怎么用SSM框架实现信息管理系统

发布时间：2022-09-30 13:42:35 作者：iii
来源：亿速云阅读：167

怎么用SSM框架实现信息管理系统

引言

在现代软件开发中，信息管理系统（Information Management System, IMS）是一个常见的应用场景。它通常用于管理、存储和检索各种类型的信息，如用户数据、产品信息、订单记录等。为了实现一个高效、可扩展的信息管理系统，选择合适的开发框架至关重要。SSM框架（Spring + Spring MVC + MyBatis）是Java开发中非常流行的一种组合，它结合了Spring的依赖注入和面向切面编程、Spring MVC的模型-视图-控制器架构以及MyBatis的持久层框架，能够帮助开发者快速构建高质量的Web应用。

本文将详细介绍如何使用SSM框架实现一个简单的信息管理系统。我们将从项目搭建、数据库设计、业务逻辑实现到前端展示，逐步讲解每个环节的实现细节。

1. 项目搭建

1.1 环境准备

在开始之前，确保你已经安装了以下工具和环境：

JDK 1.8 或更高版本
Maven 3.x
IntelliJ IDEA 或 Eclipse IDE
MySQL 数据库

1.2 创建Maven项目

首先，使用Maven创建一个新的Java项目。在命令行中执行以下命令：

mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.example -DartifactId=ims -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false

这将生成一个基本的Maven Web项目结构。

1.3 添加依赖

在pom.xml文件中添加SSM框架所需的依赖：

<dependencies>
    <!-- Spring -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.21</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.21</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- MyBatis -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- MySQL Connector -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.29</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Servlet API -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.1</version>
        <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- JSTL -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
        <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Logging -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
        <version>1.7.36</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

1.4 配置Spring

在src/main/resources目录下创建applicationContext.xml文件，配置Spring的核心容器：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.ims" />
</beans>

1.5 配置Spring MVC

在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF目录下创建spring-servlet.xml文件，配置Spring MVC：

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.example.ims.controller" />

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

1.6 配置MyBatis

在src/main/resources目录下创建mybatis-config.xml文件，配置MyBatis：

<configuration>
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.example.ims.model" />
    </typeAliases>
</configuration>

1.7 配置数据库连接

在src/main/resources目录下创建database.properties文件，配置数据库连接信息：

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ims?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=yourpassword

在applicationContext.xml中添加数据源和MyBatis的配置：

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
</bean>

<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.example.ims.mapper" />
</bean>

2. 数据库设计

2.1 创建数据库

在MySQL中创建一个名为ims的数据库：

CREATE DATABASE ims;
USE ims;

2.2 创建用户表

创建一个用户表user，用于存储用户信息：

CREATE TABLE user (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    username VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    password VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    email VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

2.3 创建产品表

创建一个产品表product，用于存储产品信息：

CREATE TABLE product (
    id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
    name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    description TEXT,
    price DECIMAL(10, 2) NOT NULL,
    created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

3. 业务逻辑实现

3.1 创建实体类

在src/main/java/com/example/ims/model目录下创建实体类User和Product：

package com.example.ims.model;

import java.util.Date;

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String email;
    private Date createdAt;

    // Getters and Setters
}

public class Product {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private String description;
    private Double price;
    private Date createdAt;

    // Getters and Setters
}

3.2 创建Mapper接口

在src/main/java/com/example/ims/mapper目录下创建Mapper接口UserMapper和ProductMapper：

package com.example.ims.mapper;

import com.example.ims.model.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;

import java.util.List;

@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
    @Select("SELECT * FROM user")
    List<User> findAll();

    @Insert("INSERT INTO user (username, password, email) VALUES (#{username}, #{password}, #{email})")
    void insert(User user);

    @Update("UPDATE user SET username = #{username}, password = #{password}, email = #{email} WHERE id = #{id}")
    void update(User user);

    @Delete("DELETE FROM user WHERE id = #{id}")
    void delete(Integer id);
}

@Mapper
public interface ProductMapper {
    @Select("SELECT * FROM product")
    List<Product> findAll();

    @Insert("INSERT INTO product (name, description, price) VALUES (#{name}, #{description}, #{price})")
    void insert(Product product);

    @Update("UPDATE product SET name = #{name}, description = #{description}, price = #{price} WHERE id = #{id}")
    void update(Product product);

    @Delete("DELETE FROM product WHERE id = #{id}")
    void delete(Integer id);
}

3.3 创建Service层

在src/main/java/com/example/ims/service目录下创建Service接口和实现类：

package com.example.ims.service;

import com.example.ims.model.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserService {
    List<User> findAll();
    void save(User user);
    void update(User user);
    void delete(Integer id);
}

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        return userMapper.findAll();
    }

    @Override
    public void save(User user) {
        userMapper.insert(user);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(User user) {
        userMapper.update(user);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Integer id) {
        userMapper.delete(id);
    }
}

public interface ProductService {
    List<Product> findAll();
    void save(Product product);
    void update(Product product);
    void delete(Integer id);
}

