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吃豆人(Pac-Man)是一款经典的街机游戏,最早由南梦宫(Namco)在1980年发布。游戏的目标是控制吃豆人在迷宫中吃掉所有豆子,同时躲避幽灵的追捕。本文将详细介绍如何使用JavaScript和HTML来实现一个简化版的吃豆人游戏。
在开始编写代码之前,我们需要规划一下项目的结构。一个典型的吃豆人游戏包含以下几个部分:
我们将创建一个简单的文件夹结构:
pacman-game/
│
├── index.html
├── style.css
└── script.js
首先,我们创建一个简单的HTML文件,用于定义游戏的基本结构。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Pac-Man Game</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="game-container">
<div id="game-board"></div>
<div id="score">Score: 0</div>
</div>
<script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
在这个HTML文件中,我们定义了一个game-container
,其中包含一个game-board
用于显示游戏地图,以及一个score
用于显示当前得分。
接下来,我们为游戏添加一些基本的样式。
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
background-color: #000;
color: #fff;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}
#game-container {
text-align: center;
}
#game-board {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(19, 20px);
grid-template-rows: repeat(19, 20px);
gap: 1px;
background-color: #000;
border: 2px solid #fff;
}
.cell {
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
background-color: #000;
}
.wall {
background-color: #0000ff;
}
.dot {
background-color: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.pacman {
background-color: #ff0;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.ghost {
background-color: #f00;
border-radius: 50%;
}
#score {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 24px;
}
在这个CSS文件中,我们定义了游戏的基本样式,包括游戏板的布局、墙壁、豆子、吃豆人和幽灵的样式。
首先,我们需要初始化游戏的基本参数,包括游戏地图、吃豆人和幽灵的位置。
const gameBoard = document.getElementById('game-board');
const scoreDisplay = document.getElementById('score');
let score = 0;
let pacman = { x: 9, y: 9 };
let ghosts = [
{ x: 8, y: 8 },
{ x: 10, y: 8 },
{ x: 8, y: 10 },
{ x: 10, y: 10 }
];
const map = [
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]
];
接下来,我们需要根据地图数组来生成游戏地图。
function createGameBoard() {
for (let y = 0; y < map.length; y++) {
for (let x = 0; x < map[y].length; x++) {
const cell = document.createElement('div');
cell.classList.add('cell');
if (map[y][x] === 1) {
cell.classList.add('wall');
} else if (map[y][x] === 0) {
cell.classList.add('dot');
}
gameBoard.appendChild(cell);
}
}
}
createGameBoard();
接下来,我们需要实现吃豆人的移动逻辑。
function movePacman(direction) {
let newX = pacman.x;
let newY = pacman.y;
if (direction === 'ArrowUp') {
newY--;
} else if (direction === 'ArrowDown') {
newY++;
} else if (direction === 'ArrowLeft') {
newX--;
} else if (direction === 'ArrowRight') {
newX++;
}
if (map[newY][newX] !== 1) {
pacman.x = newX;
pacman.y = newY;
checkCollision();
updateGameBoard();
}
}
document.addEventListener('keydown', (event) => {
movePacman(event.key);
});
接下来,我们需要实现幽灵的移动逻辑。
function moveGhosts() {
ghosts.forEach(ghost => {
const directions = [
{ x: ghost.x - 1, y: ghost.y },
{ x: ghost.x + 1, y: ghost.y },
{ x: ghost.x, y: ghost.y - 1 },
{ x: ghost.x, y: ghost.y + 1 }
];
const validDirections = directions.filter(dir => map[dir.y][dir.x] !== 1);
const randomDirection = validDirections[Math.floor(Math.random() * validDirections.length)];
ghost.x = randomDirection.x;
ghost.y = randomDirection.y;
});
checkCollision();
updateGameBoard();
}
setInterval(moveGhosts, 500);
我们需要检测吃豆人是否与幽灵或豆子发生碰撞。
function checkCollision() {
// Check collision with ghosts
ghosts.forEach(ghost => {
if (pacman.x === ghost.x && pacman.y === ghost.y) {
gameOver();
}
});
// Check collision with dots
if (map[pacman.y][pacman.x] === 0) {
map[pacman.y][pacman.x] = 2;
score += 10;
scoreDisplay.textContent = `Score: ${score}`;
}
}
我们需要一个游戏循环来不断更新游戏状态。
function updateGameBoard() {
const cells = document.querySelectorAll('.cell');
cells.forEach((cell, index) => {
const x = index % 19;
const y = Math.floor(index / 19);
cell.className = 'cell';
if (map[y][x] === 1) {
cell.classList.add('wall');
} else if (map[y][x] === 0) {
cell.classList.add('dot');
}
if (pacman.x === x && pacman.y === y) {
cell.classList.add('pacman');
}
ghosts.forEach(ghost => {
if (ghost.x === x && ghost.y === y) {
cell.classList.add('ghost');
}
});
});
}
最后,我们需要处理得分和游戏结束的逻辑。
function gameOver() {
alert(`Game Over! Your score is ${score}`);
resetGame();
}
function resetGame() {
score = 0;
scoreDisplay.textContent = `Score: ${score}`;
pacman = { x: 9, y: 9 };
ghosts = [
{ x: 8, y: 8 },
{ x: 10, y: 8 },
{ x: 8, y: 10 },
{ x: 10, y: 10 }
];
map.forEach((row, y) => {
row.forEach((cell, x) => {
if (cell === 2) {
map[y][x] = 0;
}
});
});
updateGameBoard();
}
以下是完整的代码:
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Pac-Man Game</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="game-container">
<div id="game-board"></div>
<div id="score">Score: 0</div>
</div>
<script src="script.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
style.css
body {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
height: 100vh;
margin: 0;
background-color: #000;
color: #fff;
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
}
#game-container {
text-align: center;
}
#game-board {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(19, 20px);
grid-template-rows: repeat(19, 20px);
gap: 1px;
background-color: #000;
border: 2px solid #fff;
}
.cell {
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
background-color: #000;
}
.wall {
background-color: #0000ff;
}
.dot {
background-color: #fff;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.pacman {
background-color: #ff0;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.ghost {
background-color: #f00;
border-radius: 50%;
}
#score {
margin-top: 20px;
font-size: 24px;
}
script.js
”`javascript const gameBoard = document.getElementById(‘game-board’); const scoreDisplay = document.getElementById(‘score’); let score = 0; let pacman = { x: 9, y: 9 }; let ghosts = [ { x: 8, y: 8 }, { x: 10, y: 8 }, { x: 8, y: 10 }, { x: 10, y: 10 } ]; const map = [ [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1,
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