在CentOS上编写Rust脚本时,掌握一些基本的技巧和最佳实践可以帮助你编写出更高效、更安全的代码。以下是一些有用的技巧和步骤:
rustup
安装Rust。在终端中执行以下命令:curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
source $HOME/.cargo/env
cargo new hello_world
命令创建一个新的Rust项目,并进入项目目录:cargo new hello_world
cd hello_world
src/main.rs
文件中编写你的Rust代码。例如,一个简单的“Hello, world!”程序:fn main() {
println!("Hello, world!");
}
cargo build
cargo run
enum WebEvent {
PageLoad,
PageUnload,
Click { x: i64, y: i64 },
Paste(String),
KeyPress(char),
}
fn inspect(event: WebEvent) {
match event {
WebEvent::PageLoad => println!("page loaded"),
WebEvent::PageUnload => println!("page unloaded"),
WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!("clicked at x={}, y={}", x, y),
WebEvent::Paste(s) => println!("pasted: {}", s),
WebEvent::KeyPress(c) => println!("pressed '{}'", c),
}
}
let s = String::from("hello");
let len = s.len(); // 使用标准库函数获取字符串长度
let mut v = vec![1, 2, 3];
v.push(4); // 在必要时才进行内存分配
let v = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
let evens: Vec<_> = v.iter().filter(|x| x % 2 == 0).collect();
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
#[test]
fn it_works() {
assert_eq!(2 + 2, 4);
}
}
async
和 await
关键字可以轻松实现异步操作。use tokio::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream};
use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
let listener = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1:8080").await?;
loop {
let (mut socket, _) = listener.accept().await?;
tokio::spawn(async move {
let mut buf = [0; 1024];
loop {
let bytes_read = match socket.read(&mut buf).await {
Ok(n) if n == 0 => return,
Ok(n) => n,
Err(e) => {
eprintln!("Failed to read from socket: {:?}", e);
return;
}
};
// Write the data back
if let Err(e) = socket.write_all(&buf[..bytes_read]).await {
eprintln!("Failed to write to socket: {:?}", e);
return;
}
}
});
}
}
通过以上步骤和技巧,你可以在CentOS上成功编写和运行Rust脚本。不断实践和学习,你将能够掌握更多高级技巧,编写出更高质量的Rust代码。