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Explain and Index
explain有三种模式,分别是:queryPlanner、executionStats、allPlansExecution。现实开发中,常用executionStats模式,本例分析这种模式。
> db.createCollection("person")
{ "ok" : 1 }
> for(var i=0;i<2000000;i++) {
... db.person.insert({"name":"ryan"+i,"age":i})
... }
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.person.find({"age":{"$lte":2000}}).explain("executionStats")
{ "queryPlanner" : { "plannerVersion" : 1, "namespace" : "test.person", "indexFilterSet" : false, "parsedQuery" : { "age" : { "$lte" : 2000 } }, "winningPlan" : { "stage" : "COLLSCAN", "COLLSCAN"表示全表扫描 "filter" : { "age" : { "$lte" : 2000 } }, "direction" : "forward" }, "rejectedPlans" : [ ] }, "executionStats" : { "executionSuccess" : true, "nReturned" : 2001, 表示查询返回的条目数 "executionTimeMillis" : 741, 表示执行语句的执行时间 "totalKeysExamined" : 0, "totalDocsExamined" : 2000000, 表示 文档扫描的条目数 "executionStages" : { "stage" : "COLLSCAN", "filter" : { "age" : { "$lte" : 2000 } }, "nReturned" : 2001, "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 530, 表示整体的查询时间 "works" : 2000002, "advanced" : 2001, "needTime" : 1998000, "needYield" : 0, "saveState" : 15625, "restoreState" : 15625, "isEOF" : 1, "invalidates" : 0, "direction" : "forward", "docsExamined" : 2000000 } }, "serverInfo" : { "host" : "meteor.yeecall.com", "port" : 27027, "version" : "3.2.8", "gitVersion" : "ed70e33130c977bda0024c125b56d159573dbaf0" }, "ok" : 1 }
> db.person.ensureIndex({age:1}) 创建索引,“1”:表示按照age进行升序,“-1”:表示按照age进行降序
创建索引时ensureIndex({field:1},{name:"indexName"}) 可以指定索引的名称
也可以后台创建索引: db.collection.ensureIndex({name:-1},{background:true})
{ "createdCollectionAutomatically" : false, "numIndexesBefore" : 1, "numIndexesAfter" : 2, "ok" : 1 }
> db.person.find({"age":{"$lte":2001}}).explain("executionStats")
{ "queryPlanner" : { "plannerVersion" : 1, "namespace" : "test.person", 返回所查询的表 "indexFilterSet" : false, 针对该query是否有indexfilter "parsedQuery" : { "age" : { "$lte" : 2001 } }, "winningPlan" : { 查询优化器针对该query所返回的最优执行计划的详细内容 "stage" : "FETCH", "inputStage" : { "stage" : "IXSCAN", "keyPattern" : { "age" : 1 }, "indexName" : "age_1", "isMultiKey" : false, "isUnique" : false, "isSparse" : false, "isPartial" : false, "indexVersion" : 1, "direction" : "forward", "indexBounds" : { "age" : [ "[-inf.0, 2001.0]" ] } } }, "rejectedPlans" : [ ] }, "executionStats" : { "executionSuccess" : true, "nReturned" : 2002, 表示本次查询返回的条目数 "executionTimeMillis" : 28, 表示本次query整体查询的时间 "totalKeysExamined" : 2002, 表示索引扫描的条目数 "totalDocsExamined" : 2002, 表示文档扫描的条目数 "executionStages" : { "stage" : "FETCH", "nReturned" : 2002, "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 10, 表示本次查询根据index检索document获得结果数据的时间 "works" : 2003, "advanced" : 2002, "needTime" : 0, "needYield" : 0, "saveState" : 15, "restoreState" : 15, "isEOF" : 1, "invalidates" : 0, "docsExamined" : 2002, "alreadyHasObj" : 0, "inputStage" : { "stage" : "IXSCAN", "nReturned" : 2002, "executionTimeMillisEstimate" : 0, 表示该查询扫描2002行index所用的时间 "works" : 2003, "advanced" : 2002, "needTime" : 0, "needYield" : 0, "saveState" : 15, "restoreState" : 15, "isEOF" : 1, "invalidates" : 0, "keyPattern" : { "age" : 1 }, "indexName" : "age_1", "isMultiKey" : false, "isUnique" : false, "isSparse" : false, "isPartial" : false, "indexVersion" : 1, "direction" : "forward", "indexBounds" : { "age" : [ "[-inf.0, 2001.0]" ] }, "keysExamined" : 2002, "dupsTested" : 0, "dupsDropped" : 0, "seenInvalidated" : 0 } } }, "serverInfo" : { "host" : "meteor.yeecall.com", "port" : 27027, "version" : "3.2.8", "gitVersion" : "ed70e33130c977bda0024c125b56d159573dbaf0" }, "ok" : 1 }
>
影响 totalKeysExamined 和 totalDocsExamined 的是 stage 类型。
类型列举如下:
COLLSCAN:全表扫描
IXSCAN:索引扫描
FETCH:根据索引去检索指定document
SHARD_MERGE:将各个分片返回数据进行merge
SORT:表明在内存中进行了排序
LIMIT:使用limit限制返回数
SKIP:使用skip进行跳过
IDHACK:针对_id进行查询
SHARDING_FILTER:通过mongos对分片数据进行查询
COUNT:利用db.coll.explain().count()之类进行count运算
COUNTSCAN:count不使用Index进行count时的stage返回
COUNT_SCAN:count使用了Index进行count时的stage返回
SUBPLA:未使用到索引的$or查询的stage返回
TEXT:使用全文索引进行查询时候的stage返回
PROJECTION:限定返回字段时候stage的返回
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