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今天小编给大家分享一下java怎么将Excel文件上载并把数据导入数据库的相关知识点,内容详细,逻辑清晰,相信大部分人都还太了解这方面的知识,所以分享这篇文章给大家参考一下,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后有所收获,下面我们一起来了解一下吧。
前端借助jQuery-EasyUI来实现
在jquery-easyui-1.9.4/themes/icon.css文件尾部添加
.icon-import-excel{ background:url('icons/ImportExcel.png') no-repeat center center; }
上载图标 ImportExcel.png 在这里
前端代码及相关问题
查看input表单控件(type=“file”)有没有获得文件名
input表单控件如下:
<input id="upload" type="file" name="userUploadFile" hidden />
可以发现:
使用id名称(upload)接一个点可以引用js对象属性。
浏览器的console窗口就是个js shell,可以执行命令,甚至可以上下键翻取历史命令。
前端示范代码
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>jQuery EasyUI Demo for Java</title> <!-- 主题可以通过themes/下的easyui.css进行更换 --> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="jquery-easyui-1.9.4/themes/ui-cupertino/easyui.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="jquery-easyui-1.9.4/themes/icon.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="jquery-easyui-1.9.4/demo/demo.css"> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-easyui-1.9.4/jquery.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-easyui-1.9.4/jquery.easyui.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="jquery-easyui-1.9.4/locale/easyui-lang-zh_CN.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">var url; function deleteUser() { var row = $('#dg').datagrid('getSelected'); if (row) { $.messager.confirm("系统提示", "您确定要删除这条记录吗?", function(r) { if (r) { $.post('userDelete', { delId: row.id }, function(result) { if (result.success) { $.messager.alert("系统提示", "已成功删除这条记录!"); $("#dg").datagrid("reload"); //刷新前端 } else { $.messager.alert("系统提示", result.errorMsg); } }, 'json'); } }); } } function newUser() { $("#dlg").dialog('open').dialog('setTitle', '添加用户'); $('#fm').form('clear'); url = 'userSave'; //Ajax发送至后端服务器 } function editUser() { var row = $('#dg').datagrid('getSelected'); if (row) { $("#dlg").dialog('open').dialog('setTitle', '编辑用户'); $('#fm').form('load', row); //加载当前行的数据 url = 'userSave?id=' + row.id; //Ajax发送至后端服务器 } } function saveUser() { $('#fm').form('submit', { url: url, //Ajax发送至后端服务器对应的url onSubmit: function() { return $(this).form('validate'); }, success: function(result) { var result = eval('(' + result + ')'); //转化为前端JSON if (result.errorMsg) { $.messager.alert("系统提示", result.errorMsg); return; } else { $.messager.alert("系统提示", "保存成功"); $('#dlg').dialog('close'); $("#dg").datagrid("reload"); //刷新前端 } } }); } /* * ajax无法直接接收导出的excel。 * 因为ajax只处理返回的字符流,而后端返回前端的excel是二进制的字节流,ajax无法处理。 * 对于二进制的字节流只能交给浏览器来处理。 */ function exportUser() { var searchVal = $('#searchBox').val(); console.log("查找关键字:" + searchVal); if (searchVal != "") { //使用window.open()方法,浏览器会“跳窗”,闪一下。 //window.open("exportExcel?searchKey="+searchVal); window.location.href = "exportExcel?searchKey=" + searchVal; } else { //window.open("exportExcel"); window.location.href = "exportExcel"; } } function searchUser() { var searchVal = $('#searchBox').val(); console.log("查找关键字:" + searchVal); if (searchVal != '') { //查找框有输入 $('#dg').datagrid({ url: 'userList', queryParams: { "searchVal": searchVal } }); } else { //没有输入则全量显示 $('#dg').datagrid({ url: 'userList', queryParams: {} }); } } function importUser() { $("#uploadDlg").dialog('open').dialog('setTitle', '批量导入数据'); } function downloadTemplate() { //对应jsp&servlet项目(Dynamic Web Project)的WebContent/template/template.xls window.open('template/template.xls'); } function uploadFile() { console.log("到uploadFile"); $("#uploadForm").form("submit", { success: function(result) { //将JSON字符串转成JSON对象 //var result = eval('(' + result + ')'); result=JSON.parse(result); //注意:JSON.stringify()是将JSON对象转换为字符串,便于网络传输。 if (result.errorMsg) { $.messager.alert("系统提示", result.errorMsg); } else { $.messager.alert("系统提示", "上传成功"); $("#uploadDlg").dialog("close"); $("#dg").datagrid("reload"); } } }); }</script> </head> <body> <!-- url属性表示要从Web服务器上请求数据,且与后端交互的是JSON串。交互通过Ajax(XHR)来完成。 --> <!-- 可以将jQuery EasyUI涉及到的组件都放在这个页面上统一调度。 --> <table id="dg" title="用户管理" class="easyui-datagrid"style="width:1024px;height:450px" url="userList" toolbar="#toolbar" pagination="true" rownumbers="true" fitColumns="true" singleSelect="true"> <thead> <tr> <th field="id" width="50" hidden="true">编号</th> <th field="name" width="50">姓名</th> <th field="phone" width="50">电话</th> <th field="email" width="50">Email</th> <th field="qq" width="50">QQ</th> </tr> </thead> </table> <div id="toolbar"> <div> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-add" plain="true" onclick="newUser()">添加用户</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-edit" plain="true" onclick="editUser()">编辑用户</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-remove" plain="true" onclick="deleteUser()">删除用户</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-import-excel" plain="true" onclick="importUser()">批量导入</a> </div> <div> <!-- href=“javascript:void(0);”意为执行一个js的空方法,这样既执行了链接动作,页面又可以不跳转。 --> <input id="searchBox" type="text"style="border:#87CEFA 1px solid;" /> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-search" plain="true" onclick="searchUser()">搜索</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-export-excel" plain="true" onclick="exportUser()">导出用户</a> </div> </div> <div id="dlg" class="easyui-dialog"style="width:400px;height:250px;padding:10px 20px" closed="true" buttons="#dlg-buttons"> <form id="fm" method="post"> <table cellspacing="10px;"> <tr> <td>姓名:</td> <td><input name="name" class="easyui-validatebox" required="true"style="width: 200px;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>联系电话:</td> <td><input name="phone" class="easyui-validatebox" required="true"style="width: 200px;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Email:</td> <td><input name="email" class="easyui-validatebox" validType="email" required="true"style="width: 200px;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td>QQ:</td> <td><input name="qq" class="easyui-validatebox" required="true"style="width: 200px;"></td> </tr> </table> </form> </div> <div id="dlg-buttons"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-ok" onclick="saveUser()">保存</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-cancel" onclick="javascript:$('#dlg').dialog('close')">关闭</a> </div> <div id="uploadDlg" class="easyui-dialog"style="width:400px;height:180px;padding:10px 20px" closed="true" buttons="#upload-btns"> <form id="uploadForm" action="fileUpload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <table> <tr> <td>下载模版:</td> <td><a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-download" onclick="downloadTemplate()">下载</a></td> </tr> <trstyle="height: 10px;"> </tr> <tr> <td>上传文件:</td> <td><a href="javascript:$('#upload').click();" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-upload">选择文件</a> <input id="upload" type="file" name="userUploadFile" hidden /> <span id="fileShow"></span> </td> </tr> </table> </form> </div> <div id="upload-btns"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-ok" onclick="uploadFile()">上传</a> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="easyui-linkbutton" iconCls="icon-cancel" onclick="javascript:$('#uploadDlg').dialog('close')">关闭</a> </div> </body> <script type="text/javascript">$("#upload").change(function() { var arrs = $(this).val().split('\\'); var filename = arrs[arrs.length - 1]; $("#fileShow").html(filename); });</script> </html>
注意,最后</body>和</html>之间的jQuery代码等效于下边的代码:
$(document).ready(function() { $("#upload").change(function() { var arrs = $(this).val().split('\\'); var filename = arrs[arrs.length - 1]; $("#fileShow").html(filename); }); });
后端代码及相关内容
工具类新增处理Excel单元格内容格式的代码
public class ExcelUtil { ...... public static String formatCell(HSSFCell hssfCell) { if (hssfCell == null) { return ""; } switch (hssfCell.getCellType()) { case BOOLEAN: return String.valueOf(hssfCell.getBooleanCellValue()); case NUMERIC: DecimalFormat decimalFormat = new DecimalFormat("###################.###########"); String str = decimalFormat.format(hssfCell.getNumericCellValue()); System.out.println(str); return str; default: return String.valueOf(hssfCell.getStringCellValue()); } } }
这里可以保证double类型的整数没有小数点和其后的零。
关于日期与字符串互转的工具类
