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安装前：
[root@ntpserver ~]# more /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
[root@ntp-server ~]# ps -ef|grep ntp
root 18054 17742 0 15:53 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto ntp
[root@ntp-server ~]# ll /etc/|grep ntp
[root@ntp-server ~]# ntpdate
-bash: ntpdate: 未找到命令
[root@ntp-server ~]# systemctl status ntpd
Unit ntpd.service could not be found.ntp server ip为172.27.9.131，操作系统版本为centos 7.6，安装前无ntp服务，/etc目录下也没有相关ntp文件，也没有ntpdate命令
安装：
[root@ntp-server ~]# yum -y install ntp
[root@ntp-server ~]# ps -ef|grep ntp
root 18225 17742 0 16:00 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto ntp
[root@ntp-server ~]# ll /etc/|grep ntp
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 52 11月 5 15:59 ntp
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2000 8月 6 21:44 ntp.conf
[root@ntp-server ~]# ntpdate
5 Nov 16:01:04 ntpdate[18240]: no servers can be used, exiting
[root@ntp-server ~]# systemctl status ntpd
● ntpd.service - Network Time Service
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
新建配置文件ntp-source.conf
[root@ntp-server ~]# cat >/etc/ntp/ntp-source.conf <<EOF
server ntp.ntsc.ac.cn prefer
server ntp1.aliyun.com iburst
server time1.cloud.tencent.com iburst
server 0.cn.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 1.cn.pool.ntp.org iburst
server 2.cn.pool.ntp.org iburst
> EOFntp.ntsc.ac.cn为国家授时中心域名（优先选用该ntp源），ntp1.aliyun.com为阿里云ntp服务器，time1.cloud.tencent.com为腾讯云ntp服务器，0.cn.pool.ntp.org等为ntp官网中国地区ntp服务器。
修改配置文件ntp.conf
#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
includefile /etc/ntp/ntp-source.conf时钟源调用配置文件/etc/ntp/ntp-source.conf
启动服务
[root@ntp-server ~]# systemctl start ntpd
[root@ntp-server ~]# systemctl enable ntpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ntpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service.
[root@ntp-server ~]# systemctl is-enabled chronyd.service
enabled
[root@ntp-server ~]# systemctl disable chronyd.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/chronyd.service.启动ntp服务并设置开机启动， 如果 chrony 被设置为开机启动则移除， Centos7中默认使用chrony来实现时间同步 ， chrony与ntpd冲突，可能引起ntpd开启启动失败
ntp服务查看
[root@ntpserver ~]# ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
*114.118.7.161 123.139.33.3 2 u 36 64 77 23.196 6.770 1.028
+120.25.115.20 10.137.53.7 2 u 24 64 77 20.913 6.897 1.506
-139.199.215.251 100.122.36.196 2 u 22 64 77 21.854 8.122 1.458
-119.28.183.184 100.122.36.196 2 u 19 64 77 33.594 4.266 2.011
+ntp6.flashdance 194.58.202.148 2 u 91 64 72 268.044 6.483 1.516
+119.28.206.193 100.122.36.4 2 u 20 64 77 32.332 7.080 1.344
[root@ntpserver ~]# ntpstat
synchronised to NTP server (114.118.7.161) at stratum 3
time correct to within 996 ms
polling server every 64 sntpq -p和ntpstat命令可以查看ntp同步状态，每64秒同步一次
ntpq -p详解
remote状态标识详解
ntp端口查看
[root@ntpserver ~]# netstat -nupl
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
udp 0 0 172.27.9.131:123 0.0.0.0:* 17174/ntpd
udp 0 0 127.0.0.1:123 0.0.0.0:* 17174/ntpd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:123 0.0.0.0:* 17174/ntpd
udp6 0 0 fe80::20c:29ff:fed9:123 :::* 17174/ntpd
udp6 0 0 ::1:123 :::* 17174/ntpd
udp6 0 0 :::123 :::* 17174/ntpd ntp服务端口为123，协议为UDP
安装和启动同ntp server，配置如下：
[root@centos7 ~]# view /etc/ntp.conf
#server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
#server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst
server ntpserver iburst
[root@centos7 ~]# view /etc/hosts
172.27.9.131 ntpserver
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable ntpd
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start ntpd
