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在上一篇已经是学习如何搭建一个公共组件,可以拷贝到任何项目里面,实现权限的管理工作,今天再次学习下公共组件的使用
在中间件中,通过导入项目的setting文件,从里面导入变量信息,所以我们在setting里面设置了如下变量信息:
# ############################## RBAC权限相关配置开始 ##############################
# # 无需权限控制的URL
RBAC_NO_AUTH_URL = [
'/login.html',
'/index.html',
'/register.html',
'/admin.*',
'/rbac.*',
]
# session中保存权限信息的Key
RBAC_PERMISSION_SESSION_KEY = "rbac_permission_session_key"
# Http请求中传入的参数,根据其获取GET、POST、EDIT等检测用户是否具有相应权限
# 例如:
# http://www.example.com?md=get 表示获取
# http://www.example.com?md=post 表示添加
# http://www.example.com?md=del 表示删除
RBAC_QUERY_KEY = "md"
RBAC_DEFAULT_QUERY_VALUE = "look"
# 无权访问时,页面提示信息
RBAC_PERMISSION_MSG = "无权限访问"
# Session中保存菜单和权限信息的Key
RBAC_MENU_PERMISSION_SESSION_KEY = "rbac_menu_permission_session_key"
RBAC_MENU_KEY = "rbac_menu_key"
RBAC_MENU_PERMISSION_KEY = "rbac_menu_permission_key"
# 菜单主题
RBAC_THEME = "default"
# ############################## RBAC权限相关配置结束 ##############################
程序如果使用的话,是需要先登陆的,RBAC_NO_AUTH_URL
这个里面设置了登陆的白名单。下面第一步先设置一个登陆页面
templates
下面新建一个login.html页面
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from web import models
def login(request):
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request,'login.html')
else:
u = request.POST.get('username')
p = request.POST.get('password')
obj = models.UserInfo.objects.filter(user__username=u,user__password=p).first()#当前用户的对象这个对象里面有obj.id ,obj_nickname,obj.user_id
if obj:
#获取当前用户的权限
#获取当前用户的菜单
#去配置文件中获取key,写入session中
from rbac.service import initial_permission
initial_permission(request,obj.user_id)
#也可以自定义session
request.session['user_info'] = {'username':u,'nickname':obj.nickname,'uid':obj.id}
return redirect('/bgindex.html')
else:
return render(request,'login.html')
>上面导入了一个模块,这service.py模块中封装了权限和菜单,其中的代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import re
from django.conf import settings
from . import models
def initial_permission(request, user_id):
"""
初始化权限,获取当前用户权限并添加到session中
将当前用户权限信息转换为以下格式,并将其添加到Session中
{
'/index.html': ['GET','POST','DEL','EDIT],
'/detail-(\d+).html': ['GET','POST','DEL','EDIT],
}
:param request: 请求对象
:param user_id: 当前用户id
:return:
"""
"""初始化权限信息"""
roles = models.Role.objects.filter(users__user_id=user_id)
p2a = models.Permission2Action2Role.objects.filter(role__in=roles).values('permission__url',
"action__code").distinct()
user_permission_dict = {}
for item in p2a:
if item['permission__url'] in user_permission_dict:
user_permission_dict[item['permission__url']].append(item['action__code'])
else:
user_permission_dict[item['permission__url']] = [item['action__code'], ]
request.session[settings.RBAC_PERMISSION_SESSION_KEY] = user_permission_dict
"""初始化菜单信息,将菜单信息和权限信息添加到session中"""
menu_list = list(models.Menu.objects.values('id', 'caption', 'parent_id'))
menu_permission_list = list(models.Permission2Action2Role.objects.filter(role__in=roles,
permission__menu__isnull=False).values(
'permission_id',
'permission__url',
'permission__caption',
'permission__menu_id').distinct())
request.session[settings.RBAC_MENU_PERMISSION_SESSION_KEY] = {
settings.RBAC_MENU_KEY: menu_list,
settings.RBAC_MENU_PERMISSION_KEY: menu_permission_list
}
def fetch_permission_code(request, url):
"""
根据URL获取该URL拥有的权限,如:["GET","POST"]
:param request:
:param url:
:return:
"""
user_permission_dict = request.session.get(settings.RBAC_PERMISSION_SESSION_KEY)
if not user_permission_dict:
return []
for pattern, code_list in user_permission_dict.items():
if re.match(pattern, url):
return code_list
return []
- ** bgindex**页面搭建
