es如何创建索引和mapping

发布时间:2023-02-25 17:33:12 作者:iii
来源:亿速云 阅读:256

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es创建索引和mapping

索引和type分开创建

1、创建index

http://127.0.0.1:9200/
negative/    put
{
  "settings": {
    "index": {
      "search": {
        "slowlog": {
          "threshold": {
            "fetch": {
              "debug": "5s"
            },
            "query": {
              "warn": "20s"
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "indexing": {
        "slowlog": {
          "threshold": {
            "index": {
              "info": "20s"
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "number_of_shards": "1",
      "number_of_replicas": "0"
    }
  }
}

2、创建mapping

http://127.0.0.1:9200/
negative/negative/_mapping  post
{"properties":{
  "id": {
    "type": "long"
  },
  "yjlb": {
    "type": "text",
    "fields": {
      "keyword": {
        "type": "keyword",
        "ignore_above": 256
      }
    }
  },
  "ejlb": {
    "type": "text",
    "fields": {
      "keyword": {
        "type": "keyword",
        "ignore_above": 256
      }
    }
  },
  "sjlb": {
    "type": "text",
    "fields": {
      "keyword": {
        "type": "keyword",
        "ignore_above": 256
      }
    }
  },
  "detail": {
    "type": "text",
    "fields": {
      "keyword": {
        "type": "keyword",
        "ignore_above": 256
      }
    }
  },
  "ssyj": {
    "type": "text",
    "fields": {
      "keyword": {
        "type": "keyword",
        "ignore_above": 256
      }
    }
  }
}}

索引和type一次创建

(注意:mapping下面一层的key值 是type名称)

http://192.168.0.213:9200/
announcement/    put
{
  "settings": {
    "index": {
      "search": {
        "slowlog": {
          "threshold": {
            "fetch": {
              "debug": "5s"
            },
            "query": {
              "warn": "20s"
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "indexing": {
        "slowlog": {
          "threshold": {
            "index": {
              "info": "20s"
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "number_of_shards": "1",
      "number_of_replicas": "0"
    }
  },
  "mappings": {
    "announcement": {
      "properties": {
        "id": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "createtime": {
          "type": "date",
          "format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"
        },
        "creatby": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "updatetime": {
          "type": "date",
          "format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"
        },
        "type": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "status": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "title": {
          "type": "text",
          "fields": {
            "keyword": {
              "type": "keyword",
              "ignore_above": 256
            }
          }
        },
        "cont": {
          "type": "text",
          "fields": {
            "keyword": {
              "type": "keyword",
              "ignore_above": 256
            }
          }
        },
        "files": {
          "type": "nested",
          "properties": {
            "id": {
              "type": "keyword"
            },
            "filename": {
              "type": "text",
              "fields": {
                "keyword": {
                  "type": "keyword",
                  "ignore_above": 256
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

更改elasticsearch中索引的mapping

昨天研发说在kibana中统计userid字段不出图,后来查到该字段显示冲突了,然后再查看了GET test/_mapping下该索引的mapping,发现userid是long类型的,而userid.keyword是string类型的,出现这种情况的根本原因是日志中这个字段存的是数值类型的值,改成字符串类型即可,由于急着用,我司上线一般是下午6点30上线,所以临时修改了下该字段的类型,步骤如下:

查看旧索引的mapping

找到userid这个字段,修改类型为keyword,如下:

{
    "mappings": {
        "doc": {
            "properties": {
                "@timestamp": {
                    "type": "date"
                },
                "@version": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "beat": {
                    "properties": {
                        "hostname": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        },
                        "name": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        },
                        "version": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "code": {
                    "type": "long"
                },
                "dip": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "fields": {
                    "properties": {
                        "log_topic": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "host": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "message": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "method": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "name": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "offset": {
                    "type": "long"
                },
                "referer": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "sip": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "source": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "tags": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "time": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "url": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "userid": {
                    "type": "keyword"   #修改此处
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

创建一个自定义mapping的新索引

PUT test-new
{
    "mappings": {
        "doc": {
            "properties": {
                "@timestamp": {
                    "type": "date"
                },
                "@version": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "beat": {
                    "properties": {
                        "hostname": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        },
                        "name": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        },
                        "version": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "code": {
                    "type": "long"
                },
                "dip": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "fields": {
                    "properties": {
                        "log_topic": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "host": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "message": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "method": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "name": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "offset": {
                    "type": "long"
                },
                "referer": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "sip": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "source": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "tags": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "time": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "url": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "userid": {
                    "type": "keyword"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

把旧索引的数据reindex到新索引上

注意,旧索引先停止新数据的写入

POST _reindex
{
  "source": {
    "index": "test"
  },
  "dest": {
    "index": "test-new"
  }
}

删除旧索引

DELETE test

按照步骤2创建test索引

PUT test
{
    "mappings": {
        "doc": {
            "properties": {
                "@timestamp": {
                    "type": "date"
                },
                "@version": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "beat": {
                    "properties": {
                        "hostname": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        },
                        "name": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        },
                        "version": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "code": {
                    "type": "long"
                },
                "dip": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "fields": {
                    "properties": {
                        "log_topic": {
                            "type": "text",
                            "fields": {
                                "keyword": {
                                    "type": "keyword",
                                    "ignore_above": 256
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "host": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "message": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "method": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "name": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "offset": {
                    "type": "long"
                },
                "referer": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "sip": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "source": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "tags": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "time": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "url": {
                    "type": "text",
                    "fields": {
                        "keyword": {
                            "type": "keyword",
                            "ignore_above": 256
                        }
                    }
                },
                "userid": {
                    "type": "keyword"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

把test-new索引的数据reindex到test索引上

POST _reindex
{
  "source": {
    "index": "test-new"
  },
  "dest": {
    "index": "test"
  }
}

查看test索引的mapping

GET test/_mapping,执行命令后,可以看到userid的字段类型为keyword类型了

然后再打开该索引接收新数据的开关

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