PHP在Ubuntu上如何实现文件上传 - 问答

在Ubuntu上使用PHP实现文件上传，你需要遵循以下步骤：

创建一个HTML表单，用于上传文件：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>File Upload</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        Select file to upload:
        <input type="file" name="fileToUpload" id="fileToUpload">
        <input type="submit" value="Upload File" name="submit">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

创建一个名为upload.php的PHP文件，用于处理文件上传：

<?php
$target_dir = "uploads/";
$target_file = $target_dir . basename($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"]);
$uploadOk = 1;
$imageFileType = strtolower(pathinfo($target_file,PATHINFO_EXTENSION));

// Check if image file is an actual image or fake image
if(isset($_POST["submit"])) {
    $check = getimagesize($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"]);
    if($check !== false) {
        echo "File is an image - " . $check["mime"] . ".";
        $uploadOk = 1;
    } else {
        echo "File is not an image.";
        $uploadOk = 0;
    }
}

// Check if file already exists
if (file_exists($target_file)) {
    echo "Sorry, file already exists.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Check file size
if ($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["size"] > 500000) {
    echo "Sorry, your file is too large.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Allow certain file formats
if($imageFileType != "jpg" && $imageFileType != "png" && $imageFileType != "jpeg"
&& $imageFileType != "gif" ) {
    echo "Sorry, only JPG, JPEG, PNG & GIF files are allowed.";
    $uploadOk = 0;
}

// Check if $uploadOk is set to 0 by an error
if ($uploadOk == 0) {
    echo "Sorry, your file was not uploaded.";
// if everything is ok, try to upload file
} else {
    if (move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], $target_file)) {
        echo "The file ". htmlspecialchars( basename( $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"])). " has been uploaded.";
    } else {
        echo "Sorry, there was an error uploading your file.";
    }
}
?>

确保uploads目录存在并具有适当的权限，以便PHP脚本可以将文件上传到该目录。在终端中运行以下命令：

sudo mkdir uploads
sudo chmod 755 uploads

运行你的PHP脚本：

将HTML文件保存为index.html，并将PHP文件保存为upload.php。将这两个文件放在你的Web服务器的根目录（例如/var/www/html）中。然后，在浏览器中访问http://your_server_ip/index.html，你应该能够看到文件上传表单。选择一个文件并单击“上传文件”按钮，文件将被上传到uploads目录。

注意：在生产环境中，你可能需要考虑更多的安全措施，例如检查用户输入、限制上传文件的大小和类型以及使用更安全的文件名。

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