nagios整合cact实现网络监控报警的方法

发布时间：2020-06-06 20:38:49 作者：Leah
来源：亿速云阅读：286

这篇文章主要介绍了nagios整合cact实现网络监控报警的方法，具有一定借鉴价值，需要的朋友可以参考下。如下资料是关于实现网络监控报警的详细步骤内容。

系统环境：rhel6.3

selinux and iptables disabled

整合cacti和nagios是利用了cacti的一个插件nagios for cacti，它的原理是将nagios的数据通过ndo2db导入到mysql数据库（cacti的库中），然后cacti读取数据库信息将nagios的结果展示出来。

一、nagios监控本地主机

localhost.cfg中主机与服务是在一块的，为了便于管理，将主机与服务的配置信息分隔开。注释掉localhost.cfg,新增加hosts.cfg,services.cfg文件:

[root@server34 etc]#vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

# You can specify individual object config files as shown below:

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg

# Definitions for monitoring the local (Linux) host

#cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

更改主机：

[root@server34 objects]# cp localhost.cfg hosts.cfg

[root@server34 objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define host{

use linux-server

host_name server34.example.com

alias Manager

address 192.168.0.34

icon_p_w_picpath server.gif

statusmap_p_w_picpath server.gd2

2d_coords500,200

3d_coords500,200,100

}

###############################################################################

# HOST GROUP DEFINITION

###############################################################################

# Define an optional hostgroup for Linux machines

define hostgroup{

hostgroup_name linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup

alias Linux Servers ; Long name of the group

members * ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group

}

[root@server34 objects]# cp localhost.cfg services.cfg

[root@server34 objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define host{

use linux-server

host_name server34.example.com

alias Manager

address 192.168.0.34

icon_p_w_picpath server.gif

statusmap_p_w_picpath server.gd2

2d_coords500,200

3d_coords500,200,100

}

###############################################################################

# HOST GROUP DEFINITION

###############################################################################

# Define an optional hostgroup for Linux machines

define hostgroup{

hostgroup_name linux-servers ; The name of the hostgroup

alias Linux Servers ; Long name of the group

members * ; Comma separated list of hosts that belong to this group

}

[root@server34 objects]# vim services.cfg

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name 系统负荷检查

alias 负荷检查

members server34.example.com,进程总数,server34.example.com,登录用户数,server34.example.com,根分区,server34.example.com,交换空间利用率

}

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name 全部联通性检查

alias 联通性检查

members server34.example.com,PING

}

###############################################################################

# SERVICE DEFINITIONS

###############################################################################

# Define a service to "ping" the local machine

define service{

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name *

service_description PING

check_commandcheck_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%

}

# Define a service to check the disk space of the root partition

# on the local machine. Warning if < 20% free, critical if

# < 10% free space on partition.

define service{

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name server34.example.com

service_description 根分区

check_commandcheck_local_disk!20%!10%!/

}

# Define a service to check the number of currently logged in

# users on the local machine. Warning if > 20 users, critical

# if > 50 users.

define service{

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name server34.example.com

service_description 登录用户数

check_commandcheck_local_users!20!50

}

# Define a service to check the number of currently running procs

# on the local machine. Warning if > 250 processes, critical if

# > 400 users.

define service{

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name server34.example.com

service_description 进程总数

check_commandcheck_local_procs!250!400!RSZDT

}

# Define a service to check the load on the local machine.

define service{

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name server34.example.com

service_description 系统负荷

check_commandcheck_local_load!5.0,4.0,3.0!10.0,6.0,4.0

}

# Define a service to check the swap usage the local machine.

# Critical if less than 10% of swap is free, warning if less than 20% is free

define service{

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name server34.example.com

service_description 交换空间利用率

check_commandcheck_local_swap!20!10

}

# Define a service to check SSH on the local machine.

# Disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have SSH enabled.

define service{

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name server34.example.com

service_description SSH

check_commandcheck_tcp!22!1.0!10.0

notifications_enabled0

}

# Define a service to check HTTP on the local machine.

# Disable notifications for this service by default, as not all users may have HTTP enabled.

define service{

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name server34.example.com

service_description HTTP

check_commandcheck_http

notifications_enabled0

}

检测nagios的配置文件

[root@server34 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

http://192.168.0.34/nagios

点击服务，看到以上配置的服务则证明配置成功

二、nagios监控远程主机

1、监控远程主机的网络服务

监控远程主机的网络服务（如监控mysql服务等）

监控主机：192.168.0.34

远程主机（被监控主机）：192.168.0.17

rhel6.4 selinux disabled and iptables

此处以监控远程主机的mysql服务为例来说明nagios是如何监控远程主机的网络服务

安装mysql

[root@server17 ~]# yum install mysql -y

启动mysql

创建nagios数据库，并给nagios用户授予在监控主机上登录nagios库的权限。

mysql> create database nagios;

mysql> grant select on nagios.* to nagios@'192.168.0.34' identified by 'westos';

