JSP与WebSocket通信实践

发布时间：2024-11-13 15:31:58 作者：小樊
来源：亿速云阅读：78

JSP（JavaServer Pages）是一种基于服务器的用户界面组件框架，用于生成动态网页内容。WebSocket是一种网络通信协议，它允许在单个TCP连接上进行全双工通信。JSP与WebSocket通信实践是指将JSP用于生成网页内容，同时使用WebSocket实现实时数据交互。

以下是一个简单的JSP与WebSocket通信实践示例：

创建一个WebSocket服务器端类（Server.java）：

import javax.websocket.*;
import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;
import java.io.IOException;

@ServerEndpoint("/websocket")
public class Server {
    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session) {
        System.out.println("Client connected: " + session.getId());
    }

    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message, Session session) {
        System.out.println("Received message from client: " + message);
        try {
            session.getBasicRemote().sendText("Message received: " + message);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @OnClose
    public void onClose(Session session) {
        System.out.println("Client disconnected: " + session.getId());
    }

    @OnError
    public void onError(Throwable error) {
        System.out.println("Error occurred: " + error.getMessage());
    }
}

创建一个WebSocket客户端类（Client.java）：

import javax.websocket.*;
import java.io.IOException;

@ClientEndpoint
public class Client {
    @OnOpen
    public void onOpen(Session session) {
        System.out.println("Connected to server");
    }

    @OnMessage
    public void onMessage(String message) {
        System.out.println("Received message from server: " + message);
    }

    @OnClose
    public void onClose(Session session) {
        System.out.println("Disconnected from server");
    }

    @OnError
    public void onError(Throwable error) {
        System.out.println("Error occurred: " + error.getMessage());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            WebSocketContainer container = ContainerProvider.getWebSocketContainer();
            container.connectToServer(Client.class, new URI("ws://localhost:8080/websocket"));

            Client client = new Client();
            client.sendMessage("Hello, WebSocket!");

            Thread.sleep(1000);
            container.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

创建一个JSP页面（index.jsp）：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>WebSocket Communication Example</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>WebSocket Communication Example</h1>
    <input type="text" id="messageInput" placeholder="Type your message here">
    <button onclick="sendMessage()">Send</button>
    <div id="messages"></div>

    <script>
        function sendMessage() {
            var input = document.getElementById("messageInput");
            var message = input.value;
            var ws = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/websocket");
            ws.send(message);
            input.value = "";
        }

        var ws = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/websocket");
        ws.onmessage = function(event) {
            var messagesDiv = document.getElementById("messages");
            var newMessage = document.createElement("p");
            newMessage.textContent = event.data;
            messagesDiv.appendChild(newMessage);
        };
        ws.onclose = function() {
            console.log("Disconnected from server");
        };
        ws.onerror = function(error) {
            console.error("Error occurred: " + error);
        };
    </script>
</body>
</html>

部署WebSocket服务器端类到Java Web应用服务器（如Tomcat），并启动服务器。
在浏览器中打开JSP页面（index.jsp），输入消息并点击发送按钮，观察浏览器控制台和服务器端的输出，可以看到实时通信的实现。

JSP与WebSocket通信实践

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