bgindex是后台的管理页面,这个页面是根据登陆用户的权限来显示对应的内容。这里是走中间件了,所以中间件会执行筛查的工作,中间件中的代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python
import re
from django.conf import settings
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
class RbacMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):
def process_request(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
"""
检查用户是否具有权限访问当前URL
:param request:
:param args:
:param kwargs:
:return:
"""
"""跳过无需权限访问的URL"""
for pattern in settings.RBAC_NO_AUTH_URL:
if re.match(pattern, request.path_info):
return None
"""获取当前用户session中的权限信息"""
permission_dict = request.session.get(settings.RBAC_PERMISSION_SESSION_KEY)
if not permission_dict:
return HttpResponse(settings.RBAC_PERMISSION_MSG)
"""当前URL和session中的权限进行匹配"""
flag = False
for pattern, code_list in permission_dict.items():
upper_code_list = [item.upper() for item in code_list]
if re.match(pattern, request.path_info):
request_permission_code = request.GET.get(settings.RBAC_QUERY_KEY, settings.RBAC_DEFAULT_QUERY_VALUE).upper()
if request_permission_code in upper_code_list:
request.permission_code = request_permission_code
request.permission_code_list = upper_code_list
flag = True
break
if not flag:
return HttpResponse(settings.RBAC_PERMISSION_MSG)
通过中间件的筛查后,我们可以得到值,然后对值进行判断来操作,如下:
上面是FBV模式,我们也可以做成CBV模式如下:
dispatch是这样的工作模式:
![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201805/17/d3b613c271249192498f222e6980b84f.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
我们自己写一个,让dispatch自己走咱们自己写的规则,多继承,会执行前面的继承,前面执行了,后面的里面的dispatch就不会执行
![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201805/17/1c5ddfdb763e7cbd45c710aa2248f5a8.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
![](https://s1.51cto.com/images/blog/201805/17/d429cda4c38f86fb3276e2ec04b266ed.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)
首先在web的数据库里面创建表
from django.db import models
from rbac.models import User as RbacUser
import datetime
class UserInfo(models.Model):
nickname = models.CharField(max_length=16)
user = models.OneToOneField(RbacUser,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
def __str__(self):
return self.nickname
class Order(models.Model):
"""
保障单
"""
title = models.CharField(max_length=32,verbose_name='保障标题')
detail = models.TextField(verbose_name='保障详细信息')
create_user = models.ForeignKey(UserInfo,related_name='aaa',on_delete=models.CASCADE)
ctime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name='创建时间')
status_choice=(
(1,'未处理'),
(2,'处理中'),
(3,'已处理')
)
status = models.IntegerField(choices=status_choice,default=1)
processor = models.ForeignKey(UserInfo,related_name='bbb',null=True,blank=True,on_delete=models.CASCADE)
solution = models.TextField(null=True,blank=True)
ptime = models.DateTimeField(null=True,blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.title
然后在setting里面注册web,
注册成功后,生成数据库表
>python3 manage.py makemigrations
>python3 manage.py migrate
通过admin 来后台添加数据
数据的添加-------------------------------------------
下面是simple_tag 代码:
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import re
import os
from django import template
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
from django.conf import settings
register = template.Library()
def process_menu_tree_data(request):
"""
根据Session中获取的菜单以及权限信息,结构化数据,生成特殊数据结构,如:
[
{id:1,caption:'菜单标题',parent_id:None,status:False,opened:False,child:[...]},
]
PS: 最后一层的权限会有url,即:菜单跳转的地址
:param request:
:return:
"""
menu_permission_dict = request.session.get(settings.RBAC_MENU_PERMISSION_SESSION_KEY)
if not menu_permission_dict:
raise Exception('Session中未保存当前用户菜单以及权限信息,请登录后初始化权限信息!')
