c#

c# string如何实现加密解密

小樊
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2024-10-18 18:25:35
栏目: 编程语言

在C#中,可以使用System.Security.Cryptography命名空间下的类来实现字符串的加密和解密。以下是一个使用AES加密和解密的示例:

首先,确保已经安装了System.Security.Cryptography.Aes NuGet包。如果没有安装,可以通过以下命令安装:

dotnet add package System.Security.Cryptography.Aes

然后,可以使用以下代码实现加密和解密:

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.IO;

class AesEncryptionExample
{
    static void Main()
    {
        string key = "your-secret-key"; // 密钥应该是16、24或32个字符长度的字符串
        string plaintext = "Hello, World!"; // 要加密的字符串

        string encrypted = Encrypt(plaintext, key);
        Console.WriteLine("Encrypted text: " + encrypted);

        string decrypted = Decrypt(encrypted, key);
        Console.WriteLine("Decrypted text: " + decrypted);
    }

    static string Encrypt(string plaintext, string key)
    {
        byte[] iv = new byte[16]; // 初始化向量(IV)长度为16字节(AES-128)
        byte[] array;

        using (Aes aes = Aes.Create())
        {
            aes.Key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
            aes.IV = iv;

            ICryptoTransform encryptor = aes.CreateEncryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV);

            using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream())
            {
                using (CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, encryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Write))
                {
                    using (StreamWriter streamWriter = new StreamWriter(cryptoStream))
                    {
                        streamWriter.Write(plaintext);
                    }
                    array = memoryStream.ToArray();
                }
            }
        }

        return Convert.ToBase64String(array);
    }

    static string Decrypt(string ciphertext, string key)
    {
        byte[] iv = new byte[16]; // 初始化向量(IV)长度为16字节(AES-128)
        byte[] array;

        using (Aes aes = Aes.Create())
        {
            aes.Key = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
            aes.IV = iv;

            ICryptoTransform decryptor = aes.CreateDecryptor(aes.Key, aes.IV);

            using (MemoryStream memoryStream = new MemoryStream(Convert.FromBase64String(ciphertext)))
            {
                using (CryptoStream cryptoStream = new CryptoStream(memoryStream, decryptor, CryptoStreamMode.Read))
                {
                    using (StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(cryptoStream))
                    {
                        array = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(streamReader.ReadToEnd());
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(array);
    }
}

请注意,这个示例使用了AES-128加密算法。你可以根据需要选择其他加密算法,例如AES-192或AES-256。但是,密钥和IV的长度将相应地变化。例如,对于AES-256,密钥应该是32个字符长度的字符串,IV应该是16字节(AES-128)或24字节(AES-192或AES-256)长度的字符串。

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