ZooKeeper是一个分布式协调服务,它可以用来实现分布式锁。以下是使用ZooKeeper实现分布式锁的基本步骤:
首先,你需要创建一个ZooKeeper客户端连接到ZooKeeper集群。
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper;
public class ZooKeeperClient {
private static final String ZK_ADDRESS = "localhost:2181";
private static final int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 3000;
private ZooKeeper zk;
public ZooKeeperClient() throws IOException {
zk = new ZooKeeper(ZK_ADDRESS, SESSION_TIMEOUT, event -> {
// 处理连接事件
});
}
public ZooKeeper getZk() {
return zk;
}
}
在ZooKeeper中创建一个临时顺序节点来表示锁。
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.ZooDefs;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
public class DistributedLock {
private static final String LOCK_ROOT = "/locks";
private static final String LOCK_NODE = LOCK_ROOT + "/lock_";
private ZooKeeper zk;
private String lockPath;
public DistributedLock(ZooKeeper zk) {
this.zk = zk;
try {
// 创建锁的根节点
Stat stat = zk.exists(LOCK_ROOT, false);
if (stat == null) {
zk.create(LOCK_ROOT, new byte[0], ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void lock() throws Exception {
lockPath = zk.create(LOCK_NODE, new byte[0], ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
while (true) {
List<String> children = zk.getChildren(LOCK_ROOT, false);
Collections.sort(children);
if (lockPath.endsWith(children.get(0))) {
// 获取到锁
return;
} else {
// 监听前一个节点的删除事件
String previousNode = getPreviousNode(children, lockPath);
Stat stat = zk.exists(LOCK_ROOT + "/" + previousNode, event -> {
if (event.getType() == Watcher.Event.EventType.NodeDeleted) {
synchronized (this) {
notifyAll();
}
}
});
if (stat != null) {
wait();
}
}
}
}
private String getPreviousNode(List<String> children, String currentNode) {
int index = children.indexOf(currentNode.substring(LOCK_ROOT.length() + 1));
return children.get(index - 1);
}
public void unlock() throws Exception {
if (lockPath != null) {
zk.delete(lockPath, -1);
lockPath = null;
}
}
}
在你的分布式应用中使用这个锁来保证操作的原子性。
public class DistributedApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ZooKeeperClient zkClient = new ZooKeeperClient();
DistributedLock lock = new DistributedLock(zkClient.getZk());
lock.lock();
// 执行需要加锁的操作
System.out.println("Lock acquired, performing operation...");
// 模拟操作时间
Thread.sleep(5000);
lock.unlock();
System.out.println("Lock released.");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
通过以上步骤,你可以利用ZooKeeper实现一个基本的分布式锁。根据具体需求,你可能还需要进一步优化和扩展这个实现。