[root@centos7 ~]# ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
*ntpserver 114.118.7.161 3 u 1 64 3 0.221 12.641 0.495
[root@centos7 ~]# ntpstat
synchronised to NTP server (172.27.9.131) at stratum 4
time correct to within 1049 ms
polling server every 64 sroot@ubuntu1604:~# view /etc/hosts
root@ubuntu1604:~# apt install -y ntp
root@ubuntu1604:~# view /etc/ntp.conf
root@ubuntu1604:~# systemctl enable ntp
ntp.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install
Executing /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable ntp
root@ubuntu1604:~# systemctl start ntp
root@ubuntu1604:~# ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
*ntpserver 114.118.7.161 3 u 51 64 377 0.254 -4.194 1.090
安装ntp
suse11:~ # view /etc/hosts
172.27.9.131 ntpserver
suse11:~ # view /etc/ntp.conf
#server 127.127.1.0 # local clock (LCL)
#fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10 # LCL is unsynchronized
server ntpserver iburst
suse11:~ # service ntp restart
Shutting down network time protocol daemon (NTPD) done
Starting network time protocol daemon (NTPD) done
suse11:~ # ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
*ntpserver 114.118.7.161 3 u 1 64 1 0.223 2.271 0.285
suse11:~ # chkconfig ntp on
suse11:~ # chkconfig --list|grep ntp
ntp 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off默认为与本地同步，修改为与ntpserver同步。
aix:/ #view /etc/ntp.conf
driftfile /etc/ntp.drift
tracefile /etc/ntp.trace
server ntpserver
aix:/ #view /etc/hosts
172.27.9.131 ntpserver
aix:/ #stopsrc -s xntpd
0513-044 The /usr/sbin/xntpd Subsystem was requested to stop.
aix:/ #startsrc -s xntpd
0513-059 The xntpd Subsystem has been started. Subsystem PID is 1663192.
aix:/ #ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset disp
==============================================================================
*ntpserver 114.118.7.161 3 u 1 64 37 1.16 5.744 875.43
aix:/ #l***c -ls xntpd
Program name: /usr/sbin/xntpd
Version: 3
Leap indicator: 00 (No leap second today.)
Sys peer: ntpserver
Sys stratum: 4
Sys precision: -17
Debug/Tracing: DISABLED
Root distance: 0.051193
Root dispersion: 0.176468
Reference ID: 172.27.9.131
Reference time: e16e4fd5.e2945000 Thu, Nov 7 2019 16:09:57.885
Broadcast delay: 0.003906 (sec)
Auth delay: 0.000122 (sec)
System flags: pll monitor filegen
System uptime: 436 (sec)
Clock stability: 7.000000 (sec)
Clock frequency: 0.000000 (sec)
Peer: ntpserver
flags: (configured)(sys peer)
stratum: 3, version: 3
our mode: client, his mode: server
Subsystem Group PID Status
xntpd tcpip 1663192 active[root@redhat6 ~]# view /etc/hosts
172.27.9.131 ntpserver
[root@redhat6 ~]# view /etc/ntp.conf
server ntpserver iburst
[root@redhat6 ~]# service ntpd restart
Shutting down ntpd: [ OK ]
Starting ntpd: [ OK ]
[root@redhat6 ~]# ntpq -p
remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter
==============================================================================
*ntpserver 114.118.7.161 3 u 1 64 1 0.432 3.366 0.000
[root@redhat6 ~]# ntpstat
synchronised to NTP server (172.27.9.131) at stratum 4
time correct to within 8030 ms
polling server every 64 s
适用windows7和Windows Server 2008等
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl stop ntpd
[root@centos7 ~]# ntpdate ntpserver
7 Nov 16:33:02 ntpdate[2618]: adjust time server 172.27.9.131 offset -0.002048 sec
[root@centos7 ~]# crontab -l
0 1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate ntpserverntp服务和ntpdate命令不可同时使用，使用ntpdate之前，需要停止ntp服务。采用ntpdate命令方式进行时钟同步适用于suse、redhat、AIX、centos、ubuntu等操作系统，可做成定时任务每天定时同步。
ntpd服务方式和ntpdate命令方式都可以实现客户端的时钟同步，可根据生产情况择优选择。
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