""" session中获取菜单和权限信息 """
all_menu_list = menu_permission_dict[settings.RBAC_MENU_KEY]
menu_permission_list = menu_permission_dict[settings.RBAC_MENU_PERMISSION_KEY]
all_menu_dict = {}
for row in all_menu_list:
row['opened'] = False
row['status'] = False
row['child'] = []
all_menu_dict[row['id']] = row
""" 将权限信息挂靠在菜单上,并设置是否默认打开,以及默认显示 """
for per in menu_permission_list:
item = {'id': per['permission_id'], 'caption': per['permission__caption'], 'url': per['permission__url'],
'parent_id': per['permission__menu_id'],
'opened': False,
'status': True}
menu_id = item['parent_id']
all_menu_dict[menu_id]['child'].append(item)
# 将当前URL和权限正则进行匹配,用于指示是否默认打开菜单
if re.match(item['url'], request.path_info):
item['opened'] = True
if item['opened']:
pid = menu_id
while not all_menu_dict[pid]['opened']:
all_menu_dict[pid]['opened'] = True
pid = all_menu_dict[pid]['parent_id']
if not pid:
break
if item['status']:
pid = menu_id
while not all_menu_dict[pid]['status']:
all_menu_dict[pid]['status'] = True
pid = all_menu_dict[pid]['parent_id']
if not pid:
break
result = []
for row in all_menu_list:
pid = row['parent_id']
if pid:
all_menu_dict[pid]['child'].append(row)
else:
result.append(row)
return result
def build_menu_tree_html(menu_list):
tpl1 = """
<div class='rbac-menu-item'>
<div class='rbac-menu-header'>{0}</div>
<div class='rbac-menu-body {2}'>{1}</div>
</div>
"""
tpl2 = """
<a href='{0}' class='{1}'>{2}</a>
"""
menu_str = ""
for menu in menu_list:
if not menu['status']:
continue
if menu.get('url'):
menu_str += tpl2.format(menu['url'], "" if menu['opened'] else 'rbac-active', menu['caption'])
else:
if menu.get('child'):
child = build_menu_tree_html(menu.get('child'))
else:
child = ""
menu_str += tpl1.format(menu['caption'], child, "" if menu['opened'] else 'rbac-hide')
return menu_str
@register.simple_tag
def rbac_menu(request):
"""
根据Session中当前用户的菜单信息以及当前URL生成菜单
:param request: 请求对象
:return:
"""
menu_tree_list = process_menu_tree_data(request)
return mark_safe(build_menu_tree_html(menu_tree_list))
@register.simple_tag
def rbac_css():
file_path = os.path.join('rbac', 'theme', settings.RBAC_THEME, 'rbac.css')
if os.path.exists(file_path):
return mark_safe(open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8').read())
else:
raise Exception('rbac主题CSS文件不存在')
@register.simple_tag
def rbac_js():
file_path = os.path.join('rbac', 'theme', settings.RBAC_THEME, 'rbac.js')
if os.path.exists(file_path):
return mark_safe(open(file_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8').read())
else:
raise Exception('rbac主题JavaScript文件不存在')
当点击保障单的时候,会跳转到新的保障单的页面,
但是这里要带参数url md的方法,上面代码 我们在中间件里面的默认值是GET,我们可以通过设置配置文件和中间件来修改默认值
配置文件修改:
中间件修改
当点击了保障单后,跳转到新的url,这里需要创建新的url路由。
新的页面通过模板语言,导入来实现格式
在后台给order表添加数据后,前端访问会出现数据
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