击时，调用getdown函数，放下棋子 self.canvas_bottom.bind('<Button-1>',self.getDown) # 设置退出快捷键<Ctrl>+<D>，快速退出游戏 self.bind('<Control-KeyPress-d>',self.keyboardQuit)

def start(self): # 删除右侧太极图 self.canvas_bottom.delete(self.pW) self.canvas_bottom.delete(self.pB) # 利用右侧图案提示开始时谁先落子 if self.present==0: self.create_pB() self.del_pW() else: self.create_pW() self.del_pB() # 开始标志，解除stop self.stop=None

def passme(self): # 悔棋恢复 if not self.regretchance==1: self.regretchance+=1 else: self.regretButton['state']=NORMAL # 拷贝棋盘状态，记录前三次棋局 self.last_3_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.last_2_positions) self.last_2_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.last_1_positions) self.last_1_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.positions) self.canvas_bottom.delete('image_added_sign') # 轮到下一玩家 if self.present==0: self.create_pW() self.del_pB() self.present=1 else: self.create_pB() self.del_pW() self.present=0

def regret(self): # 判定是否可以悔棋 if self.regretchance==1: self.regretchance=0 self.regretButton['state']=DISABLED list_of_b=[] list_of_w=[] self.canvas_bottom.delete('image') if self.present==0: self.create_pB() else: self.create_pW() for m in range(1,self.mode_num+1): for n in range(1,self.mode_num+1): self.positions[m][n]=0 for m in range(len(self.last_3_positions)): for n in range(len(self.last_3_positions[m])): if self.last_3_positions[m][n]==1: list_of_b+=[[n,m]] elif self.last_3_positions[m][n]==2: list_of_w+=[[n,m]] self.recover(list_of_b,0) self.recover(list_of_w,1) self.last_1_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.last_3_positions) for m in range(1,self.mode_num+1): for n in range(1,self.mode_num+1): self.last_2_positions[m][n]=0 self.last_3_positions[m][n]=0

def reload(self): if self.stop==1: self.stop=0 self.canvas_bottom.delete('image') self.regretchance=0 self.present=0 self.create_pB() for m in range(1,self.mode_num+1): for n in range(1,self.mode_num+1): self.positions[m][n]=0 self.last_3_positions[m][n]=0 self.last_2_positions[m][n]=0 self.last_1_positions[m][n]=0

def create_pW(self): self.pW=self.canvas_bottom.create_image(500*self.size+11, 65*self.size,image=self.photoW) self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image',self.pW) def create_pB(self): self.pB=self.canvas_bottom.create_image(500*self.size-11, 65*self.size,image=self.photoB) self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image',self.pB) def del_pW(self): self.canvas_bottom.delete(self.pW) def del_pB(self): self.canvas_bottom.delete(self.pB)

def shadow(self,event): if not self.stop: # 找到最近格点，在当前位置靠近的格点出显示棋子图片，并删除上一位置的棋子图片 if (20*self.size<event.x<380*self.size) and (20*self.size<event.y<380*self.size): dx=(event.x-20*self.size)%self.dd dy=(event.y-20*self.size)%self.dd self.cross=self.canvas_bottom.create_image(event.x-dx+round(dx/self.dd)*self.dd+22*self.p, event.y-dy+round(dy/self.dd)*self.dd-27*self.p,image=self.photoWBU_list[self.present]) self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image',self.cross) if self.cross_last!=None: self.canvas_bottom.delete(self.cross_last) self.cross_last=self.cross # 落子，并驱动玩家的轮流下棋行为 def getDown(self,event): if not self.stop: # 先找到最近格点 if (20*self.size-self.dd*0.4<event.x<self.dd*0.4+380*self.size) and (20*self.size-self.dd*0.4<event.y<self.dd*0.4+380*self.size): dx=(event.x-20*self.size)%self.dd dy=(event.y-20*self.size)%self.dd x=int((event.x-20*self.size-dx)/self.dd+round(dx/self.dd)+1) y=int((event.y-20*self.size-dy)/self.dd+round(dy/self.dd)+1) # 判断位置是否已经被占据 if self.positions[y][x]==0: # 未被占据，则尝试占据，获得占据后能杀死的棋子列表 self.positions[y][x]=self.present+1 self.image_added=self.canvas_bottom.create_image(event.x-dx+round(dx/self.dd)*self.dd+4*self.p, event.y-dy+round(dy/self.dd)*self.dd-5*self.p,image=self.photoWBD_list[self.present]) self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image',self.image_added) # 棋子与位置标签绑定，方便“杀死” self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('position'+str(x)+str(y),self.image_added) deadlist=self.get_deadlist(x,y) self.kill(deadlist) # 判断是否重复棋局 if not self.last_2_positions==self.positions: # 判断是否属于有气和杀死对方其中之一 if len(deadlist)>0 or self.if_dead([[x,y]],self.present+1,[x,y])==False: # 当不重复棋局，且属于有气和杀死对方其中之一时，落下棋子有效 if not self.regretchance==1: self.regretchance+=1 else: self.regretButton['state']=NORMAL self.last_3_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.last_2_positions) self.last_2_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.last_1_positions) self.last_1_positions=copy.deepcopy(self.positions) # 删除上次的标记，重新创建标记 self.canvas_bottom.delete('image_added_sign') self.image_added_sign=self.canvas_bottom.create_oval(event.x-dx+round(dx/self.dd)*self.dd+0.5*self.dd, event.y-dy+round(dy/self.dd)*self.dd+0.5*self.dd,event.x-dx+round(dx/self.dd)*self.dd-0.5*self.dd, event.y-dy+round(dy/self.dd)*self.dd-0.5*self.dd,width=3,outline='#3ae') self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image',self.image_added_sign) self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image_added_sign',self.image_added_sign) if self.present==0: self.create_pW() self.del_pB() self.present=1 else: self.create_pB() self.del_pW() self.present=0 else: # 不属于杀死对方或有气，则判断为无气，警告并弹出警告框 self.positions[y][x]=0 self.canvas_bottom.delete('position'+str(x)+str(y)) self.bell() self.showwarningbox('无气',"你被包围了！") else: # 重复棋局，警告打劫 self.positions[y][x]=0 self.canvas_bottom.delete('position'+str(x)+str(y)) self.recover(deadlist,(1 if self.present==0 else 0)) self.bell() self.showwarningbox("打劫","此路不通！") else: # 覆盖，声音警告 self.bell() else: # 超出边界，声音警告 self.bell()