检测能否采集到信息：

[root@server34 libexec]# ./check_mysql -H 192.168.0.17 -u nagios -p westos -d nagios

Uptime: 1648 Threads: 1 Questions: 15 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 8 Queries per second avg: 0.9|Connections=8c;;; Open_files=16;;; Open_tables=8;;; Qcache_free_memory=0;;; Qcache_hits=0c;;; Qcache_inserts=0c;;; Qcache_lowmem_prunes=0c;;; Qcache_not_cached=0c;;; Qcache_queries_in_cache=0;;; Queries=15c;;; Questions=15c;;; Table_locks_waited=0c;;; Threads_connected=1;;; Threads_running=1;;; Uptime=1648c;;;

[root@server34 libexec]# pwd

/usr/local/nagios/libexec

添加检测命令：

[root@server34 objects]# vim commands.cfg

# 'check_mysql' command definition

define command{

command_name check_mysql

command_line $USER1$/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u $ARG1$ -p $ARG2$ -d $ARG3$

}

添加主机：

[root@server34 objects]# vim hosts.cfg

define host{

use linux-server

host_name server17.example.com

alias mysql

address 192.168.0.17

icon_p_w_picpath server.gif

statusmap_p_w_picpath server.gd2

2d_coords 600,300

3d_coords 600,300,100

}

添加服务：

[root@server34 objects]# vim services.cfg ###添加服务组

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name 全部联通性检查

alias 联通性检查

members server34.example.com,PING,server17.example.com,PING

}

################################check_mysql#################################

define service{ ###添加服务

use local-service ; Name of service template to use

host_name server17.example.com

service_description check_mysql

check_command check_mysql!nagios!westos!nagios

}

验证配置文件更改是否正确：

[root@server34 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

重新加载nagios：

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

检测：http://192.168.0.34/nagios

点击主机->出现server17.example.com

点击服务->出现check_mysql服务

2、通过nrpe监控远程主机的基本信息（如磁盘的使用情况等）

在被监控主机上操作

下载nagios插件包、nrpe包

nagios-plugins-1.5.tar.gz， nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

[root@server17 ~]# tar zxf nagios-plugins-1.5.tar.gz

创建nagios用户

[root@server17 ~]# useradd nagios

编译安装nagios-plugin

[root@server17 ~]# cd nagios-plugins-1.5

[root@server17 nagios-plugins-1.5]# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-user=nagios

[root@server17 nagios-plugins-1.5]# make && make install

编译安装nrpe，nrpe是守护进程，需安装更改xinetd

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# yum install xinetd -y

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe

only_from = 192.168.0.34

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# vim /etc/services

nrpe 5666/tcp

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# ./configure

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make all

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-xinetd

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# /etc/init.d/xinetd start

配置nrpe

[root@server34 etc]# vim nrpe.cfg

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20

command[check_hda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1

command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200

[root@server17 ~]# /etc/init.d/xinetd start

##########################################

在监控主机上

下载nrpe包：

nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# ./configure

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make all

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-plugin

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon

[root@server17 nrpe-2.15]# make install-daemon-config

安装检测：

[root@server34 libexec]# ./check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.17

NRPE v2.15

检测磁盘使用情况：

[root@server34 libexec]# ./check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.17 -c check_disk

DISK OK - free space: / 14459 MB (85% inode=91%);| /=2540MB;14327;16118;0;17909

添加check_nrpe检测命令

[root@server34 objects]# vim commands.cfg

# 'check_nrpe' command definition

define command{

command_name check_nrpe

command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$

}

[root@server34 objects]# vim services.cfg

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name 系统负荷检查

alias 负荷检查

members server34.example.com,进程总数,server34.example.com,登录用户数,server34.example.com,根分区,server34.example.com,交换空间利用率

