在Ubuntu上实现MySQL集群部署,通常会选择使用MySQL的复制功能或者更高级的集群解决方案如MySQL Group Replication、Galera Cluster等。以下是使用MySQL Group Replication进行集群部署的基本步骤:
在所有节点上安装MySQL服务器:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install mysql-server
编辑MySQL配置文件/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
(或/etc/my.cnf
),添加以下内容:
[mysqld]
server-id = 1 # 每个节点的唯一ID
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
binlog_checksum = NONE
binlog_format = ROW
transaction_write_set_extraction = XXHASH64
master_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
binlog_gtid_simple_recovery = ON
gtid_slave_pos = ON
rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = 1
rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = 1
在所有节点上启动MySQL服务:
sudo systemctl start mysql
sudo systemctl enable mysql
在主节点上创建一个用于复制的用户:
CREATE USER 'replicator'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replicator'@'%';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
在主节点上锁定数据库并获取当前的GTID位置:
FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
SHOW MASTER STATUS;
记下File
和Position
的值。
在每个从节点上配置复制:
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='master_ip',
MASTER_USER='replicator',
MASTER_PASSWORD='password',
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
START SLAVE;
将master_ip
替换为主节点的IP地址。
在每个节点上启用Group Replication插件并配置集群:
INSTALL PLUGIN group_replication SONAME 'group_replication.so';
SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF;
SET GLOBAL group_replication_start_on_boot=OFF;
CREATE USER 'repl'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';
GRANT GROUP_REPLICATION_LOCAL_WRITE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';
GRANT GROUP_REPLICATION_MEMBER ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%';
SET GLOBAL group_replication_group_name="aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-dddd-eeeeeeeeeeee";
SET GLOBAL group_replication_single_primary_mode=ON;
SET GLOBAL group_replication_local_address="node_ip:33061";
SET GLOBAL group_replication_group_seeds="node_ip:33061,node_ip:33062,node_ip:33063";
SET GLOBAL master_info_repository=TABLE;
SET GLOBAL relay_log_info_repository=TABLE;
SET GLOBAL transaction_write_set_extraction=XXHASH64;
将node_ip
替换为节点的IP地址,33061
, 33062
, 33063
等替换为不同的端口。
在其中一个节点上启动Group Replication:
SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=ON;
START GROUP_REPLICATION;
SET GLOBAL group_replication_bootstrap_group=OFF;
在每个节点上检查Group Replication的状态:
SELECT * FROM performance_schema.replication_group_members;
通过以上步骤,你可以在Ubuntu上实现MySQL的集群部署。根据具体需求,可能还需要进行更多的配置和优化。