数据库备份恢复在php中操作

在PHP中进行数据库备份和恢复，通常需要使用到PHP的MySQL扩展或者PDO（PHP Data Objects）扩展。以下是使用这两种方法进行数据库备份和恢复的示例代码。

1. 使用MySQL扩展：

备份数据库：

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// 创建连接
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// 检查连接
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("连接失败: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

// 备份数据库
$backup_file = "backup_" . date("Y-m-d_H-i-s") . ".sql";
$command = "mysqldump --user=" . $username . " --password=" . $password . " --single-transaction " . $dbname . " > " . $backup_file;
exec($command, $output, $return_var);

if ($return_var === 0) {
    echo "数据库备份成功: " . $backup_file;
} else {
    echo "数据库备份失败";
}

$conn->close();
?>

恢复数据库：

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

// 创建连接
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

// 检查连接
if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("连接失败: " . $conn->connect_error);
}

// 恢复数据库
$backup_file = "backup_2021-06-01_12-34-56.sql";
$command = "mysql --user=" . $username . " --password=" . $password . " " . $dbname . " < " . $backup_file;
exec($command, $output, $return_var);

if ($return_var === 0) {
    echo "数据库恢复成功";
} else {
    echo "数据库恢复失败";
}

$conn->close();
?>

2. 使用PDO扩展：

备份数据库：

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

try {
    $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

    $backup_file = "backup_" . date("Y-m-d_H-i-s") . ".sql";
    $command = "mysqldump --user=" . $username . " --password=" . $password . " --single-transaction " . $dbname . " > " . $backup_file;
    exec($command, $output, $return_var);

    if ($return_var === 0) {
        echo "数据库备份成功: " . $backup_file;
    } else {
        echo "数据库备份失败";
    }
} catch(PDOException $e) {
    echo "连接失败: " . $e->getMessage();
}

$conn = null;
?>

恢复数据库：

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "username";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "myDB";

try {
    $conn = new PDO("mysql:host=$servername;dbname=$dbname", $username, $password);
    $conn->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);

    $backup_file = "backup_2021-06-01_12-34-56.sql";
    $command = "mysql --user=" . $username . " --password=" . $password . " " . $dbname . " < " . $backup_file;
    exec($command, $output, $return_var);

    if ($return_var === 0) {
        echo "数据库恢复成功";
    } else {
        echo "数据库恢复失败";
    }
} catch(PDOException $e) {
    echo "连接失败: " . $e->getMessage();
}

$conn = null;
?>

请注意，这些示例代码需要在PHP环境中运行，并确保已经安装了相应的扩展。同时，为了提高安全性，建议在实际应用中对用户输入进行验证和过滤，以防止潜在的安全风险。