}

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name 全部联通性检查

alias 联通性检查

members server34.example.com,PING,server17.example.com,PING

}

配置检测：

[root@server34 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

检测：

http ://192.168.0.34/nagios

点击服务，查看结果

三、整合nagios与微信、飞信

nagios与微信、飞信整合，使得nagios的监控报警具有了锦上添花的效果。这样，管理员不用经常性的查看系统运行是否正常，磁盘使用情况等等，有什么异常情况，微信、飞信会第一时间的通知你，可以达到7*24小时的监控。你要做的就是手机保持畅通就ok了。既然这么好，那大家就跟随我一块愉快的感受下吧！

首先打开相关服务：

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios start

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/httpd start

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

检测nagios@server34.example.com是否能收发邮件

[root@server34 objects]# mail nagios@server34.example.com

切换到nagios用户，查看到以下邮件时则成功

[root@server34 objects]# su - nagios

-bash-4.1$ mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.4 7/29/08. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/nagios": 1 message

> 1 root Sun Apr 27 09:54 20/642 "dsdssds"

一般自定义域名会被QQ邮箱当作垃圾邮件处理，在QQ邮箱中设置白名单

-bash-4.1$ ping mail.qq.com //检测网络是否畅通

PING mail.qq.com (14.17.32.178) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from 14.17.32.178: icmp_seq=1 ttl=53 time=54.4 ms

64 bytes from 14.17.32.178: icmp_seq=2 ttl=53 time=1088 ms

添加邮箱：

[root@server34 objects]# vim contacts.cfg

email 281588847@qq.com

[root@server34 objects]# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

下载fetion，和飞信的库文件linuxso_20101113.tar.gz

[root@server34 ~]# tar zxf linuxso_20101113.tar.gz -C /lib^C

[root@server34 ~]# cp fetion /usr/local/nagios/libexec/

给以下文件加可执行权限

[root@server34 libexec]# chmod +x libACE*^C

[root@server34 libexec]# chmod +x libcrypto.so.4 libssl.so.4

[root@server34 libexec]# chmod nagios.nagios fetion

[root@server34 libexec]# su - nagios

根据提示的错误依次安装以下软件包：

-bash-4.1$ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion

-bash: /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad ELF interpreter: No such file or directory

[root@server34 ~]# yum install /lib/ld-linux.so.2 libstdc++.so.6 libgssapi_krb5.so.2 libz.so.1 -y

-bash-4.1$ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion --mobile=1870924**** --pwd=****** --to=187********,187******** --msg-utf8="hahahahhhhhhhhhhhaaaa"//第一次发送时会要求输入校验码，以后发送时则不需要

为了查看校验码的内容，将校验码拷贝到物理主机的桌面上

[root@server34 libexec]# scp 18709242146.jpg 192.168.0.39:/root/Desktop

整合飞信与nagios

因发送的对象与内容可能发生改变，故用脚本实现则更为方便，以下是实现该功能的脚本：

-bash-4.1$ vim fetion.sh

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion --mobile=187******** --pwd=****** --to="$1" --msg-utf8="$2" &>/dev/null

给fetion.sh加可执行权限

-bash-4.1$ chmod +x fetion.sh

测试：

-bash-4.1$ /usr/local/nagios/libexec/fetion.sh 1870924**** "westos linux"

-bash-4.1$ vim contacts.cfg

define contact{

contact_name nagiosadmin ; Short name of user

use generic-contact ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)

alias Nagios Admin ; Full name of user

email 281588847@qq.com ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******

pager 1870924****

}

-bash-4.1$ vim commands.cfg

# 'notify-host-by-fetion' command definition

define command{

command_name notify-host-by-fetion

command_line $USER1$/fetion.sh $CONTACTPAGER$ " $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$"

}

# 'notify-service-by-FETION' command definition

define command{

command_name notify-service-by-fetion

command_line $USER1$/fetion.sh $CONTACTPAGER$ " $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$"

}

-bash-4.1$ vim templates.cfg

service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email,notify-service-by-fetion ; send service notifications via email

host_notification_commands notify-host-by-email,notify-host-by-fetion ; send host notifications via email

检测配置文件

[root@server34 objects]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

测试：

[root@server17 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop

Stopping mysqld: [ OK ]

当收到飞信报警信息时配置成功

看完这篇文章，你们学会nagios整合cact实现网络监控报警的方法了吗？如果还想学到更多技能或想了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道，感谢各位的阅读。

nagios整合cact实现网络监控报警的方法

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