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走四棋儿(也称为四子棋或四连棋)是一种经典的两人对弈游戏,玩家轮流在棋盘上放置棋子,目标是在水平、垂直或对角线上先形成四个连续的棋子。本文将介绍如何使用Python和Pygame库来实现一个简单的走四棋儿游戏。
在开始编写代码之前,确保你已经安装了Python和Pygame库。如果尚未安装Pygame,可以使用以下命令进行安装:
pip install pygame
首先,导入所需的库:
import pygame
import sys
初始化Pygame并设置游戏窗口的大小和标题:
pygame.init()
# 设置窗口大小
WIDTH = 700
HEIGHT = 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("走四棋儿游戏")
定义游戏中使用的颜色和常量:
# 定义颜色
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
# 定义棋盘大小
ROW_COUNT = 6
COLUMN_COUNT = 7
# 定义棋子大小
SQUARE_SIZE = 100
RADIUS = int(SQUARE_SIZE / 2 - 5)
创建一个二维列表来表示棋盘,初始时所有位置为空:
def create_board():
    board = [[0] * COLUMN_COUNT for _ in range(ROW_COUNT)]
    return board
编写函数来绘制棋盘和棋子:
def draw_board(board):
    for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT):
        for r in range(ROW_COUNT):
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLACK, (c * SQUARE_SIZE, r * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE, SQUARE_SIZE, SQUARE_SIZE))
            pygame.draw.circle(screen, WHITE, (int(c * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE / 2), int(r * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE / 2)), RADIUS)
    
    for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT):
        for r in range(ROW_COUNT):
            if board[r][c] == 1:
                pygame.draw.circle(screen, RED, (int(c * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE / 2), HEIGHT - int(r * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE / 2)), RADIUS)
            elif board[r][c] == 2:
                pygame.draw.circle(screen, YELLOW, (int(c * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE / 2), HEIGHT - int(r * SQUARE_SIZE + SQUARE_SIZE / 2)), RADIUS)
    pygame.display.update()
编写函数来处理玩家的输入,并更新棋盘:
def drop_piece(board, row, col, piece):
    board[row][col] = piece
def is_valid_location(board, col):
    return board[ROW_COUNT - 1][col] == 0
def get_next_open_row(board, col):
    for r in range(ROW_COUNT):
        if board[r][col] == 0:
            return r
def player_move(board, col, piece):
    if is_valid_location(board, col):
        row = get_next_open_row(board, col)
        drop_piece(board, row, col, piece)
        return True
    return False
编写函数来判断是否有玩家获胜:
def check_win(board, piece):
    # 检查水平方向
    for r in range(ROW_COUNT):
        for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT - 3):
            if board[r][c] == piece and board[r][c + 1] == piece and board[r][c + 2] == piece and board[r][c + 3] == piece:
                return True
    # 检查垂直方向
    for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT):
        for r in range(ROW_COUNT - 3):
            if board[r][c] == piece and board[r + 1][c] == piece and board[r + 2][c] == piece and board[r + 3][c] == piece:
                return True
    # 检查正对角线方向
    for r in range(ROW_COUNT - 3):
        for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT - 3):
            if board[r][c] == piece and board[r + 1][c + 1] == piece and board[r + 2][c + 2] == piece and board[r + 3][c + 3] == piece:
                return True
    # 检查反对角线方向
    for r in range(3, ROW_COUNT):
        for c in range(COLUMN_COUNT - 3):
            if board[r][c] == piece and board[r - 1][c + 1] == piece and board[r - 2][c + 2] == piece and board[r - 3][c + 3] == piece:
                return True
    return False
编写主游戏循环,处理玩家输入、更新棋盘、判断胜负等:
def main():
    board = create_board()
    game_over = False
    turn = 0
    while not game_over:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit()
            if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                if turn == 0:
                    col = event.pos[0] // SQUARE_SIZE
                    if player_move(board, col, 1):
                        if check_win(board, 1):
                            print("玩家1获胜!")
                            game_over = True
                        turn = 1
                else:
                    col = event.pos[0] // SQUARE_SIZE
                    if player_move(board, col, 2):
                        if check_win(board, 2):
                            print("玩家2获胜!")
                            game_over = True
                        turn = 0
        draw_board(board)
        if game_over:
            pygame.time.wait(3000)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
将上述代码保存为一个Python文件(例如connect4.py),然后在终端中运行:
python connect4.py
你将看到一个走四棋儿游戏的窗口,玩家可以通过点击鼠标来放置棋子。游戏会在有玩家获胜时结束,并显示获胜者。
通过本文,我们学习了如何使用Python和Pygame库来实现一个简单的走四棋儿游戏。这个项目涵盖了Pygame的基本使用、游戏逻辑的实现以及简单的用户交互。你可以在此基础上进一步扩展游戏功能,例如添加对手、增加音效、优化界面等。希望本文对你有所帮助,祝你编程愉快!
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