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Clojure中可以实现和优化搜索算法,以下是一些常见的搜索算法及其在Clojure中的实现和优化方法:
first
和rest
函数来遍历列表进行线性搜索。为了优化线性搜索算法,可以考虑使用Clojure中的filter
函数进行筛选,以减少搜索时间。(defn linear-search [target coll]
(some #(when (= target %) %) coll))
(defn optimized-linear-search [target coll]
(first (filter #(= target %) coll)))
binary-search
函数对有序列表进行二分搜索。为了优化二分搜索算法,可以考虑使用Clojure中的subvec
函数来减少搜索范围。(defn binary-search [target coll]
(let [low 0
high (dec (count coll))]
(loop [l low
h high]
(if (<= l h)
(let [mid (quot (+ l h) 2)]
(cond
(= target (nth coll mid)) mid
(< target (nth coll mid)) (recur l (dec mid))
:else (recur (inc mid) h)))
-1))))
(defn optimized-binary-search [target coll]
(let [low 0
high (dec (count coll))]
(loop [l low
h high]
(if (<= l h)
(let [mid (quot (+ l h) 2)
mid-elem (nth coll mid)]
(cond
(= target mid-elem) mid
(< target mid-elem) (recur l (dec mid))
:else (recur (inc mid) h)))
-1)))
persistent-queue
库来实现队列,以提高效率。(require '[clojure.data.priority-map :as pq])
(defn bfs [start-goal-graph start-node goal-node]
(loop [queue (pq/priority-map start-node 0)
visited #{}
parents {}
current-node nil]
(if (empty? queue)
nil
(let [[current-node current-cost] (pq/peek queue)
neighbors (get start-goal-graph current-node)]
(if (= current-node goal-node)
(reverse (cons current-node (take-while identity (iterate #(get parents %) current-node))))
(recur (reduce #(if (contains? visited %2) %1 %2) (dissoc queue current-node) neighbors)
(conj visited current-node)
(reduce #(assoc %1 %2 current-node) parents neighbors)
current-node)))))
(defn optimized-bfs [start-goal-graph start-node goal-node]
(loop [queue (pq/priority-map start-node 0)
visited #{}
parents {}
current-node nil]
(if (empty? queue)
nil
(let [[current-node current-cost] (pq/peek queue)
neighbors (get start-goal-graph current-node)]
(if (= current-node goal-node)
(reverse (cons current-node (take-while identity (iterate #(get parents %) current-node))))
(recur (reduce #(if (contains? visited %2) %1 %2) (dissoc queue current-node) neighbors)
(conj visited current-node)
(reduce #(assoc %1 %2 current-node) parents neighbors)
current-node)))))
以上是一些常见的搜索算法及其在Clojure中的实现和优化方法。通过合理地利用Clojure的函数式编程特性和高阶函数,可以更加简洁和高效地实现和优化搜索算法。
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