Android开发实践：WIFI连接功能的封装

   在上一篇文章《Android开发实践：WIFI扫描功能的封装》介绍了如何利用Andriod的API实现WIFI的扫描，本文则重点讲述一下如何连接WIFI吧，在此，也给出一个封装WIFI连接过程的类，提供简单的接口以供在各个代码工程中复用。

   与WIFI扫描类似，WIFI的连接同样是一个耗时的过程，所以需要放到线程中执行，通过回调来通知调用者连接结果。该回调接口的定义如下：

public interface WifiConnectListener {
    public void OnWifiConnectCompleted( boolean isConnected );
}

   从Android的WIFI Setting可以看出，一般添加一个新的WIFI连接，需要给出三个信息，一个是WIFI的SSID，一个是WIFI的密码，另一个是WIFI的加密类型，不同的加密方式，连接时程序中的配置是不同的，这里定义一个枚举，给出四种常见的加密类型：

public enum SecurityMode {
    OPEN, WEP, WPA, WPA2
}

   Android的WIFI连接过程，总体上分为三步，第一步，添加网络配置，第二步，根据网络配置连接WIFI，第三步，监听系统的WIFI连接状态消息。下面就直接给出示例代码，关键的地方都在代码中注释了。

package com.example.testwifi;
                     
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.net.wifi.SupplicantState;
import android.net.wifi.WifiConfiguration;
import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
                                                                                                                  
public class WifiConnector {
                                                                                                        
    private static final int WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 20; //连接WIFI的超时时间
                                                                                                        
    private Context mContext;
    private WifiManager mWifiManager;           
    private Lock mLock;
    private Condition mCondition;
    private WiFiConncetReceiver mWifiConnectReceiver;
    private WifiConnectListener mWifiConnectListener;
    private boolean mIsConnnected = false;
    private int mNetworkID = -1;
              
    //网络加密模式
    public enum SecurityMode {
        OPEN, WEP, WPA, WPA2
    }
                      
   //通知连接结果的监听接口
    public interface WifiConnectListener {
        public void OnWifiConnectCompleted( boolean isConnected );
    }
                        
    public WifiConnector( Context context , WifiConnectListener listener ) {
                                                                                                            
        mContext = context;   
                                                                                                            
        mLock = new ReentrantLock();
        mCondition = mLock.newCondition();
        mWifiManager=(WifiManager)mContext.getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);   
                                                                                                            
        mWifiConnectReceiver = new WiFiConncetReceiver();  
                                                                                                            
        mWifiConnectListener = listener;
    }
                                                                                                                
    public void connect( final String ssid, final String password, final SecurityMode mode ) {
                                                                                                            
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
                                                                                                                
            @Override
            public void run() {
                                                                                                                    
                //如果WIFI没有打开，则打开WIFI
                if( !mWifiManager.isWifiEnabled() ) {
                    mWifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
                }
                                                                                                                            
                //注册连接结果监听对象
                mContext.registerReceiver(mWifiConnectReceiver, new IntentFilter(WifiManager.SUPPLICANT_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION));
                                                                                                                    
                //连接指定SSID
                if( !onConnect(ssid,password,mode) ) {
                    mWifiConnectListener.OnWifiConnectCompleted(false);
                }
                else {
                    mWifiConnectListener.OnWifiConnectCompleted(true);
                }
                                                                                                                    
                //删除注册的监听类对象
                mContext.unregisterReceiver(mWifiConnectReceiver);         
            }
        }).start();            
    }
                                                                                                        
    protected boolean onConnect( String ssid, String password, SecurityMode mode ) {
                                                                                                            
        //添加新的网络配置
        WifiConfiguration cfg = new WifiConfiguration();
        cfg.SSID = "\"" + ssid + "\"";
        if( password !=null && !"".equals(password) ) {
            //这里比较关键，如果是WEP加密方式的网络，密码需要放到cfg.wepKeys[0]里面
            if( mode == SecurityMode.WEP ) {
                cfg.wepKeys[0]   = "\"" + password + "\"";
                cfg.wepTxKeyIndex = 0;
            }
            else {
                cfg.preSharedKey = "\"" + password + "\"";
            }                  
        }
        cfg.status = WifiConfiguration.Status.ENABLED;
         
        //添加网络配置
        mNetworkID = mWifiManager.addNetwork(cfg);
                                                                                                            
        mLock.lock();
                                                                                 
        mIsConnnected = false;
            
        //连接该网络
        if( !mWifiManager.enableNetwork(mNetworkID , true) ) {
            mLock.unlock();
            return false;
        }
                                                                                                            
        try {
            //等待连接结果
            mCondition.await(WIFI_CONNECT_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        }
        catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();       
        }
                                                                                                            
        mLock.unlock();
                                                                                                            
        return mIsConnnected;
    }  
                                                                                                        
    //监听系统的WIFI连接消息
    protected class WiFiConncetReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
                                                                                                                    
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
                                                                                                                
            if (!WifiManager.SUPPLICANT_STATE_CHANGED_ACTION.equals(intent.getAction())) {
                return;
            }          
                                                                                                                
            mLock.lock();
                                                                                                                
            WifiInfo info = mWifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
            if ( info.getNetworkId()==mNetworkID && info.getSupplicantState() == SupplicantState.COMPLETED ) {
                mIsConnnected = true;
                mCondition.signalAll();    
            }
                                                                                                                
            mLock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

   与WIFI扫描的封装代码类似，这里也用到了Lock和Condition，就是为了阻塞地等待WIFI连接的结果，保证正确的registerReceiver和unregisterReceiver网络连接状态监听对象，同时，设置了WIFI连接超时，防止由于WIFI模块的问题导致界面收不到回调而长时间“卡死”。

   另外，AndroidManifest.xml文件中记得添加权限支持哦：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"></uses-permission>

   这个WIFI连接类的封装就分享到这里啦，希望对初学者有帮助，java文件见博文后面的附件，有任何疑问欢迎留言或者来信lujun.hust@gmail.com交流，或者关注我的新浪微博 @卢_俊 获取最新的文章和资讯。