public class DateUtil { // java.util.Date转换为String public static String formatDate(Date date, String format) { String result = ""; SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(format); if (date != null) { result = sdf.format(date); } return result; } // String转换为java.util.Date public static Date formatString(String str, String format) throws Exception { if (StringUtil.isEmpty(str)) { return null; } SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(format); return sdf.parse(str); } // 取当前时间的字符串形式 public static String getCurrentDateStr() throws Exception { Date date = new Date(); SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddhhmmss"); return sdf.format(date); } }
配置web.xml
<servlet> <servlet-name>uploadExcelServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.bee.web.UserUploadServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>uploadExcelServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/fileUpload</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
新增一个处理Excel文件上传的Servlet
package com.bee.web; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.sql.Connection; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.List; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem; import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.FileItem; import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.FileItemFactory; import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.FileUploadException; import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory; import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload; import org.apache.tomcat.util.http.fileupload.servlet.ServletRequestContext; import com.bee.dao.UserDao; import com.bee.model.User; import com.bee.utils.DBUtil; import com.bee.utils.DateUtil; import com.bee.utils.ExcelUtil; import com.bee.utils.ResponseUtil; import net.sf.json.JSONObject; public class UserUploadServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; private DBUtil dbUtil = new DBUtil(); private UserDao userDao = new UserDao(); @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { doPost(request, response); } @Override protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { FileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory(); ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory); Iterator<FileItem> it = null; try { List<FileItem> items = upload.parseRequest(new ServletRequestContext(request)); it = items.iterator(); } catch (FileUploadException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } String userUploadFile = null; while (it.hasNext()) { FileItem item = it.next(); userUploadFile = item.getName(); System.out.println("上载的文件:" + userUploadFile); if (!item.isFormField() && userUploadFile != null) { // 是上传的文件(二进制数据) try { // 取当前日期作为文件名,取上传文件的扩展名为服务器端存储文件的扩展名。 String fileName = DateUtil.getCurrentDateStr(); String extName = userUploadFile.split("\\.")[1];// java中由于转义\变\\ // 在后端访问文件系统只能使用绝对路径 String filePath = "e:/tmp/" + fileName + "." + extName; System.out.println("上传文件存储在这里 --> " + filePath); userUploadFile = filePath; item.write(new File(userUploadFile)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } JSONObject result = new JSONObject(); if (userUploadFile == null) { result.put("errorMsg", "我去,上传失败!"); try { ResponseUtil.write(response, result); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return; } POIFSFileSystem fs = new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream(new File(userUploadFile))); HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); HSSFSheet hssfSheet = wb.getSheetAt(0); // 获取第一个Sheet页 if (hssfSheet != null) { for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= hssfSheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) { // 第二行开始 HSSFRow hssfRow = hssfSheet.getRow(rowNum); if (hssfRow == null) { continue; } // 用户的实体类(Entity/Model):POJO/DTO/JavaBean User user = new User(); user.setName(ExcelUtil.formatCell(hssfRow.getCell(0))); user.setPhone(ExcelUtil.formatCell(hssfRow.getCell(1))); user.setEmail(ExcelUtil.formatCell(hssfRow.getCell(2))); user.setQq(ExcelUtil.formatCell(hssfRow.getCell(3))); Connection con = null; try { con = dbUtil.getConnection(); userDao.userAdd(con, user); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { dbUtil.closeConnection(con); } } } result.put("success", "true"); try { ResponseUtil.write(response, result); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
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