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在日常工作中,我们经常需要将多个Word文档合并成一个文档。手动操作不仅费时费力,还容易出错。通过Java编程,我们可以自动化这一过程,提高工作效率。本文将详细介绍如何使用Java实现合并Word文档的功能。
在开始之前,我们需要准备以下工具和库:
如果你使用的是Maven,可以在pom.xml
文件中添加以下依赖:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>5.2.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId>
<version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.xmlbeans</groupId>
<artifactId>xmlbeans</artifactId>
<version>5.1.1</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
如果你使用的是Gradle,可以在build.gradle
文件中添加以下依赖:
dependencies {
implementation 'org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml:5.2.3'
implementation 'org.apache.poi:poi-ooxml-schemas:4.1.2'
implementation 'org.apache.xmlbeans:xmlbeans:5.1.1'
}
在合并Word文档之前,我们需要先读取每个文档的内容。Apache POI提供了XWPFDocument
类来处理.docx
格式的Word文档。
以下代码展示了如何读取一个Word文档的内容:
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
public class WordReader {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String filePath = "example.docx";
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath)) {
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);
List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphs = document.getParagraphs();
for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : paragraphs) {
System.out.println(paragraph.getText());
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
我们可以将上述代码封装成一个方法,以便读取多个文档:
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class WordReader {
public static List<XWPFParagraph> readDocument(String filePath) {
List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphs = new ArrayList<>();
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath)) {
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);
paragraphs = document.getParagraphs();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return paragraphs;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] filePaths = {"example1.docx", "example2.docx"};
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
List<XWPFParagraph> paragraphs = readDocument(filePath);
for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : paragraphs) {
System.out.println(paragraph.getText());
}
}
}
}
在读取了多个Word文档的内容后,我们需要将这些内容合并到一个新的文档中。Apache POI提供了XWPFDocument
类来创建和写入新的Word文档。
以下代码展示了如何创建一个新的Word文档:
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class WordWriter {
public static void main(String[] args) {
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument();
XWPFParagraph paragraph = document.createParagraph();
paragraph.createRun().setText("Hello, World!");
try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("output.docx")) {
document.write(fos);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
我们可以将读取和写入的代码结合起来,实现多个Word文档的合并:
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFParagraph;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
public class WordMerger {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] filePaths = {"example1.docx", "example2.docx"};
XWPFDocument mergedDocument = new XWPFDocument();
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath)) {
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);
for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : document.getParagraphs()) {
XWPFParagraph newParagraph = mergedDocument.createParagraph();
newParagraph.createRun().setText(paragraph.getText());
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("merged.docx")) {
mergedDocument.write(fos);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
在实际应用中,我们可能还需要保留原文档的样式和格式。Apache POI提供了丰富的API来处理样式和格式。以下代码展示了如何复制段落的样式:
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class WordMerger {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] filePaths = {"example1.docx", "example2.docx"};
XWPFDocument mergedDocument = new XWPFDocument();
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath)) {
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);
for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : document.getParagraphs()) {
XWPFParagraph newParagraph = mergedDocument.createParagraph();
copyParagraphStyle(paragraph, newParagraph);
for (XWPFRun run : paragraph.getRuns()) {
XWPFRun newRun = newParagraph.createRun();
copyRunStyle(run, newRun);
newRun.setText(run.getText(0));
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("merged.docx")) {
mergedDocument.write(fos);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static void copyParagraphStyle(XWPFParagraph source, XWPFParagraph target) {