@Service
public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {
    @Autowired
    private ProductMapper productMapper;

    @Override
    public List<Product> findAll() {
        return productMapper.findAll();
    }

    @Override
    public void save(Product product) {
        productMapper.insert(product);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Product product) {
        productMapper.update(product);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(Integer id) {
        productMapper.delete(id);
    }
}

3.4 创建Controller层

在src/main/java/com/example/ims/controller目录下创建Controller类UserController和ProductController：

package com.example.ims.controller;

import com.example.ims.model.User;
import com.example.ims.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/users")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @GetMapping
    public String listUsers(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("users", userService.findAll());
        return "user/list";
    }

    @GetMapping("/new")
    public String showUserForm(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("user", new User());
        return "user/form";
    }

    @PostMapping
    public String saveUser(@ModelAttribute User user) {
        userService.save(user);
        return "redirect:/users";
    }

    @GetMapping("/edit/{id}")
    public String showEditForm(@PathVariable Integer id, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("user", userService.findById(id));
        return "user/form";
    }

    @PostMapping("/update")
    public String updateUser(@ModelAttribute User user) {
        userService.update(user);
        return "redirect:/users";
    }

    @GetMapping("/delete/{id}")
    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        userService.delete(id);
        return "redirect:/users";
    }
}

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/products")
public class ProductController {
    @Autowired
    private ProductService productService;

    @GetMapping
    public String listProducts(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("products", productService.findAll());
        return "product/list";
    }

    @GetMapping("/new")
    public String showProductForm(Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("product", new Product());
        return "product/form";
    }

    @PostMapping
    public String saveProduct(@ModelAttribute Product product) {
        productService.save(product);
        return "redirect:/products";
    }

    @GetMapping("/edit/{id}")
    public String showEditForm(@PathVariable Integer id, Model model) {
        model.addAttribute("product", productService.findById(id));
        return "product/form";
    }

    @PostMapping("/update")
    public String updateProduct(@ModelAttribute Product product) {
        productService.update(product);
        return "redirect:/products";
    }

    @GetMapping("/delete/{id}")
    public String deleteProduct(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        productService.delete(id);
        return "redirect:/products";
    }
}

4. 前端展示

4.1 创建JSP页面

在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views目录下创建JSP页面：

user/list.jsp：用户列表页面
user/form.jsp：用户表单页面
product/list.jsp：产品列表页面
product/form.jsp：产品表单页面

4.2 用户列表页面

user/list.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>User List</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>User List</h1>
    <table border="1">
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Username</th>
            <th>Email</th>
            <th>Actions</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach var="user" items="${users}">
            <tr>
                <td>${user.id}</td>
                <td>${user.username}</td>
                <td>${user.email}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="/users/edit/${user.id}">Edit</a>
                    <a href="/users/delete/${user.id}">Delete</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
    <a href="/users/new">Add New User</a>
</body>
</html>

4.3 用户表单页面

user/form.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>User Form</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>User Form</h1>
    <form action="/users" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id}">
        <label for="username">Username:</label>
        <input type="text" id="username" name="username" value="${user.username}"><br>
        <label for="password">Password:</label>
        <input type="password" id="password" name="password" value="${user.password}"><br>
        <label for="email">Email:</label>
        <input type="email" id="email" name="email" value="${user.email}"><br>
        <button type="submit">Save</button>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

4.4 产品列表页面

product/list.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Product List</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Product List</h1>
    <table border="1">
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Description</th>
            <th>Price</th>
            <th>Actions</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach var="product" items="${products}">
            <tr>
                <td>${product.id}</td>
                <td>${product.name}</td>
                <td>${product.description}</td>
                <td>${product.price}</td>
                <td>
                    <a href="/products/edit/${product.id}">Edit</a>
                    <a href="/products/delete/${product.id}">Delete</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
    <a href="/products/new">Add New Product</a>
</body>
</html>

4.5 产品表单页面

product/form.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Product Form</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>Product Form</h1>
    <form action="/products" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${product.id}">
        <label for="name">Name:</label>
        <input type="text" id="name" name="name" value="${product.name}"><br>
        <label for="description">Description:</label>
        <textarea id="description" name="description">${product.description}</textarea><br>
        <label for="price">Price:</label>
        <input type="number" id="price" name="price" value="${product.price}"><br>
        <button type="submit">Save</button>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

怎么用SSM框架实现信息管理系统

怎么用SSM框架实现信息管理系统

引言

1. 项目搭建

1.1 环境准备

1.2 创建Maven项目

1.3 添加依赖

1.4 配置Spring

1.5 配置Spring MVC

1.6 配置MyBatis

1.7 配置数据库连接

2. 数据库设计

2.1 创建数据库

2.2 创建用户表

2.3 创建产品表

3. 业务逻辑实现

3.1 创建实体类

3.2 创建Mapper接口

3.3 创建Service层

3.4 创建Controller层

4. 前端展示

4.1 创建JSP页面

4.2 用户列表页面

4.3 用户表单页面

4.4 产品列表页面

4.5 产品表单页面

5.

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