在Ubuntu上配置Kafka消费者涉及多个步骤,包括安装必要的软件、配置Kafka和Zookeeper,以及创建和运行消费者应用程序。以下是一个详细的指南:
首先,确保你的系统上安装了Java运行时环境。你可以使用以下命令来安装OpenJDK 8:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openjdk-8-jdk
java -version
下载并解压Zookeeper:
wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.6/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
tar -xzvf zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
sudo mv zookeeper-3.4.6 /usr/local/zookeeper
配置Zookeeper:
sudo nano /usr/local/zookeeper/conf/zoo.cfg
添加以下内容:
tickTime=2000
dataDir=/var/lib/zookeeper
clientPort=2181
启动Zookeeper:
sudo /usr/local/zookeeper/bin/zkServer.sh start
验证Zookeeper是否启动成功:
sudo netstat -nap | grep 2181
下载并解压Kafka:
wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/kafka/2.1.0/kafka_2.11-2.1.0.tgz
tar -xzvf kafka_2.11-2.1.0.tgz
sudo mv kafka_2.11-2.1.0 /opt/kafka
配置Kafka:
sudo nano /opt/kafka/config/server.properties
确保以下配置正确:
broker.id=0
listeners=PLAINTEXT://:9092
log.dirs=/opt/kafka/data
zookeeper.connect=localhost:2181
delete.topic.enable=true
启动Kafka服务:
sudo /opt/kafka/bin/zookeeper-server-start.sh ../config/zookeeper.properties
sudo /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-server-start.sh ../config/server.properties
验证Kafka是否启动成功:
sudo netstat -an | grep 9092
创建一个测试Topic:
sudo /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic test
验证Topic是否创建成功:
sudo /opt/kafka/bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181
在消费者应用程序中,你需要指定消费者组ID。以下是一个使用Kafka-Python客户端的示例:
from kafka import KafkaConsumer
consumer = KafkaConsumer(
'test',
bootstrap_servers='localhost:9092',
group_id='my-consumer-group'
)
for msg in consumer:
print(msg.value)
运行你的消费者应用程序,确保它能够加入消费者组并消费消息。
如果你使用Spring Boot,可以参考以下示例代码:
@Component
@Slf4j
public class MessageReceiveListener {
@KafkaListener(topics = "ifaas-test", containerFactory = "ifaasContainerFactory")
public void receiveMessage1(ListConsumerRecord consumerRecords, Acknowledgment ack) {
try {
log.info("receiveMessage1 接收的kafka消息:" + consumerRecords.size());
ack.acknowledge();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("kafka失败消息:{}", JSON.toJSONString(consumerRecords));
}
}
@Bean("ifaasContainerFactory")
public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> ifaasContainerFactory() {
ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
Map<String, Object> props = staticConsumerProps("localhost:9092", "my-consumer-group");
props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, "latest");
factory.setConsumerFactory(new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(props));
factory.getContainerProperties().setAckMode(ContainerProperties.AckMode.MANUAL);
factory.setBatchListener(true);
factory.setConcurrency(1);
return factory;
}
private Map<String, Object> staticConsumerProps(String servers, String groupId) {
Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, servers);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.ENABLE_AUTO_COMMIT_CONFIG, false);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.SESSION_TIMEOUT_MS_CONFIG, 300000);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS_CONFIG, 350000);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL_MS_CONFIG, 3000);
props.put(ConsumerConfig.MAX_POLL_INTERVAL_MS_CONFIG, 4000);
return props;
}
}
以上步骤应该帮助你在Ubuntu上配置Kafka消费者。如果在配置过程中遇到问题,请检查日志文件以获取更多信息。