target.setAlignment(source.getAlignment());
target.setBorderBetween(source.getBorderBetween());
target.setBorderBottom(source.getBorderBottom());
target.setBorderLeft(source.getBorderLeft());
target.setBorderRight(source.getBorderRight());
target.setBorderTop(source.getBorderTop());
target.setFirstLineIndent(source.getFirstLineIndent());
target.setIndentationLeft(source.getIndentationLeft());
target.setIndentationRight(source.getIndentationRight());
target.setIndentationHanging(source.getIndentationHanging());
target.setPageBreak(source.isPageBreak());
target.setSpacingAfter(source.getSpacingAfter());
target.setSpacingBefore(source.getSpacingBefore());
target.setSpacingBetween(source.getSpacingBetween());
target.setStyle(source.getStyle());
target.setVerticalAlignment(source.getVerticalAlignment());
}
private static void copyRunStyle(XWPFRun source, XWPFRun target) {
target.setBold(source.isBold());
target.setCapitalized(source.isCapitalized());
target.setCharacterSpacing(source.getCharacterSpacing());
target.setColor(source.getColor());
target.setDoubleStrikethrough(source.isDoubleStrikethrough());
target.setEmbossed(source.isEmbossed());
target.setFontFamily(source.getFontFamily());
target.setFontSize(source.getFontSize());
target.setImprinted(source.isImprinted());
target.setItalic(source.isItalic());
target.setKerning(source.getKerning());
target.setShadow(source.isShadow());
target.setSmallCaps(source.isSmallCaps());
target.setStrikeThrough(source.isStrikeThrough());
target.setSubscript(source.getSubscript());
target.setUnderline(source.getUnderline());
}
}
在实际应用中,Word文档可能包含图片和表格。Apache POI也提供了相应的API来处理这些元素。
以下代码展示了如何复制图片:
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class WordMerger {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] filePaths = {"example1.docx", "example2.docx"};
XWPFDocument mergedDocument = new XWPFDocument();
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath)) {
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);
for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : document.getParagraphs()) {
XWPFParagraph newParagraph = mergedDocument.createParagraph();
copyParagraphStyle(paragraph, newParagraph);
for (XWPFRun run : paragraph.getRuns()) {
XWPFRun newRun = newParagraph.createRun();
copyRunStyle(run, newRun);
newRun.setText(run.getText(0));
for (XWPFPicture picture : run.getEmbeddedPictures()) {
newRun.addPicture(picture.getPictureData());
}
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("merged.docx")) {
mergedDocument.write(fos);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static void copyParagraphStyle(XWPFParagraph source, XWPFParagraph target) {
// 同上
}
private static void copyRunStyle(XWPFRun source, XWPFRun target) {
// 同上
}
}
以下代码展示了如何复制表格:
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
public class WordMerger {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String[] filePaths = {"example1.docx", "example2.docx"};
XWPFDocument mergedDocument = new XWPFDocument();
for (String filePath : filePaths) {
try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(filePath)) {
XWPFDocument document = new XWPFDocument(fis);
for (XWPFTable table : document.getTables()) {
XWPFTable newTable = mergedDocument.createTable();
copyTable(table, newTable);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try (FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("merged.docx")) {
mergedDocument.write(fos);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static void copyTable(XWPFTable source, XWPFTable target) {
for (XWPFTableRow row : source.getRows()) {
XWPFTableRow newRow = target.createRow();
for (XWPFTableCell cell : row.getTableCells()) {
XWPFTableCell newCell = newRow.createCell();
copyCell(cell, newCell);
}
}
}
private static void copyCell(XWPFTableCell source, XWPFTableCell target) {
for (XWPFParagraph paragraph : source.getParagraphs()) {
XWPFParagraph newParagraph = target.addParagraph();
copyParagraphStyle(paragraph, newParagraph);
for (XWPFRun run : paragraph.getRuns()) {
XWPFRun newRun = newParagraph.createRun();
copyRunStyle(run, newRun);
newRun.setText(run.getText(0));
}
}
}
private static void copyParagraphStyle(XWPFParagraph source, XWPFParagraph target) {
// 同上
}
private static void copyRunStyle(XWPFRun source, XWPFRun target) {
// 同上
}
}
通过使用Apache POI库,我们可以轻松地实现Java合并Word文档的功能。本文详细介绍了如何读取、合并以及处理Word文档中的文本、图片和表格。希望本文能帮助你更好地理解和应用Java处理Word文档的技术。
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