def if_dead(self,deadList,yourChessman,yourPosition): for i in [-1,1]: if [yourPosition[0]+i,yourPosition[1]] not in deadList: if self.positions[yourPosition[1]][yourPosition[0]+i]==0: return False if [yourPosition[0],yourPosition[1]+i] not in deadList: if self.positions[yourPosition[1]+i][yourPosition[0]]==0: return False if ([yourPosition[0]+1,yourPosition[1]] not in deadList) and (self.positions[yourPosition[1]][yourPosition[0]+1]==yourChessman): midvar=self.if_dead(deadList+[[yourPosition[0]+1,yourPosition[1]]],yourChessman,[yourPosition[0]+1,yourPosition[1]]) if not midvar: return False else: deadList+=copy.deepcopy(midvar) if ([yourPosition[0]-1,yourPosition[1]] not in deadList) and (self.positions[yourPosition[1]][yourPosition[0]-1]==yourChessman): midvar=self.if_dead(deadList+[[yourPosition[0]-1,yourPosition[1]]],yourChessman,[yourPosition[0]-1,yourPosition[1]]) if not midvar: return False else: deadList+=copy.deepcopy(midvar) if ([yourPosition[0],yourPosition[1]+1] not in deadList) and (self.positions[yourPosition[1]+1][yourPosition[0]]==yourChessman): midvar=self.if_dead(deadList+[[yourPosition[0],yourPosition[1]+1]],yourChessman,[yourPosition[0],yourPosition[1]+1]) if not midvar: return False else: deadList+=copy.deepcopy(midvar) if ([yourPosition[0],yourPosition[1]-1] not in deadList) and (self.positions[yourPosition[1]-1][yourPosition[0]]==yourChessman): midvar=self.if_dead(deadList+[[yourPosition[0],yourPosition[1]-1]],yourChessman,[yourPosition[0],yourPosition[1]-1]) if not midvar: return False else: deadList+=copy.deepcopy(midvar) return deadList # 警告消息框，接受标题和警告信息 def showwarningbox(self,title,message): self.canvas_bottom.delete(self.cross) tkinter.messagebox.showwarning(title,message) # 落子后，依次判断四周是否有棋子被杀死，并返回死棋位置列表 def get_deadlist(self,x,y): deadlist=[] for i in [-1,1]: if self.positions[y][x+i]==(2 if self.present==0 else 1) and ([x+i,y] not in deadlist): killList=self.if_dead([[x+i,y]],(2 if self.present==0 else 1),[x+i,y]) if not killList==False: deadlist+=copy.deepcopy(killList) if self.positions[y+i][x]==(2 if self.present==0 else 1) and ([x,y+i] not in deadlist): killList=self.if_dead([[x,y+i]],(2 if self.present==0 else 1),[x,y+i]) if not killList==False: deadlist+=copy.deepcopy(killList) return deadlist # 恢复位置列表list_to_recover为b_or_w指定的棋子 def recover(self,list_to_recover,b_or_w): if len(list_to_recover)>0: for i in range(len(list_to_recover)): self.positions[list_to_recover[i][1]][list_to_recover[i][0]]=b_or_w+1 self.image_added=self.canvas_bottom.create_image(20*self.size+(list_to_recover[i][0]-1)*self.dd+4*self.p, 20*self.size+(list_to_recover[i][1]-1)*self.dd-5*self.p,image=self.photoWBD_list[b_or_w]) self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('image',self.image_added) self.canvas_bottom.addtag_withtag('position'+str(list_to_recover[i][0])+str(list_to_recover[i][1]),self.image_added) # 杀死位置列表killList中的棋子，即删除图片，位置值置0 def kill(self,killList): if len(killList)>0: for i in range(len(killList)): self.positions[killList[i][1]][killList[i][0]]=0 self.canvas_bottom.delete('position'+str(killList[i][0])+str(killList[i][1]))

def keyboardQuit(self,event): self.quit() # 以下两个函数修改全局变量值，newApp使主函数循环，以建立不同参数的对象 def newGame1(self): global mode_num,newApp mode_num=(13 if self.mode_num==9 else 9) newApp=True self.quit() def newGame2(self): global mode_num,newApp mode_num=(13 if self.mode_num==19 else 19) newApp=True self.quit() # 声明全局变量，用于新建Application对象时切换成不同模式的游戏 global mode_num,newApp mode_num=9 newApp=False

if __name__=='__main__': # 循环，直到不切换游戏模式 while True: newApp=False app=Application(mode_num) app.title('围棋') app.mainloop() if newApp: app.destroy() else: break

1.导入模块

2.初始化棋盘

3. 开始游戏

4.放弃当前回合落子

5.悔棋判断

6.重新开始

7.右侧太极图的设置

8.落子设置

9.吃子规则判定设置

10.其他

11.程序入口

12.效果图

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